Abstract：
:Granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages represent key effector cells of the innate immune system. While human monocytes have been recognized as capable of secreting a broad spectrum of cytokines, the situation has been less clear in granulocytes with studies often showing conflicting results. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine secretion from polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was analyzed at the single cell level with the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay. This method allowed us to establish the cytokine profiles for both PBMC and PMN based on the frequency and pattern of cytokine secreting cells, rather than on the amount of produced cytokine detectable in solution by ELISA. As a result, low levels of contaminating mononuclear cells present in our PMN preparations could be discriminated from granulocytes. Using this technique, neutrophils were found to secrete the two chemokines, IL-8 and MIP-1beta in response to LPS. Also TNF-alpha was secreted but in lower amounts and by significantly fewer cells. However, and as opposed to several other reports, we were unable to detect secretion of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and GM-CSF. In contrast to the limited cytokine production by PMN, PBMC secreted considerably larger amounts of the investigated cytokines with CD14(+) monocytes being the primary source of production. Finally, we believe that the cytokine ELISpot technique may provide a powerful tool by which cells of the innate immune system can be studied from a functional perspective at the single cell level.
journal_name
J Immunol Methodsjournal_title
Journal of immunological methodsauthors
Smedman C,Gårdlund B,Nihlmark K,Gille-Johnson P,Andersson J,Paulie Sdoi
10.1016/j.jim.2009.04.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-07-31 00:00:00pages
1-8issue
1-2eissn
0022-1759issn
1872-7905pii
S0022-1759(09)00104-5journal_volume
346pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The large scale preparation of two second generation immunotoxins containing murine monoclonal antibodies and deglycosylated ricin A chain is described. The procedure for the preparation of immunotoxins consists of the derivatization of antibody with SMPT and reduction of dgA with DTT followed by their reaction to est...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(91)90110-2
更新日期：1991-09-13 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(89)90115-4
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
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doi：10.1016/0022-1759(95)00115-q
更新日期：1995-09-25 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2012.10.002
更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(85)90151-6
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(93)90368-h
更新日期：1993-12-03 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(84)90284-9
更新日期：1984-04-13 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2003.07.013
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(81)90330-6
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(87)90410-8
更新日期：1987-12-04 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(89)90206-8
更新日期：1989-01-17 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1759(03)00105-4
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2006.02.011
更新日期：2006-05-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0022-1759(99)00176-3
更新日期：1999-12-17 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(84)90187-x
更新日期：1984-05-25 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(96)00010-5
更新日期：1996-05-27 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(95)00040-h
更新日期：1995-06-14 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2004.08.013
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(85)90186-3
更新日期：1985-02-28 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1759(02)00106-0
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2004.10.011
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An anti-cocaine monoclonal antibody (mAb) designated h2E2 will soon enter clinical trials for the treatment of cocaine abuse disorders. Importantly, this antibody selectively binds cocaine and its active metabolite, cocaethylene, with high affinity, while binding inactive metabolites with substantially lower affinitie...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2019.112676
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method is described for isolation of antibody-forming cells with the help of cluster formation. This was achieved by incubating spleen cells from immunized mice with sheep erythrocytes at 37 degrees C. During incubation rabbit-anti-mouse immunoglobulin serum was present in order to facilitate the formation of cluste...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(76)90103-4
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(81)90268-4
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A separation procedure based on Percoll gradient centrifugation is described here that allows enrichment for two main populations of granules, with average densities of 1.05 and 1.1 g/ml. The heavy-density granules, which comprise 5-20% of the total amount of membrane-lytic activity, are morphologically and biochemica...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(89)90179-8
更新日期：1989-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Chinese hamster lymphocyte cultures were supplemented with foetal calf serum (FCS) or hose serum (HS). Addition of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) to cultures supplemented with these sera resulted in a marked increase lymphocyte proliferation. The PHA concentrations necessary for optimal lymphocyte stimulation were much lowe...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(82)90299-x
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The proliferative response of human white cells to stimuli such as foreign histocompatibility antigens or mitogens is traditionally assessed by measuring the amount of [3H]thymidine which the cells can incorporate in culture. In the present paper a new approach is described in which bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) is used ...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(88)90276-1
更新日期：1988-01-21 00:00:00
