Abstract：
:Thioesterase superfamily member 1 (Them1; synonyms acyl-CoA thioesterase 11 and StarD14) is highly expressed in brown adipose tissue and limits energy expenditure in mice. Them1 is a putative fatty acyl-CoA thioesterase that comprises tandem hot dog-fold thioesterase domains and a lipid-binding C-terminal steroidogenic acute regulatory protein-related lipid transfer (START) domain. To better define its role in metabolic regulation, this study examined the biochemical and enzymatic properties of Them1. Purified recombinant Them1 dimerized in solution to form an active fatty acyl-CoA thioesterase. Dimerization was induced by fatty acyl-CoAs, coenzyme A (CoASH), ATP, and ADP. Them1 hydrolyzed a range of fatty acyl-CoAs but exhibited a relative preference for long-chain molecular species. Thioesterase activity varied inversely with temperature, was stimulated by ATP, and was inhibited by ADP and CoASH. Whereas the thioesterase domains of Them1 alone were sufficient to yield active recombinant protein, the START domain was required for optimal enzyme activity. An analysis of subcellular fractions from mouse brown adipose tissue and liver revealed that Them1 contributes principally to the fatty acyl-CoA thioesterase activity of microsomes and nuclei. These findings suggest that under biological conditions, Them1 functions as a lipid-regulated fatty acyl-CoA thioesterase that could be targeted for the management of metabolic disorders.
journal_name
J Lipid Resjournal_title
Journal of lipid researchauthors
Han S,Cohen DEdoi
10.1194/jlr.M029538subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-12-01 00:00:00pages
2620-31issue
12eissn
0022-2275issn
1539-7262pii
jlr.M029538journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The extent to which cholesterol synthesis is modulated in macrophage foam cells by changes in cholesterol influx and efflux was determined using thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages from normal and cholesterol-fed White Carneau (WC) and Show Racer (SR) pigeons. In peritoneal macrophages from normocholesterol...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat brain increases in weight after birth in three stages: (I) rapidly for the first 2 weeks, (II) at a lower rate from 2 to 5 weeks, and (III) at a still lower rate from 5 weeks to 5 months. During the succeeding period, designated IV, it maintains constant weight up to 1 year of age. Brain ganglioside content increa...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1966-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) is a bioactive phospholipid that is involved in atherogenesis and inflammatory processes. However, the present understanding of mechanisms whereby lysophosphatidylcholine exerts its pathophysiological actions is incomplete. In the present work, we show that lysoPC stimulates phospholip...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphorylcholine-1,2-(14)C and choline-1,2-(14)C-labeled cytidine diphosphate choline are incorporated into lecithin by whole homogenates and particulate fractions of rat retina with optimal incorporation of label by the microsomal fraction. The soluble fraction contains a factor(s) which stimulates incorporation of ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1970-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfoquinovosyl diglyceride from plant tissues is recovered in sizeable quantities, free from phospholipids and galactolipids. ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1966-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe endothelial abnormalities are a prominent feature in sepsis with cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha being implicated in the pathogenesis. As mimic to inflammation, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) were incubated with TNFalpha for 22 h, in the absence or presence of the omega-6 ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The extent of hypercholesterolemia varies considerably in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). We hypothesized that the variability of the FH phenotype might be partly explained by variation in proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) activity. Individuals between 18 and 53 years of age who h...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.P023994
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential role of the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) receptor in mediating VLDL-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression was studied in vitro. Cultured endothelial cells incubated with VLDL showed an increased secretion of PAI-1. This response to VLDL could be completely prevented by the r...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat lymph chylomicrons were treated with rat heparin-releasable hepatic lipase (HL) or with bovine milk lipoprotein lipase (LPL). The ability of the resulting particles to be taken up by the liver in vivo was assessed following their infusion into the portal vein of partially hepatectomized animals. The following obse...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dietary lipids are taken up as FAs by the intestinal epithelium and converted by diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) enzymes into triglycerides, which are packaged in chylomicrons or stored in cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs). DGAT1-deficient patients suffer from vomiting, diarrhea, and protein losing enteropathy, i...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M094201
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The addition of a trans isomer of arachidonic acid (20:4 delta 14trans) to rat platelet suspensions inhibited the aggregation induced by 7.5 microM of arachidonic acid. This inhibitory effect of 20:4 delta 14trans was significant at concentrations of 7.5-22.5 microM and the range of inhibition was 20% at an inhibitor/...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of condensation of L-serine and palmitoyl-CoA to form 3-ketodihydrosphingosine (3KDS). Here, we report a HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method to directly quantify 3KDS generated by SPT. With this technique, we were able to detect 3KDS at a level comparable to that of...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.D078535
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein farnesylation is a form of posttranslational modification that occurs in most, if not all, eukaryotic cells. Inhibitors of protein farnesyltransferase (PFTIs) have been developed as anticancer chemotherapeutic agents. Using the knowledge gained from the development of PFTIs for the treatment of cancer, researc...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1194/jlr.R500016-JLR200
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using solid phase systems, the kinetics of binding of monoclonal antibody (LRB 45, IgG2b,kappa) to apoC-I and apoC-I on lipoproteins were investigated. At 25 degrees C, the association constant of LRB 45 antibody to apoC-I (3.56 X 10(6) M-1 X sec-1) was almost three times slower than the association constant LRB 45 an...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to establish a new lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) activity assay method. Seventy normal volunteers were recruited. Lipase activities were assayed by measuring the increase in absorbance at 546 nm due to the quinoneine dye. Reaction mixture-1 (R-1) contained dioleoylgly...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M700528-JLR200
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optically active 1- or 3-acyl-sn-glycerols were synthesized from 2,3- or 1,2-isopropylidene-sn-glycerols, respectively. The 2,3- or 1,2-isopropylidene-sn-glycerols were condensed with appropriate long saturated or unsaturated fatty acids and the resulting acyl isopropylidene compounds were treated with dimethylboronbr...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) and ABCA1 are structurally dissimilar cell surface proteins that play key roles in HDL metabolism. SR-BI is a receptor that binds HDL with high affinity and mediates both the selective lipid uptake of cholesteryl esters from lipid-rich HDL to cells and the efflux of unesterifi...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M300358-JLR200
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Supernatant protein factor (SPF) and anionic phospholipids such as phosphatidylglycerol (PG) stimulate squalene epoxidase activity in rat liver microsomes by promoting [3H]squalene uptake as well as substrate translocation (Chin, J., and K. Bloch. 1984. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 11735-11738). This process is postulated to b...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Circulating concentrations of mevalonic acid (MVA) change in parallel with, and may be used as a marker of cholesterol biosynthesis. Plasma MVA levels have been quantified using a sensitive and specific capillary gas chromatography-electron capture mass spectrometric assay. The detection limit for MVA in plasma is 100...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy is a catabolic process involved in maintaining energy and organelle homeostasis. The relationship between obesity and the regulation of autophagy is cell type specific. Despite adverse consequences of obesity on cardiac structure and function, the contribution of altered cardiac autophagy in response to fatt...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M055152
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatic steatosis is one of the most common liver disorders in the general population. The main cause of hepatic steatosis is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), representing the hepatic component of the metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by type 2 diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Insulin resistance ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1194/jlr.R008896
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The basic protein protamine strongly inhibited hydrolysis of triolein emulsified with soybean phosphatidylcholine (PC) by pancreatic and carboxylester lipases; 10 micrograms/ml protamine, about 1000 times lower than the concentration of bovine serum albumin for the same effect, inhibited triolein hydrolysis completely...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apolipoprotein (apo) B-100, the protein constituent of low density lipoproteins (LDL), is the determinant responsible for LDL binding to the apoB,E(LDL) receptor on cells. The current study was designed to identify the region(s) of apoB-100 that interact with the apoB,E(LDL) receptor. Apolipoprotein B-100 was fragment...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lec9 Chinese hamster ovary cells were found previously to be defective in the synthesis of N-linked glycans. This appeared to be the result of a defect in the synthesis of oligosaccharide lipid and lipid phosphate (Rosenwald, Stanley, and Krag. 1989. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9: 914-924). In this study we analyzed the steady s...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies were carried out to determine whether apolipoprotein (apo) A-II, like apoA-I, can recruit phospholipid and cholesterol from cell membranes, thereby forming nascent apoA-II-specific HDL. ApoA-II and apoA-I were purified from plasma and each was incubated with CHO cells at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml. Li...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vitro studies show that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can be released from membrane phospholipid by Ca(2+)-independent phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)), Ca(2+)-independent plasmalogen PLA(2) or secretory PLA(2 (sPLA2)), but not by Ca(2+)-dependent cytosolic PLA(2) (cPLA2), which selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA)....
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M006262
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the characterization of eight mutations of sterol 27-hydroxylase gene (CYP27) in five Italian patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, who were found to be compound heterozygotes. Four mutations (C --> T at nt 45 of exon 4, G(+1) --> A in intron 6, G(+5) --> T in intron 7, and G(-1) --> A in intron 7) a...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isolated etioplasts from 8-day-old dark-grown pea seedlings incorporated [1-(14)C]acetate into lipid at a relatively low rate. Plastids from seedlings that had been illuminated for at least 2 hr showed an enhanced incorporation provided the plastids were illuminated during incubation with the labeled acetate. Dark inc...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1973-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was undertaken to determine the mechanisms that regulate cholesterol synthesis in vivo and to quantitate the relative importance of the liver and extrahepatic tissues as sites for sterol synthesis. Rats were administered [3H]water intravenously and killed 1 hour later. The amount of [3H]water incorporated i...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Low density lipoproteins (LDL), isolated by ultracentrifugal flotation, were oxidized (LDLOXID) slowly during dialysis against 0.15 M NaCl and subsequent incubation in 96% air-4% CO2 at 37 degrees C. Butylated hydroxytoluene prevented LDL oxidation. LDL preparations from different sera were oxidized at different rates...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
