Adaptation of pedaling rate of professional cyclist in mountain passes.

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a fatigue-inducing bout of submaximal, intermittent isometric contractions on the electromechanical delay (EMD) of the leg extensors and flexors in young and old men. METHODS:Twenty young (mean ± SD: age = 25 ± 2.8 years) and sixteen old (age = 70.8 ±...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Conchola EC,Thompson BJ,Smith DB

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of the present study was to understand the role of central (cardiovascular O2 delivery) and peripheral factors (muscle level) in limiting the maximal aerobic performance in obese (OB) subjects. METHODS:Fifteen OB (mean age ± SD 25 ± 7 years; BMI 43 ± 7 kg/m2) and 13 lean sedentary subjects (CTRL, age 2...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Vaccari F,Floreani M,Tringali G,De Micheli R,Sartorio A,Lazzer S

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early effects of a resistance training program include neural adaptations at multiple levels of the neuraxis, but direct evidence of central changes is lacking. Plasticity exhibited by multiple supraspinal centers following training may alter slow negative electroencephalographic activity, referred to as movement-rela...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Falvo MJ,Sirevaag EJ,Rohrbaugh JW,Earhart GM

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cooling of a muscle has a detrimental effect on its force, power and contraction velocity, but may improve force control during precision movements by reducing physiological tremor. We investigated if the contractile characteristics of the first dorsal interosseus muscle (FDI) were linked to voluntary force control in...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Geurts C,Sleivert GG,Cheung SS

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:It was hypothesized that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) would exhibit a slow muscle deoxygenation (HHb) recovery time when compared with sedentary controls. METHODS:Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES 40 and 50 mA, 50 Hz, 400 µs) was employed to induce isometric contraction o...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Azevedo Dde P,Medeiros WM,de Freitas FF,Ferreira Amorim C,Gimenes AC,Neder JA,Chiavegato LD

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to determine whether men and women display a different magnitude of muscle fatigue in response to high-load (HL) and low-load blood flow-restricted (LLBFR) elbow-flexion exercise. We also explored to which extent both exercise protocols induce similar levels of muscle fatigue (i.e., torque decr...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Mendonca GV,Borges A,Teodósio C,Matos P,Correia J,Vila-Chã C,Mil-Homens P,Pezarat-Correia P

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute physical exercise may affect cardiac autonomic modulation hours or even days during the recovery phase. Although sleep is an essential recovery period, the information on nocturnal autonomic modulation indicated by heart rate variability (HRV) after different exercises is mostly lacking. Therefore, this study in...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Myllymäki T,Rusko H,Syväoja H,Juuti T,Kinnunen ML,Kyröläinen H

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:We have argued that breathing 40 % O2 attenuates exercise hyperaemia by decreasing production of O2-dependent vasodilators. However, breathing 100 % O2 attenuated endothelium-dependent vasodilatation evoked by acetylcholine and this effect was prevented by vitamin C, implicating reactive oxygen species (ROS). W...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Caruana H,Marshall JM

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fatmax and lactate increase above baseline (LIAB) were measured in 11 adolescent girls and 8 adolescent boys during incremental cycling. Fatmax was the exercise intensity at the point of maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO). The LIAB was the exercise intensity coincident with a sustained increase in blood (lactate) above ...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Tolfrey K,Jeukendrup AE,Batterham AM

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A plateau in oxygen consumption (VO(2)) has long been considered the criterion for maximal effort during an incremental exercise test. But, surprisingly, the termination of a maximum exercise test often occurs in the absence of a VO(2) plateau. To explain this inconsistency, some have proposed that an oxygen limitatio...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Doherty M,Nobbs L,Noakes TD

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine the effects of low carbohydrate (CHO) availability on heart rate variability (HRV) responses during moderate and severe exercise intensities until exhaustion. Six healthy males (age, 26.5 +/- 6.7 years; body mass, 78.4 +/- 7.7 kg; body fat %, 11.3 +/- 4.5%; V(O)(2)(max) 39.5 +/- 6....

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Lima-Silva AE,Bertuzzi RC,Pires FO,Fronchetti L,Gevaerd MS,De-Oliveira FR

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Muscular strength is suggested to be dependent upon muscle characteristics. Yet, sex-specific relationships of muscle characteristics to strength in the resistance-trained require investigation. Therefore, the purpose was to evaluate sex differences in muscle characteristics and isometric strength in the elbow ...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Merrigan JJ,White JB,Hu YE,Stone JD,Oliver JM,Jones MT

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A routine method to determine total haemoglobin mass (tHb) in clinical practice and sports medicine is non-existent. Radioactive tracers or other dilution procedures like the common CO-rebreathing method (Proc(com)) are impractical, the latter in particular because of the relatively long time of respiration. According...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Schmidt W,Prommer N

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of acute exercise in hypoxia on flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). Eight males participated in this study. Two maximal exercise tests were performed using arm cycle ergometry to estimate peak oxygen uptake [Formula: see text] while breathing normoxic [inspired O(2) fr...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Katayama K,Fujita O,Iemitsu M,Kawano H,Iwamoto E,Saito M,Ishida K

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study compared responses to static stretching between eccentrically damaged and non-damaged muscles. METHODS:Twelve young men performed 60 maximum knee flexor eccentric contractions of one leg, and received a 300-s continuous passive static stretching at tolerable intensity without pain to both knee flexo...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Matsuo S,Suzuki S,Iwata M,Hatano G,Nosaka K

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, circulatory markers of GI permeability, damage, and markers of immune response during a marathon race. METHODS:Twenty-four recreational runners were randomly assigned to either supplement with a probiotic (PRO) capsule [25 ...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Pugh JN,Sparks AS,Doran DA,Fleming SC,Langan-Evans C,Kirk B,Fearn R,Morton JP,Close GL

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Knowledge about energy requirements during exercises seems necessary to develop training concepts in combat sport Karate. It is a commonly held view that the anaerobic lactic energy metabolism plays a key role, but this assumption could not be confirmed so far. The metabolic cost and fractional energy supply of basic ...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Bussweiler J,Hartmann U

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We aimed to analyze the association between changes in total and regional fat (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) over a season with resting (REE) and total energy expenditure (TEE) in elite basketball players. At the beginning of the pre-season and at the final of the competitive period, measures of total and regional FM, F...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Silva AM,Santos DA,Matias CN,Rocha PM,Petroski EL,Minderico CS,Sardinha LB

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This case study reports the results of a 6-year (2005-2010) follow-up study of a world-class rowing crew, the current world champions. The rowers were 15-16 years old and prospective competitors at the junior level when the study began in 2005, and we monitored their physical, physiological, and rowing ergometer perfo...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Mikulic P

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of acute dynamic resistance exercise on resting blood pressure (BP) and on endothelial function of vascular bed of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hemodynamic measurements were performed before and after acute dynamic resistance exercise in conscious animals. Aft...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Faria Tde O,Targueta GP,Angeli JK,Almeida EA,Stefanon I,Vassallo DV,Lizardo JH

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of mechanisms have been proposed to explain the elevation in oxygen consumption following exercise. Biochemical processes that return muscle to its pre-exercise state do not account for all of the extra oxygen consumed after exercise (excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, EPOC). Muscle at rest after aerobi...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： McKay WP,Chilibeck PD,Daku BL

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty healthy women aged between 65 and 74 years, trained three times a week, for 16 weeks, on a cycle ergometer, to determine the effects of dynamic resistance training on heart rate variability (HRV). Subjects were allocated to two training groups, high (HI, n=10) and low (LO, n=10) intensity. The HI group performe...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Forte R,De Vito G,Figura F

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the influence of prior endurance exercise on hormonal responses to subsequent resistance exercise. Ten males exercised on a cycle ergometer at 50% of maximal oxygen uptake for 60 min and subsequently completed a resistance exercise (bench and leg press, four sets at ten repetitions maximum with an ...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Goto K,Higashiyama M,Ishii N,Takamatsu K

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:In cross-country sit-skiing (XCSS), athletes with reduced trunk control predominantly sit with the knees higher than the hips (KH); a position often associated with large spinal flexion. Therefore, to improve spinal curvature a new sledge with frontal trunk support, where knees are lower than hips (KL) was crea...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Lund Ohlsson M,Laaksonen MS

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To examine sex- and menstrual cycle-related differences in thermoregulatory responses to heat exposure, ten young women and six young men were heated passively by immersing their legs in water heated to 42 degrees C for 60 min (in ambient conditions of 30 degrees C and 45% relative humidity). The women underwent heat ...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Inoue Y,Tanaka Y,Omori K,Kuwahara T,Ogura Y,Ueda H

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Branched chain amino acids (BCAA), particularly leucine, have been suggested to be ergogenic for both endurance and strength/power performance. This study investigated the effects of dietary leucine supplementation on the exercise performance of outrigger canoeists. Thirteen (ten female, three male) competitive outrig...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Crowe MJ,Weatherson JN,Bowden BF

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study compared two ankle-mounted pedometers [StepWatch 3 (SW-3(Ankle)) and Activity Monitoring Pod 331 (AMP(Ankle))] and two waist-mounted pedometers [New Lifestyles NL-2000 (NL(Waist)) and Digiwalker SW-701 (SW-701(Waist))] under controlled and free-living conditions. In part I, 20 participants walked on a tread...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Karabulut M,Crouter SE,Bassett DR Jr

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In rodents, endurance training increases leptin sensitivity in skeletal muscle; however, little is known about the effects of exercise on the leptin signalling system in human skeletal muscle. Thus, to determine whether chronic muscle loading increases leptin receptor (OB-R170) protein expression, body composition dua...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Olmedillas H,Sanchis-Moysi J,Fuentes T,Guadalupe-Grau A,Ponce-González JG,Morales-Alamo D,Santana A,Dorado C,Calbet JA,Guerra B

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a submaximal aerobic exercise bout on adiponectin and resistin levels as well as insulin sensitivity, until 48 h post-exercise in healthy overweight males. Nine subjects performed an exercise bout at an intensity corresponding to approximately 65% of their ma...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Jamurtas AZ,Theocharis V,Koukoulis G,Stakias N,Fatouros IG,Kouretas D,Koutedakis Y

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While there is some controversy whether anaerobic capacity might be improved after altitude training little is known about changes in anaerobic capacity during hypoxic exposure in highly trained athletes. In order to analyze the effects of acute moderate normobaric hypoxia on anaerobic capacity, 18 male competitive tr...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Friedmann B,Frese F,Menold E,Bärtsch P

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00