Abstract:
:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of persistent organic pollutants with the ability to cause adverse impacts on human health and the environment. This study describes the indiscriminate use of PCB-contaminated transformer oil as a coolant in informal welding shops in Kalutara, Sri Lanka. Sixty-three welders, one each from a convenience sample of 63 welding workshops participated in the study. We administered a questionnaire and observed work practices. Sixty-two (98%) workplaces used transformer oil as the coolant in the welding equipment, 60 (95%) claiming that it was the only one available. Sixty-two (98%) did not use any protective measures when refilling coolant oil, while none of them safely disposed of the empty coolant oil containers. Only four (6%) were aware of the possible health effects of PCB-contaminated coolant oil. Health and safety measures in the work places studied were very poor. Coolant oil samples from a sub-sample of 30 welding workshops were tested for PCBs; 19 (63%) were positive. PCB-contaminated coolant oil is widely used by the welders in Kalutara without adequate precautions or safety measures.
journal_name
Int J Occup Environ Healthauthors
Lankatilake K,Samaranayake D,Piyathunga Kdoi
10.1179/1077352512Z.00000000012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-04-01 00:00:00pages
110-5issue
2eissn
1077-3525issn
2049-3967journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract::To determine lymphohematopoietic malignancy incidence rates between populations living near oil-gas fields (two regions) compared with those living in areas free from oil-gas exploitation (one region) in Koprivnica-Krizevci County, Croatia, 803 new cases of lymphohematopoietic malignancies were studied for two time pe...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.2007.13.3.258
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lead smelter/refinery workers in the US have had significant exposure to lead and are an important occupational group to study to understand the health effects of chronic lead exposure in adults. Recent research found evidence that studies of lead smelter/refinery workers have been conducted but not publishe...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1179/2049396715Y.0000000010
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite tobacco farming involving intensive manual labor, chronic low back pain (CLBP) prevalence and associated factors are unknown among this occupational group. METHODS:This was a cross-sectional study conducted in southern Brazil. A random sample of tobacco farmers was interviewed. Socioeconomic and ind...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/2049396714Y.0000000094
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the development of nanotechnology within numerous scientific disciplines, it is likely that nanoscale products have been and will be used for agricultural, vector, and urban pest control prior to a complete evaluation of exposure and risk. Significant differences may exist between nanotechnology-based pesticides...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/107735210799160066
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimating the burden of occupational injury in developing countries might provide support for strengthening injury prevention during industrialization. A cross-sectional survey was administered to all households in the Xuân Tiên Commune in Vietnam to collect information on the characteristics of work and injuries in ...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/107735209799449734
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study explored the association between the two job-stress models, job-strain and effort-reward imbalance, and mental health outcomes in a working population exposed to major organizational changes. The cross-sectional study was based on 680 subjects, 504 men and 176 women. Psychosocial factors at work included: p...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.2006.12.2.111
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Musicians at all levels of performance, especially string players, are known to have a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The disorders seem to be most common in the neck, shoulders and low back. In 1988, a survey of the work-related musculoskeletal disorders of 36 music teachers was carried ou...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.1998.4.2.89
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1997, Argentina gave priority to asbestos in its National Plan for the Sound Management of Chemicals, and it was the subject of a Technical Task Force on Occupational Cancer. After five years of public hearings in which government, workers, industry advocates, environmentalists, clinicians, scientists, and consumer...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1179/oeh.2004.10.2.202
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in immigration employees and compared two of the screening methods. Using a cross-sectional study design, we administered questionnaires regarding demographics, work, medical history, and tuberculosis risk factors to employees at two immigration facilities. P...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/107735211799041832
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Fogarty-supported International Training Program of the Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (SWCOEH) at the University of Texas School of Public Health was initiated in 1995, with its activities focused primarily on Latin America. As this program has matured, its participants have been conce...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1179/oeh.1999.5.3.203
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 44-year-old patient died from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) after nine years of heavy exposure to cadmium (Cd) in a nickel cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery factory. Two years after starting work he and co-workers had experienced pruritus, loss of smell, nasal congestion, nosebleeds, cough, shortness of breath, severe h...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/107735201800339470
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identification of workers who are at high risk and at low risk as a result of participation in the cleanup of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power station ("liquidators") is important both for scientific research and for the medical care of the individuals involved. Using register data for 3...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.1997.3.1.45
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the study was to estimate the incidences of physician-diagnosed cases of work-related asthma (WRA) in Michigan and the entire United States. The statewide surveillance system for WRA in Michigan receives reports primarily from three sources: physicians, hospital discharge data, and worker's compensati...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.1999.5.1.1
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrazine, an herbicide used on most of the US corn (maize) crop, is the subject of ongoing controversy, with increasing documentation of its potentially harmful health and environmental impacts. Supporters of atrazine often claim that it is of great value to farmers; most recently, Syngenta, the producer of atrazine, ...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/2049396713Y.0000000054
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Between 1992 and 2010 in the Costa Rican Caribbean, a social movement coalition called Foro Emaús sought to change people's view on problems of high pesticide use in banana production. OBJECTIVE:To understand the formation and membership of Foro Emaús, its success period, and its decline. METHODS:Semi-stru...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1179/2049396712Y.0000000018
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Factors that influence exposure to silver particles from the use of textiles are not well understood. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of product treatment and physiological factors on silver release from two textiles. METHODS:Atomic and absorbance spectroscopy, electron micro...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/2049396714Y.0000000070
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The European Union's 2006 Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) legislation represents a new wave in regulating chemicals and has set far-reaching goals for protecting and enhancing public health, the environment, and markets. Despite substantial public debate during the develop...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/107735211799031130
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because the risk of leukemia for workers exposed to 1 ppm of benzene for 40 years is estimated to be 70% greater than the risk for unexposed persons, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) recommend that the allowable ...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1179/oeh.2000.6.2.114
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Health effects of occupational exposures are frequently evaluated by comparing the mortality of a whole cohort of workers with that of the general population. This study design may be affected by two major biases: a dilution effect (DE), due to the inclusion of unexposed subjects in the study cohort, and a comparison ...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.2007.13.2.143
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Asbestos was used in spray applied textured ceilings from 1945 to at least 1980. Exposure to asbestos and the probability of developing lung disease is high in individuals who lived with these types of ceilings in their home. Asbestos exposure and frequency of disease is even higher in an apartment suffering...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/10773525.2016.1162952
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a global need for trained researchers who can address the increasing burden of illness and injury and prepare future generations of researchers. Developing countries have a special need for practical, action-oriented interventions to address workplace problems, based on identification of needs and priorities,...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.2006.12.4.408
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxic anti-thyroidic chemical perchlorate, used in rocket fuel, has leached from military dumpsites into public drinking water sources, contaminating the water at dangerous levels in many states. The Department of Defense and its contractors such as Lockheed Martin are using obfuscation to wage a campaign to slow ...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.2004.10.3.330
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because the widespread use of gloves by health care workers has induced an increase of both irritant and type I or type IV allergic glove-related diseases, the Italian Society of Preventive Medicine for Health Care Workers set up a working group to collect information about glove composition and to standardize procedu...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.1997.3.4.300
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incident rates of mining-related accidents and injuries in developing countries exceed those of developed nations. Interventions by international organizations routinely fail to produce appreciable long-term improvement. One major reason is the inability to identify and analyze the underlying factors responsible f...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.2006.12.4.329
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Global changes in the economies of most developed nations have impacted the way healthcare is organized, even within largely public systems, and the working conditions of healthcare workers. Since the acceleration of globalization in the 1970s, service-sector workers in developed nations have faced high unemployment, ...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.2004.10.4.368
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This study on workplace injuries and risk reduction practices was part of the Malaysia National Health Morbidity Survey III (NHMS III) conducted in 2006. METHODS:This cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted to determine the incidence of workplaces injuries and assess the magnitude of some i...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/1077352512Z.00000000035
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::On the basis of the International Agency for Research on Cancer's evaluations of occupational exposures, 22 occupational agents are classified as human carcinogens and an additional 22 agents as probable human carcinogens. In addition, evidence of increased risk of cancer was associated with particular industries and ...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.1995.1.4.315
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cross-sectional study was conducted in a randomly selected factory producing Portland cement in eastern Saudi Arabia to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases and chest x-ray changes consistent with pneumoconiosis in the employees. A sample of 150 exposed and 355 unexposed employees was select...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/oeh.2004.10.3.272
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Legislators in the Canadian province of Alberta have successfully resisted pressure to increase state injury-prevention efforts. OBJECTIVES:This study seeks to identify the narratives used by legislators to manage political pressure for increased injury-prevention efforts. METHODS:Narrative analysis of leg...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1179/2049396713Y.0000000040
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposure to metal working fluids (MWF) is common in machining processes worldwide and may lead to diseases of the skin and the respiratory tract. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to investigate exposure and diseases due to MWF in Switzerland between 2004 and 2013. METHODS:We performed descriptive statist...
journal_title:International journal of occupational and environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/10773525.2016.1200210
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00