Abstract：
:The assessment of off-label medications is one of the most common reasons for assessment of drugs for individual patients in the German medical services. Tension is not uncommon because of great expectations of patients and doctors on the one hand and the requirements of the law on the other. They often do not match. Even if there is a medically justified off-label use the road to drug approval is principally via the authorities with tested efficacy and safety in order not to deprive the patient of the protection of the Pharmaceuticals Act. The jurisdiction has approved criteria for reimbursement by the statutory health insurance only in clearly defined exception and one requirement is that there are no alternative forms of treatment. For serious diseases this is based on the evidence of drug approval; however, for immediately life-threatening situations a very low evidence level is sufficient.
journal_name
Z Rheumatoljournal_title
Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologieauthors
Grell L,Rieger Mdoi
10.1007/s00393-011-0900-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-02-01 00:00:00pages
101-4, 106-7issue
2eissn
0340-1855issn
1435-1250journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:Taking part in physical education is an important element of social participation for children with chronic diseases. Nevertheless, children suffering from rheumatism mostly receive recommendations to stop sport activities either completely or partially, without underlying scientific guidelines. OBJECTIVE:T...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-018-0518-2
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) represents the most common clinically relevant form of primary immunodeficiency. This heterogeneous antibody deficiency syndrome is characterized not only by susceptibility to bacterial respiratory tract infections but displays additional signs of immune dysregulation, such as a...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00393-013-1162-5
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis of chondrocalcinosis is based on typical radiographic findings and synoviaanalysis. We examined 10 patients with chondrocalcinosis to see whether pathognomonic findings of the disease could also be seen by ultrasound. Ultrasound and x-ray findings were compared. Calcifications of the knee menisci were se...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temporomandibular joint affections in rheumatic disease are described. They were seen in inflamed joint diseases, mostly in rheumatoid arthritis, and less so in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, and collagen vascular disease. In osteoarthrosis, the temporoma...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tendomyopathies (TM) comprise two subgroups. Both are caused by the irritation of nociceptors (IN). Type I results from IN within muscles and tendons with the consequence of local pain, whereas type II refers to TM occurring at a site distant from IN anywhere in the body. Such TM-type II are understood to serve for th...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We tested the efficacy of the immunomodulator Bestatin, which has been successfully applied in Japan, in a preliminary open study in ten patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis. Patients whose arthritis was characterized by a low humoral activity showed a partial remission of the disease after six mon...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are associated with increased mortality, largely as a consequence of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Studies found relative risk ratios of 2 for myocardial infarction in RA and up to 7 for myocardial infarction in SLE patients.Beyond the traditional CV risk...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00393-009-0585-5
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to measure therapeutic effects or assess disease course, outcomes measurement parameters are commonly used in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. From the patient's perspective, possibly the most important outcome measurement parameter is quality of life (QoL). QoL may be defined in terms of "health status" a...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-009-0573-9
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among the rheumatic diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) reveals the highest frequency of central nervous symptoms. Psychiatric abnormalities are present in over 90% of the patients, if very mild cognitive impairment is included. The psychiatric syndromes listed by the American College of Rheumatologists encom...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-004-0618-z
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim in this study was to determine whether solute carrier family 22, member 4 (SLC22A4), and runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in populations of different ethnicities. METHODS:We conducted a literature search using th...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-014-1447-3
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:278 patients with ankylosing spondylitis have been studied in order to find a basis for prognosis by setting a mobility function index of the vertebral column. This index does not depend on manifestation age or on the blood sedimentation rate. It increases with progression of x-ray findings. A coincidence of impaired ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The present study should elucidate the efficacy, patient acceptability, and side effect profiles of Oxaprozin and Diclofenac retard when given to patients with active primary osteoarthrosis. METHODS:80 outpatients with active primary osteoarthrosis with a radiological grade of II or III in the hip or knee joint (m...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s003930050068
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight patients with SLE were found on clinical and roentgenological grounds or by respiratory function tests to have evidence of lung involvement. Great discrepancies were noted between clinical findings and the results of the respiratory function tests on the one hand and lacking or discrete radiological changes on t...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review presents data on morbidity and mortality in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Morbidity in patients with SpA is mainly determined by impairment of function and development of structural lesions. The course of illness in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is influenced by comorbidities, such as ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-011-0757-y
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoreactivity plays a major role in the pathogenesis of RA. The rheumatoid factor has been and still is for now more than 50 years the only autoreactivity that is clinically applied in the diagnosis of RA. This well reflects the current way of thinking that a single antigen or a single cause drives an individual into...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s003930170093
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoinflammatory syndromes are characterized by periodic febrile attacks in combination with increased inflammatory markers. The dysregulation of different cellular signaling pathways leads to an excessive immune response, which can in turn promote multisystemic inflammatory processes. Due to overlapping symptoms, var...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-020-00847-7
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) affect young females during childbearing age. Over the last decades, improvements in survival as well as quality of life in patients affected with ARD have led to an increased number of pregnancies observed during the course of such diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is th...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-006-0059-y
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fabry's disease is a hereditary lipid storage disease with deposition of ceramides in nearly all tissues. The lipid deposition in the skin and the synovial compartments causes an enlargement of the skin, the joint capsules and the tendon sheaths, which are recognizable by low KV radiography. The bones of the hand main...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polyarthralgias are widely common complaints. In earlier stages it might be difficult to state the right diagnosis. Differential diagnosis is absolutely necessary for starting in time with the right treatment. Out of a great clinical material the following diseases causing mono-, oligo- or polyarthralgia were discusse...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The histopathological synovitis score evaluates in a graded approach, as is largely usual for diagnostic histopathological scores, the immunological and inflammatory changes caused by synovitis. A synovitis score of between 1 and ≤ 4 is classified as low-grade (osteoarthritis-related synovitis, post-traumatic synoviti...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-017-0308-2
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The antidesoxyribonuclease B reaction shows in persons of all classes of age examined a similar distribution of titres as the antistreptolysin reaction. The anti DNase B titres however are mostly lower than the titres of the antistreptolysin reaction, except in the group of children, 6 to 17 years of age, suffering fr...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfasalazine was used as second line agent in 15 children with different forms of rheumatoid arthritis. In 9 cases amelioration could be achieved with respect to clinical symptoms as well as laboratory parameters. Thus, sulfasalazine can be recommended as basic medication also in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rehabilitation activities belong to tertiary prevention. The latter includes all measures that aim at avoiding the progression of a physical disability to a handicap, or those that diminish the extent of the handicap. Complex rehabilitation programs represent a cooperation of medical, occupational, and social reintegr...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A set of early diagnostic (ED) criteria comprising clinical data, ESR, radiological spinal signs, and the risk factor HLA B27 was evaluated after 5 and 10 years in a follow-up of 54 patients with an initial diagnosis of possible ankylosing spondylitis (AS). After 10 years 32 patients (59%) had developed definite AS ac...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to their anti-inflammatory effects and their capacity to affect the synthesis of most cytokines and the Th1/Th2 balance, endogenous glucocorticoids contribute to control the basal operation of immune cells. Immune processes result in the production of cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-11, IL-12, TNF-alpha, a...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s003930070014
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When patents expire, usually after 10 years in Germany, generic medicines routinely enter the market in place of conventional medications leading to significant reductions in prices. Currently the first biologicals are approaching patent expiry. Because of the biochemical complexities truly identical imitators are unr...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00393-013-1140-y
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biomarkers form the basis for patient stratification and the development of individualized treatment strategies. As the understanding of the pathophysiological processes underlying rheumatic diseases increases, novel biomarkers will become available and established markers can be used more efficiently. Autoantibodies ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00393-011-0884-5
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The international treat-to-target initiative including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients has defined remission or alternatively low disease activity as treatment goals. In Germany representatives of the medical profession, such as doctors, nurses and including the Deutsche Rheuma-Liga, are deliberating how to adapt a...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-011-0773-y
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Big data analysis raises the expectation that computerized algorithms may extract new knowledge from otherwise unmanageable vast data sets. What are the algorithms behind the big data discussion? In principle, high throughput technologies in molecular research already introduced big data and the development and applic...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-018-0436-3
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:New strategies including the blockade of TNFalpha showed excellent therapeutic effects even in so far refractory rheumatic diseases. Moreover, these approaches provided us with important informations about the pathogenic role of the mediators involved and distinct autoimmune cellular subsets. Here, we discuss recent d...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00393-003-0539-2
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
