Abstract:
:For decades, the options for therapeutic anticoagulation were limited to unfractionated heparin (UFH) and vitamin K antagonists (VKA), and their well-known limitations had to be accepted. With the introduction of the various LMWHs, the short- and medium-term anticoagulation could be much improved, but an alternative to VKA is still missing The heparins provided the proof of concept that FXa and thrombin represent suitable targets for therapeutic anticoagulation. Consequently, the search for new anticoagulants focuses on inhibitors of thrombin (DTI) or FXa (DXI). Apart from the VKA, the anticoagulants presently available or in an advanced stage of development can thus be divided in two classes: One are the glyco-anticoagulants with the natural sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) (UFH, LMWHs, and danaparoid) and the synthetic oligosaccharides (OS) (fondaparinux, idraparinux, and SR123781A). The other class are the xenobiotic anticoagulants, i.e. proteins and synthetic chemical entities. Die glyco-anticoagulants act partially (GAGs) or exclusively (oligosaccharides) by catalysing antithrombin, whereas the xenobiotic anticoagulants are direct inhibitors of either thrombin or FXa. At present, three parenteral DTI (lepirudin, argatroban, and bivalirudin) and since March 2008 one oral DTI (dabigatran etexilate) are clinically used for limited indications. In September 2008 rivaroxaban has been approved as the first oral DXI. This review describes the development of the anticoagualants as well as the pharmacological profile of the clinically used anticoagualants.
journal_name
Hamostaseologiejournal_title
Hamostaseologieauthors
Alban Ssubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-12-01 00:00:00pages
400-20issue
5eissn
0720-9355issn
2567-5761pii
08050400journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
Hamostaseologie文献大全abstract::Nutrient excess in obesity drives metabolic reprogramming in multiple tissues involving extensive interorgan and intercellular crosstalk. Experimental and clinical studies show that prolonged nutrient excess often compromises metabolic adaptation propagating proobesogenic and proinflammatory responses. Chronic inflamm...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0039-1688800
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Replacement therapy of coagulation factor preparations (AT, FFP, PPSB, FXIII, rFVIIa) are frequently used on the Intensive Care Units. Indications, dosage, specific effects and side effects have to be considered. ...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1267/hämo05020209
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:With the development of clotting-factors in the seventies the haemophilia patients were released from being handicapped and began to live a quite normal life. Thus, psychosocial counselling did not seem to be necessary. But the impact of HIV-infection to the world of haemophilia was so intense that professio...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acquired haemophilia A (AHA) is a rare autoimmune disease caused by antibodies directed against clotting factor VIII. About half of cases are idiopathic, but AHA may also be secondary to autoimmune, dermatologic, or oncologic diseases. In approximately 10% of non-idiopathic cases, the disease occurs after or with the ...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0038-1668570
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An understanding of reversal strategies alone is important to safely and effectively care for patients in cases of bleeding or invasive procedures. The recent diversification in the number of licensed anticoagulants makes an understanding of drug-specific reversal strategies essential. Intravenous or oral vitamin K ca...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/a-1113-0557
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet and coagulation factor-dependent thrombus formation is critical to limit posttraumatic blood loss at sites of vascular injury. However, under pathological conditions like rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, it may also lead to vessel occlusion causing myocardial infarction or stroke. Therefore, antithrombot...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::When assessing the quality of clinical trials in intermittent claudication, on principle the same strict biometric and medical standards need to be applied for studies on the effect of walking exercise as for conservative drug treatment studies. However, as demonstrated by a recent review of the Cochrane Collaboration...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Placenta-mediated pregnancy complications are clinically important conditions and include preeclampsia, placental abruption, intrauterine growth restriction, and late fetal loss. Pathophysiology is complex, and may be linked to prothrombotic disorders such as antiphospholipid syndrome, whose understanding is still evo...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/a-1184-8388
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in the diagnosis and the treatment of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) have led to a substantial reduction of major coronary events, to an improvement in patient outcome and the definition of new guidelines. Current strategies for the treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation ACS recommend a combined a...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION: Regular visits at haemophilia treatment centres (HTCs) in rural regions are often dependent on the access to a private car due to lack of or limited availability of public means. Therefore, a mobile haemophilia outpatient care (MHOC) concept providing home visits to haemophilia patients has been developed...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0038-1654721
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the case of a 30-year-old woman with homozygous prothrombin G20210A transition and heterozygous FV Leiden mutation and a history of postpartum venous thrombosis. Despite the high thrombotic risk to be assumed in the presence of this combined thrombophilia our patient suffered her first venous thrombotic ev...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the last decades, anticoagulation for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) as well as for the prophylaxis and long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism has been entirely based on vitamin K antagonists (VKA). Although very effective under optimal conditions, long-term treatment with these drugs is flaw...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.5482/ha-12050008
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:A protein Z deficiency is presumably related with a threefold risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. Mucosal bleedings and post-operative haematomas can occur more frequently. This is seen in an increased in vivo bleeding time without other plasmatic coagulation disorders or thrombopathies. Pregnancy compli...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dabigatran is a novel direct thrombin inhibitor that has recently been approved for primary and secondary stroke prevention and prevention of systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. In the pivotal RE-LY study, dabigatran 110 mg BID was demonstrated to be associated with a stroke rate similar to that ob...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5482/ha-1196
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylation, CpG island, promoter, intron 1 Haemophilia A is the most common X-linked inherited coagulation disorder caused by a deficiency of the factor VIII protein (FVIII). A plethora of different mutations in the factor VIII gene (F8) have been identified as causative for this bleeding disease including a few prom...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the current understanding of the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome and how these concepts have altered our clinical approach to the acute phase of coronary heart disease. Thrombosis due to erosion or, in most cases, rupture of a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque underlies most acute coron...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) is indicated for metastatic renal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Over recent years low-dose rIL-2 has been studied for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and acute coronary syndrome because of its ability to expand and activate T regulatory (Treg) cells. However, several medical condi...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/a-1120-4064
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The structure-activity relationship of dipetalogastin II, the strongest thrombin inhibitor isolated and cloned from the bug Dipetalogaster maximus, was examined by introducing gradual changes into the molecule by means of molecular biological methods. The effect upon its inhibition equilibrium constant was determined ...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1267/hämo05030267
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is defined by the association of arterial and/or venous thrombosis and/or pregnancy complications with the presence of at least one among the main antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) (i. e., Lupus anticoagulants, LA, IgG and/or IgM anticardiolipin antibodies, aCL, IgG and/or IgM antiβ...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.5482/ha-1165
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients suffering from haemophilia encounter various phases in life, in which individual needs, life situations, and self- and disease perception change rapidly. One of these phases spans from the beginning of puberty until early adulthood, in which individuals gain self-responsibility and reach independence and auto...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0039-3402804
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Venous thromboembolism is a chronic and potential fatal disease. Determination of recurrence risk is time-consuming and costly, and sometimes not feasible: many patients carry more than one risk factor, the relevance of some factors with regard to risk of recurrence is unknown, and existence of thus far unknown risk f...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet number or function disorders cause a range of bleeding symptoms from mild to severe. Patients with platelet dysfunction but normal platelet number are the most prevalent and typically have mild bleeding symptoms. The study of this group of patients is particularly difficult because of the lack of a gold-stand...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activated by calcium and thrombin, factor XIII (FXIIIa) cross-links fibrin, thus increasing the stability of the fibrin clot. Furthermore, the hemostatic and reparative function of factor XIIIa is mediated by cross-linking other proteins like alpha(2)-plasmin-inhibitor, fibronectin, and collagen. The FXIII Val34Leu po...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nearly every second patient, who needs an oral anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists, is feasible to perform INR-self-management after participation in a structured teaching program. Patient self-testing or measuring the INR value by relatives or nurses would increase this method of control by the aid of telemedi...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is known for its marked heterogeneity which was already recognized by von Willebrand in 1926. The basis of phenotypic differentiation are quantitative and qualitative or functional differences between the different types and subtypes of VWD. One of the most important tools in the classific...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1267/hamo04010027
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The doses of these drugs are barely tested and the potential clinical thromboembolic risk must be taken into account. Despite the widespread use of NOAC (non vitamin-K dependent oral anticoagulants) and recommendations of regulatory agencies and first consensus meeting on handling the bleeding situation unde...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An overview is given on congenital and acquired thrombocytopenias, their pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis and therapy with emphasizing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and the thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). ...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haemophilic arthropathy is a complex multifactorial disorder that poses significant challenges to both the treating haematologist and arthroplasty surgeon. Its pathogenesis is incompletely understood. Recent literature has concentrated on the toxic effects of iron and the characteristic inflammatory synovitis. Discuss...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5482/HAMO-15-12-0033
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This case report concerns a pregnant multipara (age: 27 years) in the 16th gestational week. She developed a sudden onset of paraesthesia in her left lower arm although injecting dalteparin 5000 IU once daily subcutaneously (s. c.) due to a heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation and a prior miscarriage in the first pre...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5482/HAMO-14-03-0022
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) is a common disease, characterized by an inflammatory-thrombotic process in a superficial vein. Typical clinical findings are pain and a warm, tender, reddish cord along the vein. Until recently, no reliable epidemiological data were available. The incidence is estimated to be higher ...
journal_title:Hamostaseologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5482/HAMO-13-04-0027
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00