Abstract：
:Soldiers are often required to carry heavy loads during military operations. This article reports on a systematic literature review examining the influence of physical training on load carriage performance. Several literature databases, reference lists, and other sources were explored to find studies that quantitatively examined the effects of physical training on the time taken for individuals to complete a set distance carrying an external load, with the majority of the load contained in a backpack. Effect sizes (Cohen's d statistic) were used in meta-analyses to examine the changes in load carriage performance after various modes of physical training. Effect sizes quantified training-related changes in terms of SD units. Ten original research studies met the review criteria. Meta-analysis indicated that large training effects (≥0.8SD units) were apparent when progressive resistance training was combined with aerobic training and when that training was conducted at least 3 times per week, over at least 4 weeks. When progressive load-carriage exercise was part of the training program, much larger training effects were evident (summary effect size [SES] = 1.7SD units). Field-based training that combined a wide variety of training modes and included progressive load-carriage exercise was also very effective in improving load carriage performance (SES = 1.1SD units). Aerobic training alone or resistance training alone had smaller and more variable effects, depending on the study. This review indicates that combinations of specific modes of physical training can substantially improve load carriage performance.
journal_name
J Strength Cond Resjournal_title
Journal of strength and conditioning researchauthors
Knapik JJ,Harman EA,Steelman RA,Graham BSdoi
10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182429853subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-02-01 00:00:00pages
585-97issue
2eissn
1064-8011issn
1533-4287journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of weight distribution (WtD) asymmetry on the biomechanics of a barbell back squat. This study included 2 groups of trained individuals who were separated based on a WtD test (n = 14 in each group). They performed the barbell back squats with 2 resistance leve...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0b013e318220e0a3
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of the 1-minute anaerobic step test on lactate production. In addition, a comparison of postexercise lactate levels between the traditional 40-cm step height and a modified 20-cm step height was tested along with multiple biomechanical components such as torque, kne...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000000789
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Helme, M, Emmonds, S, and Low, C. Is the rear foot elevated split squat unilateral? An investigation into the kinetic and kinematic demands. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-The purpose of the study was to determine the unilateral nature of the rear foot elevated split squat (RFESS). Specifically, the producti...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000003727
更新日期：2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Chapman, M, Larumbe-Zabala, E, Gosss-Sampson, M, Triplett, NT, and Naclerio, F. Using perceptual and neuromuscular responses to estimate mechanical changes during continuous sets in the bench press. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2722-2732, 2019-This study analyzed the effectiveness of the OMNI-RES (0-10) and the electro...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000002516
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of dehydration at a controlled relative intensity on physiological responses and trail running speed. Using a randomized, controlled crossover design in a field setting, 14 male and female competitive, endurance runners aged 30 ± 10.4 years completed 2 (hydrated [...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1519/JSC.0b013e318231a6c8
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare the variability and accuracy of proximal and traditional distal electrode placement to estimate body composition in obese adults. Fifty-two obese men and women had a mean age of 37 years and an average body mass index (BMI) of 30.6 kg.m(-2). Body composition was measured using ...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/1533-4287(2003)017<0522:copadp>2.0.co;2
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 6-week, periodized squat training program, with or without whole-body low-frequency vibration (WBLFV), on jump performance. Males ranged in age from 20 to 30 years and were randomized into groups that did squat training with (SQTV, n = 13) or without (SQT, n = ...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181821a1a
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cuthbert, M, Thomas, C, Dos'Santos, T, and Jones, PA. Application of change of direction deficit to evaluate cutting ability. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2138-2144, 2019-The purpose of this study was to examine the application of the change of direction deficit (CODD) to a 90° cut test to examine whether CODD provides ...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000002346
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:de Souza, HLR, Arriel, RA, Hohl, R, da Mota, GR, and Marocolo, M. Is ischemic preconditioning intervention occlusion-dependent to enhance resistance exercise performance? J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2019-Ischemic preconditioning is a rising technique with potential to improve performance. Currently, its effect...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000003224
更新日期：2019-07-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Lawrence, MA, Ostrowski, SJ, Leib, DJ, and Carlson, LA. Effect of unstable loads on stabilizing muscles and bar motion during the bench press. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2018-Unstable loads are anecdotally used to increase muscle stabilizer strength and utilization; however, there is little evidence to suppor...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000002788
更新日期：2018-08-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Hoffman, JR, Hoffman, MW, Zelicha, H, Gepner, Y, Willoughby, DS, Feinstein, U, and Ostfeld, I. The Effect of 2-Weeks of Inactivated Probiotic Bacillus coagulans on Endocrine, Inflammatory and Performance Responses During Self-Defense Training in Soldiers. J Strength Cond Res 33(9): 2330-2337, 2019-The effect of 2 week...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000003265
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sanders, DJ, Walker, AJ, Prior, KE, Poyssick, AN, and Arent, SM. Training demands and physiological profile of cross-disciplined collegiate female dancers. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2019-Little is known about the physical demands of high-level dance training. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to inves...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000003107
更新日期：2019-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was carried out to compare cardiac structure and function and blood lipids among Strongmen, sedentary controls, and marathoners. Echocardiography was performed, and endothelial function, blood lipids and maximal oxygen uptake were measured in 27 Caucasian adult men (8 Strongmen, 10 marathoners, 9 controls)....
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0b013e31820f50ef
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toffan, A, Alexander, MJL, and Peeler, J. Comparison of the technique of the football quarterback pass between high school and university athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(9): 2474-2497, 2018-The purpose of the study was to compare the most effective joint movements, segment velocities, and body positions to perform th...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000002068
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ball, S, Halaki, M, and Orr, R. Movement demands of rugby sevens in men and women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3475-3490, 2019-Global positioning systems (GPS) provide comprehensive information of player movement demands in rugby 7's. Although studies have investigated the use of...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000003197
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coratella, G, Beato, M, Milanese, C, Longo, S, Limonta, E, Rampichini, S, Cè, E, Bisconti, AV, Schena, F, and Esposito, F. Specific adaptations in performance and muscle architecture after weighted jump-squat vs. body mass squat jump training in recreational soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 32(4): 921-929, 2018-The...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000002463
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Repetitions to fatigue (RTF) using less than a 1 repetition maximum (1RM) load (RepWt) have been shown to be a good predictor of 1RM strength in men, but such information is scarce in women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of current prediction equations to estimate 1RM bench press performance a...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0b013e31817b02ad
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although foam rolling is a common myofascial therapy used to increase range of motion (ROM), research is limited on the effectiveness of foam rolling on soft tissue extensibility. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a 4-week training period of the foam roll method on hamstring flexibility. Furthermore...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000001007
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of simultaneously delivering 2 channels of electromyostimulation (EMS) current using 2 different electrode arrangements. Ten men and 10 women university students had 4 reusable electrodes placed (2 proximal, 2 distal) medial and lateral on the quadriceps muscle grou...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glassbrook, DJ, Helms, ER, Brown, SR, and Storey, AG. A review of the biomechanical differences between the high-bar and low-bar back-squat. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2618-2634, 2017-The back-squat is a common exercise in strength and conditioning for a variety of sports. It is widely regarded as a fundamental moveme...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000002007
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was conducted to investigate whether the low-frequency (5-Hz) oscillatory vibration-like stimulus, purported to be delivered by exercising with Flexi-bar, acutely affects muscle activation and maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force. Nine healthy men participated in 2 trials, separated by at least 1 week,...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c7c2d8
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A bout of eccentric exercise (ECC) has the protective effect of reducing muscle damage during a subsequent bout of ECC known as the "repeated bout effect" (RBE). The purpose of this study was to determine if the RBE is greater when both bouts of ECC are performed using the same vs. different velocity of contraction. T...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0b013e31829d23dd
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the activity profiles of junior rugby league players competing in 3 distinct age groups (Under 13, 14, and 15), and 2 distinct playing standards (division 1 and 4). In addition, we reported global positioning system (GPS) data using predefined absolute speed thresholds and speed thresholds expr...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000001016
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ribeiro, AS, Picoloto, A, Nunes, JP, Bezerra, ES, Schoenfeld, BJ, and Cyrino, ES. Effects of different resistance training loads on the muscle quality index in older women. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) performed using low ...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000003667
更新日期：2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Circulating creatine kinase (CK) levels are often monitored as an indirect biomarker of muscle damage after resistive exercise. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate whether capillary whole-blood sampling, a simpler and less invasive method for obtaining a venous blood sample, would allow for a reli...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Safarimosavi, S, Mohebbi, H, and Rohani, H. High-intensity interval vs. continuous endurance training: Preventive effects on hormonal changes and physiological adaptations in prediabetes patients. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2018-The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a 12-week high-intensity inte...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000002709
更新日期：2018-06-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Carvil, PA, Attias, J, Evetts, SN, Waldie, JM, and Green, DA. The effect of the gravity loading countermeasure skinsuit upon movement and strength. J Strength Cond Res 31(1): 154-161, 2017-Effective countermeasures against musculoskeletal deconditioning induced by microgravity and disuse are required. A simple alterna...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0000000000001460
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of two different dynamic warm-up conditions, one that was inclusive of open skills (i.e., reactive movements) and one that included only preplanned dynamic activities (i.e., closed skills) on the performance of speed, change of direction speed, vertical jump, and reactive agili...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181739ecd
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We analyze the outcome on testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) responses in 12 professional basketball players during a season of competition. Serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), C, total testosterone (TT), and free testosterone (FT) levels were analyzed in October, December, March, and April. A day after the games...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181ce2423
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that low-intensity resistance exercises with vascular occlusion and slow movement effectively increase muscular size and strength. Researchers have speculated that local hypoxia by occlusion and slow movement may contribute to such adaptations via promoting anabolic hormone secretions by th...
journal_title：Journal of strength and conditioning research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182281c69
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
