Event-related potential assessment of attention and the orienting reaction in boxers before and after a fight.

abstract：:The association between defensiveness and metabolic burden, as well as the moderating effects of sex and age were evaluated in 199 healthy working men (N=81) and women (N=118), aged 20-64 years (M=41; S.D.=11.45). Defensiveness (Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale) and parameters of metabolic syndrome (MS; waist ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Lévesque K,Bureau S,Moskowitz DS,Tardif JC,Lavoie J,Dupuis G,D'Antono B

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the relationship between unemployment and heart rate variability (HRV) in a region of high unemployment in the Czech Republic. The study involved 21 involuntarily unemployed and 21 employed men and women aged 30-49 years, matched on number of potentially confounding factors, including age, gender, type of ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Jandackova VK,Paulik K,Steptoe A

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourteen subjects learned to adjust their breath pattern to two target breaths displayed on a video screen, by using visual feedback, during two sessions 24 h apart. These two targets were respectively the smallest and the largest breaths of a ten-breath sample previously recorded from each subject's resting spontaneo...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Blanc-Gras N,Estève F,Benchetrit G,Gallego J

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Working memory scanning and motor response speeds were assessed in chronically sleep restricted participants using the Sternberg item recognition paradigm (SIRP). Twenty-two healthy volunteers (ages 21-30) living in a controlled hospital environment were allowed either 4h of sleep opportunity (50% of habitual sleep) o...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Casement MD,Broussard JL,Mullington JM,Press DZ

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the effects of standard laboratory stressors on cardiovascular measures before and after the consumption of a modest meal. A mental arithmetic task and a reaction time task were administered before and 2 h after a carbohydrate or a protein meal. A noncaloric placebo meal and a fasting condition wer...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Uijtdehaage SH,Shapiro D,Jaquet F

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The capacity for abstraction is vital for adaptive behavior. Based on behavioral data and event-related potentials (ERPs), the present study investigates the brain's ability to encode abstract auditory rules with a dynamic approach in which rules constantly emerge and vanish. In successive conditions, abstract rules a...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Bendixen A,Schröger E

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thirty-six participants (18 female, 18 male) viewed affective pictures to investigate the coupling between emotional reactions and motivated behavior. Framed within the biphasic theory of emotion, the three systems approach was employed by collecting measures of subjective report, expressive physiology, and motivated ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Hillman CH,Rosengren KS,Smith DP

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elevated cortisol is recognized as a transient response to stress, and is also found among patients with major depressive disorder. Abnormally high levels of thyroxin are associated with nervousness and irritability, while very low levels are associated with lethargy. Therefore it is reasonable to ask if variations in...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Mazur A

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the auditory system, cortical event-related potential amplitudes are enhanced during selective attention within the auditory channel. In the case of brainstem responses, however, the results are less clear since only a few studies have reported attention effects. Nearly all of these studies have used click stimuli ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Galbraith GC,Arroyo C

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Event-related potential (ERP) correlates of distraction are usually investigated in the oddball paradigm following a discrete, trial-by-trial stimulation protocol. In this design, participants perform a discrimination task while oddball stimuli deviate in a task-irrelevant stimulus feature. In our experiment, particip...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Horváth J,Winkler I

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated differences in ERP parameters related to intelligence. For that purpose 74 individuals (Intelligence: M=107; S.D.=12; range 73-135), of average creativity passively listened to two tones and performed two auditory, and two visual oddball tasks while their EEG was recorded. The approximat...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Jausovec N,Jausovec K

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Older people sometimes show a bias toward the processing of positive information. In this study, we used an event-related potential approach to examine whether such a positivity bias is also present during feedback processing in older adults. Our results suggest that a fast initial monitoring process, as reflected in ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Ferdinand NK,Kray J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The review summarizes and integrates findings from 40 years of event-related potential (ERP) studies using pictures that differ in valence (unpleasant-to-pleasant) and arousal (low-to-high) and that are used to elicit emotional processing. Affective stimulus factors primarily modulate ERP component amplitude, with lit...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Olofsson JK,Nordin S,Sequeira H,Polich J

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Social anxiety has been characterized by an attentional bias towards threatening faces. Electrophysiological studies have demonstrated modulations of cognitive processing from 100 ms after stimulus presentation. However, the impact of the stimulus features and task instructions on facial processing remains unclear. Ev...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Peschard V,Philippot P,Joassin F,Rossignol M

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although previous evidence suggests that mucosal immunity may be influenced by mental stress, the importance of the duration of stress exposure on secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) has yet to be fully elucidated. Salivary sIgA and cardiovascular activity were measured at rest, following 14 and 28 min of mental arithme...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Ring C,Drayson M,Walkey DG,Dale S,Carroll D

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiac activity has long been considered as a psychophysiological marker of adaptive psychological adjustment. Irregularities in autonomic nervous system activity have long been implicated in both externalizing and disinhibitory behaviors. The present study used a battery of assessments in children ages 4.5-5.5 years...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Muñoz LC,Anastassiou-Hadjicharalambous X

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is argued that the latter part of usual human sleep is phenotypically adaptable (without 'sleep debt') to habitual shortening or lengthening, according to environmental influences of light, safety, food availability and socio-economic factors, but without increasing daytime sleepiness. Pluripotent brain mechanisms ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Horne J

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resting frontal encephalographic (EEG) asymmetry, often conceptualized as a trait marker for depression, is influenced by occasion-specific factors, including time of year and the time of day of the recording session as demonstrated recently (Peterson and Harmon-Jones, 2009). The current study examined the influence o...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Velo JR,Stewart JL,Hasler BP,Towers DN,Allen JJ

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Working memory can be enhanced by directing attention to task-relevant representations. Alpha oscillations are a neural correlate of spatial attention either to the perceptual or the mnemonic domain. Specifically, an enhancement of alpha power is observed in the ipsilateral posterior cortex to the locus of attention, ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Macedo-Pascual J,Hinojosa JA,Poch C

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parsing strategies in temporarily ambiguous sentences were investigated in readers with different sentence memory capacities using event-related brain potentials (ERPs). Readers with a high memory span as well as readers with a low memory span were required to read subject and object relative sentences which were eith...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Friederici AD,Steinhauer K,Mecklinger A,Meyer M

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:People with specific animal phobias react with increased autonomic activity when exposed to fear-relevant stimuli. The present study examined whether individuals having a less circumscribed fear (public speaking fear) also react with increased autonomic responses when exposed to fear-relevant i.e. social stimuli. A Hi...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Dimberg U,Fredrikson M,Lundquist O

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Log-transformed EEG power spectral estimates (6-7, 9,10-11,18-22, and 36-44 Hz), obtained from skilled marksmen and novice shooters at sites F3, F4, C3, C4,T3, T4, P3, P4, O1, and O2 during the aiming period (6 s) of a target shooting task for each of 40 trials up to the moment of trigger pull, were contrasted to dete...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Haufler AJ,Spalding TW,Santa Maria DL,Hatfield BD

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research has shown that frontal brain activation, assessed via electroencephalographic (EEG) asymmetry, predicts the post-exercise affective response to exercise among adults. Building on this evidence, the present study investigates the utility of resting cortical asymmetry for explaining variance in the affective re...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Schneider M,Graham D,Grant A,King P,Cooper D

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The functional (i.e., kinematic) aspects of the blink reflex depend on the size of the integrated orbicularis oculi EMG response. Peak amplitude of smoothed rectified EMG is often used as an approximation of integrated EMG. A comparison was made between the outputs of 24 different smoothing filters, correlating peak a...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： van Boxtel A

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biofeedback training of the sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) was carried out in three male and three female adolescent epileptics and in two normal controls. The patients represented a cross-section of epilepsies including grand mal, myoclonic, afocal and psychomotor types. Three of the cases were mentally retarded. 12-14 Hz...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Seifert AR,Lubar JF

更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has been shown to play a role in variety of cognitive and social processes and different hypotheses have been put forth to explain OT's effects on brain and behavior in humans. However, these previous explanatory accounts do not provide information about OT-related temporal mod...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Pehlivanoglu D,Myers E,Ebner NC

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Response to psychological stress can vary based on the extent to which the context is perceived as stressful, especially under different social conditions. The purpose of this preliminary study was to compare physiological stress (cortisol) and regulation (respiratory sinus arrhythmia, RSA) of 10-12 year old children ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Corbett BA,Muscatello RA,Baldinger C

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report deals with a study--carried out among 46 12-17-year-old-boys--of the relationship between: (1) the excretion of waste products of catecholamines (methyladrenaline and methylnoradrenaline) and creatinine, (2) aggressive behaviour in a laboratory setting, and (3) data obtained via a conscience-function quest...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Ekkers CL

更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Between-person variability in pain sensitivity remains poorly understood. Given a conceptualization of pain as a homeostatic emotion, we hypothesized inverse associations between measures of resting heart rate variability (HRV), an index of autonomic regulation of heart rate that has been linked to emotionality, and s...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Appelhans BM,Luecken LJ

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been known that the diameter of human pupil enlarges with increasing effort during the execution of a task. This has been observed not only for purely mechanical effort but also for mental effort, as for example the computation of arithmetic problems with different levels of difficulty. Here we show that p...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Lisi M,Bonato M,Zorzi M

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00