HIV infection and aging of the innate immune system.

Abstract:

:The increased life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals due to improved treatment has revealed an unexpected increase in non-AIDS comorbidities that are typically associated with older age including cardiovascular disease, dementia and frailty. The majority of these diseases arise as the result of dysregulated systemic inflammation, and both the aged and HIV-infected individuals exhibit elevated basal levels of inflammation. In the elderly, increased inflammation and age-related diseases are associated with a state of impaired immunity called immunosenescence, which is thought to result from a lifetime of immune stimulation. It is now apparent that HIV induces premature immunosenescence within T-cells; however, the impact of HIV on aging of cells of the innate arm of the immune system is unknown. Innate immune cells play a central role in inflammation and are thus critical for the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Limited evidence suggests HIV infection mimics age-related changes to innate immune cells; however, the extent of this effect and the mechanism underlying these changes remain to be defined. This review focuses on the impact of HIV infection on the function and aging of innate immune cells and discusses potential drivers of premature immunosenescence including chronic endotoxaemia, residual viraemia, telomere attrition and altered cellular signalling.

journal_name

Sex Health

journal_title

Sexual health

authors

Hearps AC,Angelovich TA,Jaworowski A,Mills J,Landay AL,Crowe SM

doi

10.1071/SH11028

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-12-01 00:00:00

pages

453-64

issue

4

eissn

1448-5028

issn

1449-8987

pii

SH11028

journal_volume

8

pub_type

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