Abstract：
:Prothymosin alpha (ProTα), a nuclear protein devoid of signal sequence, has been shown to possess a number of cellular functions including cell survival. Most recently, we demonstrated that ProTα is localized in the nuclei of neurons, while it is found in both nuclei and cytoplasm in the astrocytes and microglia of adult brain. However, the cell type-specific non-classical release of ProTα under cerebral ischemia is yet unknown. In this study, we report that ProTα is non-classically released along with S100A13 from neurons in the hippocampus, striatum and somatosensory cortex at 3 h after cerebral ischemia, but amlexanox (an anti-allergic compound) reversibly blocks this neuronal ProTα release. We found that none of ProTα is released from astrocytes and microglia under ischemic stress. Indeed, ProTα intensity is increased gradually in astrocytes and microglia through 24 h after the cerebral ischemia. Interestingly, Z-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketone, a caspase 3 inhibitor, pre-treatment induces ProTα release from astrocytes in the ischemic brain, but this release is reversibly blocked by amlexanox. However, Z-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketone as well as amlexanox has no effect on ProTα distribution in microglia upon cerebral ischemia. Taken together, these results suggest that only neurons have machineries to release ProTα upon cerebral ischemic stress in vivo.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Halder SK,Matsunaga H,Ueda Hdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07897.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-10-01 00:00:00pages
262-75issue
2eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
123pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a trophic and survival factor for cholinergic neurons, and it induces the expression of several genes that are essential for synthesis and storage of acetylcholine (ACh), specifically choline acetyltransferase, vesicular ACh transporter (VAChT), and choline transporter. We have found previ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05681.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that disturbances during neurodevelopment may play a crucial role in the etiology of schizophrenia (SZ). This premise is supported by brain imaging, epidemiological, and pathological studies as well as the discovery of susceptibility genes for SZ that appear to be implicated in development of the...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04628.x
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ischemic stress in the brain induces acute and massive neuronal death in the targeted area, which is followed by a second round of detrimental processes, called delayed neuronal death, in the neighboring areas. To test the hypothesis that transcriptional control plays a role in the pathophysiology of the postischemic ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02429.x
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The murine neuroblastoma N1E-115 cell line possesses a high density of angiotensin II (AngII) receptors that can be solubilized with the zwitterionic detergent 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate. These solubilized binding sites exhibited high affinity for CGP-42112A and not Losartan, indicating ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62062106.x
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depletion of glutathione in the substantia nigra is one of the earliest changes observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) and could initiate dopaminergic neuronal degeneration. Nevertheless, experimental glutathione depletion does not result in preferential toxicity to dopaminergic neurons either in vivo or in vitro. Moreo...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0742305.x
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) are emerging as key proteins in the control of cell death. In this study, we evaluated the expression and subcellular distribution of the antiapoptotic protein X-linked IAP (XIAP), and its interactions with the XIAP-associated factor 1 (XAF1) in neonatal rat brain following hypoxia-i...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05482.x
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultures of chromaffin cells isolated from the bovine adrenal medulla have been extremely useful for investigating secretory mechanisms, but such cultures used up to the present time represent mixed populations of adrenergic and noradrenergic cells. This report describes how, with slight modifications to standard proc...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb03761.x
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we examined the functional expression of the extraneuronal monoamine transporter (EMT) in normal human astrocytes (NHA). RT-PCR with EMT-specific primers demonstrated the presence of EMT mRNA in NHA. The RT-PCR products were subjected to restriction-site analysis using three different enzymes (HinfI, Sac...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01566.x
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular protein inclusions in Alzheimer's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy contain UBB+1, a variant ubiquitin. UBB+1 is able block the 26S proteasome in cell lines. Proteasome inhibition by drug action has previously been shown to induce a heat-shock response and render protection against stress. We in...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01844.x
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A naturally occurring point mutation (R231H) within one of the major 3gamma-binding surface (switch II region) on the a subunit of Gs (alpha(s)) has previously been found to disrupt receptor-mediated activation of Gs. The disruption caused by mutating this conserved residue may be a general phenomenon for all a subuni...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The P2Y11 nucleotide receptor detects high extracellular ATP concentrations. Mutations of the human P2RY11 gene can play a role in brain autoimmune responses, and the P2Y11 receptor alanine-87-threonine (A87T) polymorphism has been suggested to affect immune-system functions. We investigated receptor functionality of ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12666
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral endothelial cells form the selective permeability barrier between brain and blood by virtue of their impermeable tight junctions and the presence of specific carrier systems. These specialized properties of brain capillaries are reflected in the presence of proteins that are not found in other capillaries of ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09769.x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tryptic digestion of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) isolated from rat adrenal glands labeled with 32Pi produced five phosphopeptides. Based on the correspondence of these phosphopeptides with those identified in TH from rat pheochromocytoma cells, four phosphorylation sites (Ser8, Ser19, Ser31, and Ser40) were inferred. Fi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09276.x
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our previous observations have shown that neuroactive steroid levels in the brain are affected by acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) with sex and regional specificity (Giatti et al. 2010). To better understand the effect of EAE on neuroactive steroids, we have here assessed the levels of pregnenolon...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06825.x
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Histamine stimulates cyclic AMP accumulation in astrocyte-enriched and neuronal primary cultures from rat brain in the presence of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor isobutylmethylxanthine. The response in the astrocyte cultures (Emax = 304 +/- 44% over basal, EC50 = 43 +/- 5 microM) was much higher than in neuronal cult...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04943.x
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracerebroventricular injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces a marked increase in circulating interleukin (IL)-6 levels and in IL-6 mRNA expression in brain and peripheral organs. Recently, it was reported that intraperitoneal administration of alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists inhibits centrally injected LPS-in...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.721625.x
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabotropic glutamate receptor (type 1; mGluR1) is expressed predominantly in the hippocampus and the cerebellum. Using cultured cerebellar granule cells, we investigated the regulation of the mGluR1 mRNA expression. Levels of mGluR1 mRNA were decreased to less than half by high potassium stimulation and by glutamate...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb05845.x
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endogenous norepinephrine (NE) release in cerebral cortex slices taken from normal and morphine-tolerant guinea pigs was measured by HPLC. In normal slices, a linear relationship was found between electrically evoked NE release and the log of the frequency of stimulation in the range of 1-20 Hz. The efficiency of the ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb11361.x
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) is linked to autosomal dominant mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 and 2 (PS1 and PS2) genes. These are critical mediators of total amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) production, inducing cell death through uncertain mechanisms. Tauroursodeoxychol...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04007.x
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activity-dependent plasticity in nociceptive pathways has been implicated in pathomechanisms of chronic pain syndromes. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is expressed by trigeminal nociceptors, has recently been identified as a key player in the mechanism of migraine headaches. Here we show that CGRP is co...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04161.x
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Specific D2 binding in rat striatum was characterized and then the effects of chronic disruption of dopaminergic activity on antagonist and agonist binding to these sites were studied. D2 receptors were defined as those sites capable of binding [3H]spiperone in the presence of cinanserin, a 5-HT2 antagonist, but not i...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb05388.x
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical study we have examined the distribution of myelin basic protein (MBP), 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP), and myelin/oligodendroglial glycoprotein (MOG) within CNS myelin sheaths and oligodendrocytes of adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Ultrastructural i...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb10930.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previously we found close similarities between high-affinity binding sites for [3H]cocaine and those for [3H]imipramine in the mouse cerebral cortex in regard to their association with neuronal uptake of serotonin. In the present study we investigated whether the two ligands bind to the same site. The two ligands had ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb06703.x
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism of attachment of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to neuronal membranes in interneuronal synapses is poorly understood. We have isolated, sequenced, and cloned a hydrophobic protein that copurifies with AChE from human caudate nucleus and that we propose forms a part of a complex of membrane proteins attached...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0742146.x
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A neurochemical evaluation of beagle dogs with naturally occurring spontaneous generalized convulsive seizures was performed. Amino acid profiles of serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and biopsied cerebral cortex from epileptic dogs were compared with those from seizure-free siblings. No differences in absolute levels ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb07862.x
更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methods are described for the determination of sheep spinal cord tissue fluid content and norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine concentrations after experimental injury. The amount of tissue fluid varied in different regions of sheep spinal cord following injury. Norepinephrine and serotonin wet weight concentration...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb07074.x
更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For a long time, prolyl endopeptidase (PEP) was believed to inactivate neuropeptides in the extracellular space. However, reports on the intracellular activity of PEP suggest additional, as yet unidentified, physiological functions for this enzyme. Here, we demonstrate using biochemical methods of subcellular fraction...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03237.x
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have shown previously that N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4HPR, fenretinide), a retinoic acid derivative, induces neuronal differentiation in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells [Chen et al., J. Neurochem., 84 (2003), 972]. We asked the question whether the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05409.x
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A glycoprotein ATPase in cholinergic synaptic vesicles of Torpedo electric organ was solubilized with octa-ethylene glycol dodecyl ether detergent. Study of potential stabilizing factors identified crude brain phosphatidylserine, glycerol, dithiothreitol, and protease inhibitors as of value in maintaining activity. Th...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb08524.x
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incorporation of radioactive precursors into gangliosides and other glycolipids, glycoproteins, and total lipids has been studied in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Starting with the same PC12 cell pool, cultures displaying different degrees of neuritic expression in response to nerve growth factor (NGF) and comb...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb13006.x
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
