Abstract:
:Streptococcus pneumoniae, the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The presence of chronic respiratory illness is a major risk factor for pneumonia, and smoking (the most common cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is also an important risk factor for pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease. There are currently three established approaches to antipneumococcal vaccination: capsular polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccines (recommended for adults and some children at risk), protein-polysaccharide conjugate pneumococcal vaccines (classically recommended for infants and young children and currently under evaluation for adults aged 50 years or older for the prevention of invasive disease) and experimental protein-based pneumococcal vaccines (under investigation in animal models). Although patients with chronic respiratory diseases are commonly described as an at-risk population for pneumococcal infections, studies on pneumococcal vaccination efficacy in such patients are very limited and vaccination effectiveness remains controversial. This paper reviews available data on the efficacy and effectiveness of polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccination among adults with chronic respiratory diseases.
journal_name
Expert Rev Vaccinesjournal_title
Expert review of vaccinesauthors
Vila-Corcoles A,Ochoa-Gondar Odoi
10.1586/erv.11.176subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-02-01 00:00:00pages
221-36issue
2eissn
1476-0584issn
1744-8395journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Herpes zoster (HZ) causes an often severe and painful rash in older people and may be complicated by prolonged pain (postherpetic neuralgia; PHN) and by dissemination in immune-compromised patients. HZ results from reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection, often associated with age-rel...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14760584.2017.1329012
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated CpG motifs act as immune adjuvants, improving the immune response elicited by coadministered vaccines. Combining CpG ODN with anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA), the licensed human vaccine, can increase the speed, magnitude and avidity of the resultant anti-ant...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.5.3.365
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although mass vaccination of the entire population of an endemic area would be the most cost-effective tool to diminish Leishmania burden, an effective vaccine is not yet commercially available. Practically, vaccines have failed to achieve the required level of protection, possibly owing to the lack of an appropriate ...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erv.11.166
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychological stress has been shown to be associated with poorer antibody levels following vaccination in both animals and humans, although the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. However, animal research has enabled investigation of how this relationship may be affected by the influence of individ...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.3.2.141
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccine distribution and delivery has become an issue of significant interest, given the threat of a pandemic influenza outbreak and the resulting need for coordinated efforts to distribute and deliver pandemic influenza vaccines into the hands of healthcare workers responsible for administering them. This review prov...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.6.6.981
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally believed that the role of CD4(+) T cells is to coordinate the different arms of the adaptive immune system to shape an effective response against a pathogen and regulate nonessential or deleterious activities. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that effector CD4(+) T cells can directly displa...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erv.10.132
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of cancer vaccines is as a therapeutic strategy to immunize the body against cancer antigens that may not be presented by the cancer itself, due to the marked immunosuppressive effects of the disease, which has been demonstrated in many different tumors. ...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14760584.3.6.665
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neisseria lactamica is a commensal organism that is closely related to Neisseria meningitidis, the causative agent of meningococcal disease. N. lactamica has many antigens in common with N. meningitidis, but it lacks a polysaccharide capsule and the serosubtyping antigen PorA. Carriage studies have demonstrated that N...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.4.3.373
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatitis A and B are two of the most common vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccination for Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) is recommended for those at risk of contracting HAV and/or HBV through their occupation, travel or lifestyle. OBJECTIVE:To describe the vaccine efficacy, immunoge...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.2016.1150182
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bordetella pertussis, responsible for one of the oldest vaccine-preventable diseases in children, has resurged in North America, Europe, Latin America and many countries around the world. Despite new recommended vaccination strategies for adolescents, pregnant women and adults, mortality is still significant in develo...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1586/erv.10.156
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has become one of the major pathogens causing acute respiratory infections (ARI) mainly affecting young children, immunocompromised patients, and the elderly. Currently there are no licensed vaccines against this virus. Areas covered: Since the discovery of hMPV in 2001, many g...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14760584.2017.1283223
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is growing interest in immunotherapy for malignant gliomas. This interest stems from a number of immunological observations, together with the failure of conventional therapeutic agents to produce broad and clinically meaningful improvements in survival and quality of life. The challenges faced in translating la...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.2014.881255
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a dominant component of the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane, is a strong activator of the innate immune system, and thereby an important determinant in the adaptive immune response following bacterial infection. This adjuvant activity can be harnessed following immunization with bacter...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.2015.1026808
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Leishmania donovani glycoprotein fraction, known as FML, successfully underwent preclinical and clinical (Phase I-III) vaccine trials against canine visceral leishmaniasis (92-95% of protection and 76-80% of vaccine efficacy) when formulated with a QS21 saponin-containing adjuvant. It became the licensed Leishmune...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14760584.7.6.833
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The favorable graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect that occurs after stem cell transplantation suggests that T cells can eradicate leukemia blasts. T cells specifically recognize peptides and exert an antileukemia effect. Several leukemia-associated antigens (LAAs) have been found to be overexpressed in malignant cells ...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erv.11.56
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peanut-allergen hypersensitivity reactions, which can result in anaphylactic episodes and death, affect approximately 1% of the general population. Currently, strict avoidance of allergenic food is the only available treatment for this food-induced allergic reaction; however, the innocuous presence of trace amounts of...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erv.12.119
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant viruses are emerging as an attractive alternative to stable genetic transformation for the expression of foreign proteins in plants. The main advantages of using this strategy are that viral genomes are small and easy to manipulate, infection of plants with modified viruses is simpler and quicker than the regene...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.4.5.687
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current influenza vaccines are primarily targeted to induce immunity to the influenza virus strain-specific hemagglutinin antigen and are not effective in controlling outbreaks of new pandemic viruses. An approach for developing universal vaccines is to present highly conserved antigenic epitopes in an immunogenic con...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erv.12.70
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pneumococcal disease is a major health problem worldwide. Large, rapid declines in overall invasive pneumococcal disease and mucosal disease in children, reductions in vaccine-type disease in unvaccinated children and adults (indirect effects) and significant drops in antibiotic-resistant infections were observed afte...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.7.9.1367
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunotherapy is a promising means to fight cancer, prompting a steady increase in clinical trials and correlative laboratory studies in this field. As antitumor T cells play central roles in immunity against malignant diseases, most immunotherapeutic protocols aim to induce and/or strengthen their function. Various t...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.2013.843456
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Precision medicine describes the customization of healthcare tailored to the individual patient. Generally, vaccines are considered as public health tools rather than from the individual patient perspective. However, adult vaccination programs in particular should consider many different factors, at the ...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14760584.2019.1607303
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To control the worldwide spread of HIV, a safe and effective prophylactic vaccine is urgently needed. Studies with the simian immunodeficiency virus demonstrated that a live attenuated virus can be effective as a vaccine, but serious concerns about the safety of such a vaccine virus have arisen. We propose a condition...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.1.3.293
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Intranasal influenza vaccines are expected to confer protection among vaccine recipients by successful induction of mucosal immune response in the upper respiratory tract. Though only live attenuated influenza virus vaccines (LAIVs) are licensed and available for intranasal use in humans today, intranasal ...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14760584.2018.1507743
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although much progress has been made in the last decade(s) toward development of effective cancer vaccines, there are still important obstacles to therapeutic successes. New generations of cancer vaccines will benefit from a combination adjuvant approach that targets multiple branches of the immune respons...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14760584.2018.1434000
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dengue vaccine introduction will likely occur soon. However, little has been published on international dengue vaccine communication and advocacy. More effort at the international level is required to review, unify and strategically disseminate dengue vaccine knowledge to endemic countries' decision makers and potenti...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.2016.1152187
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccination has been a successful tool in the protection against many infectious diseases, and recent advances in biotechnology have created new techniques and strategies to produce safe and efficacious vaccines for human use. However, developing a protective vaccine against malaria has been a challenge. In this artic...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erv.10.60
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Controlling the preventable infectious diseases is the main goal of vaccination. Among the vaccines, combined vaccines are of great importance for their social, public health, and economic values. It is stated that the combined vaccines are as efficient and safe as the monovalent vaccines. However, a con...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14760584.2020.1843434
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the Global Polio Eradication Initiative progresses toward the eradication of wild polioviruses, national and global health leaders must still actively consider options for managing poliovirus risks, including risks associated with using oral poliovirus vaccine. Oral poliovirus vaccine continues to represent a highl...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erv.11.195
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protection against acquisition of fully heterologous, neutralization-resistant SIV was achieved in rhesus monkeys with adenovirus/poxvirus vector-based vaccines. Protection against acquisition of infection required the inclusion of envelope antigens and correlated with the induction of binding antibodies against the E...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1586/erv.12.21
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleic acid vaccines have been gaining attention as an alternative to the standard attenuated pathogen or protein based vaccine. However, an unrealized advantage of using such DNA or RNA based vaccination modalities is the ability to program within these nucleic acids regulatory devices that would provide an immunolo...
journal_title:Expert review of vaccines
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14760584.2015.997714
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00