Abstract:
:Conventional treatment of respiratory failure involves positive pressure ventilation with high concentrations of inspired oxygen. If adequate gas exchange still cannot be achieved extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) may be an option. The general indication for ECMO for respiratory insufficiency is a reversible pulmonary disease, which cannot be managed by conventional means. ECMO is a modified heart-lung machine. Blood is withdrawn from a central vein in the patient and pumped through an artificial oxygenator back to the patient, either to a central artery (veno-arterial ECMO) or to a central vein (veno-venous ECMO). Total gas exchange can be achieved through the extracorporeal system, and the lungs do not have to be subjected to high-pressure ventilation. To date over 21,500 neonates have been treated with ECMO with an overall survival to hospital discharge of 76%. Meconium aspiration syndrome carries the highest survival (94%), whereas congenital diaphragmatic hernia on ECMO only has a survival of 52%. A total of 3500 pediatric patients (30 days to 18 years) have been treated with ECMO with a survival of 56%. Aspiration and viral pneumonia are the pediatric diagnoses with the highest survival rates. Randomized controlled studies have shown a significant advantage of ECMO with regard to survival in neonates. In the pediatric age group, nonrandomized studies have shown lower mortality in ECMO-treated patients.
journal_name
Semin Pediatr Surgjournal_title
Seminars in pediatric surgeryauthors
Frenckner B,Radell Pdoi
10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2007.10.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-02-01 00:00:00pages
34-41issue
1eissn
1055-8586issn
1532-9453pii
S1055-8586(07)00071-6journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The management of conjoined twins falls into three distinct groups-non-operative, emergency separation and elective separation. Planning meetings involving all the personnel who will be required during the operation are held. The radiological findings are presented and the anaesthetic, nursing and intensive care requi...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2015.06.004
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity affects 50% of adults and 18% of children in the USA. It has wide-ranging comorbidities with clinical, psychosocial, and economic ramifications. Obesity refers to a condition of excess body fat. The basis for weight gain is a fundamental imbalance between caloric intake and output, but individual variation bas...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2009.04.008
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most children with short bowel syndrome experience spontaneous small bowel adaptation over time. This allows the majority to be weaned from parenteral nutrition. There are, however, some children who cannot be weaned and are potential candidates for techniques to promote intestinal adaptation and intestinal lengthenin...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/spsu.2001.22855
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in molecular biological techniques have increased our capability to distinguish the small differences in gene expression between subpopulations of cells found within specific tissues or tumor isolates. We use subtractive hybridization or subtractive cloning to generate information regarding genes that ...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Management of overgrowth syndromes with complex vascular anomalies is challenging. Careful analysis of the various clinical features by an interdisciplinary team of physicians experienced in this field is paramount to proper diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In this article, we focus on the spectrum of the clinic...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2014.06.013
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The outcome for children with congenital enteropathies or massive surgical resections has improved significantly over the past two decades. Advances in understanding of the pathophysiology of intractable diarrhea and of the mutations causing many of the congenital enteropathies have enabled initiation of preventive me...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2009.11.003
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence and prevalence of childhood-onset inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including subtypes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, have risen dramatically in recent years, and have emerged globally as important pediatric chronic diseases. Therefore, health care providers are more frequently encountering ver...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2017.10.010
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pediatric heart transplantation has undergone major changes over the past two decades, marked by a substantial improvement in survival, reduction in posttransplant complications, and enhancement in quality of life for transplant recipients. Actuarial survival has improved substantially in the last decade. Indications ...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2006.03.011
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The field of intestinal transplantation has experienced dramatic growth since the first reported cases 3 decades ago. Improvements in operative technique, donor assessment and immunosuppressive protocols have afforded children who suffer from life-threatening complications of intestinal failure a chance at long-term s...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2017.07.007
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Focal developmental malformations of the lung are a heterogeneous group of lesions that display a variety of features. They often are thought to be quite distinct entities, but there is considerable overlap among these lesions. Both standard nomenclature and common usage do not identify clearly the components of these...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/spsu.2003.00001
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helicobacter pylori (Hp) was discovered in 1982 by the Australians Robin Warren and Barry Marshall. Initially rejected by a skeptical scientific community, it has since gained worldwide recognition as a clinically significant bacterium. The incidence of colonization with Hp increases with age, affecting approximately ...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sternal clefts, ectopia cordis, and Cantrell's pentalogy continue to be very rare congenital anomalies in pediatric surgery. Unfortunately, these conditions present as neonatal emergencies and demand early surgical intervention. This article reviews the embryological development of the chest wall, specific sternal def...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2008.03.004
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The optimal surgical care of patients with imperforate anus begins with appropriate decision making in the critical newborn period. In most cases the decision to create a colostomy should be delayed until the infant is 18 to 24 hours old. Except in cases of a rectoperineal fistula, most neonates are best treated with ...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neurologically or immunologically impaired child suspected of having an acute abdomen presents a formidable challenge. However, a thorough understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of the disease on the normal host response to an intraabdominal disease permits early recognition and initiation of treatment. C...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pediatric interventional radiology offers new treatment options not possible a few years ago. Interventional radiologists treat not only certain causes of hemorrhage but also symptomatic arteriovenous malformations, renovascular hypertension, and portal hypertension. Interventionalists help maintain liver and renal tr...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hirschsprung disease affects many children every year around the world. Currently, there is an extensive menu of diagnostic methods, and surgical treatments. This situation compels the physicians to follow the rationale of these interventions. The comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of Hirschsprung disease need sing...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2019.04.013
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nutritional management of infants and children differs from that of adults because of the extra requirements for growth and the limitations of physiological immaturity. Although parenteral nutrition (PN) is an accepted practice and a potentially life-saving therapy for pediatric patients who cannot be fed through thei...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colorectal disease profiles for children in low- and middle-income settings (LMIC) are characterized by late presentation, increased complications and limited follow-up in many cases. There is a high prevalence of infectious conditions causing secondary colorectal disease such as Mycobacterium Tuberculosis(TB), Human ...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2020.150989
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blunt cerebrovascular injury in children is an uncommon occurrence that if missed and left untreated can result in devastating long-term neurologic consequences. Diagnosis can be readily obtained by a computed tomographic angiogram of the head and neck. If confirmed, treatment with antithrombotic therapy dramatically ...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2017.01.003
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The care provided in the postanesthesia recovery unit has become much more sophisticated in recent years. We address what type of care should be provided and what equipment is required to provide such care in the present day pediatric postanesthesia care unit. In this regard a wide variety of potential postanesthetic ...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasitic infestation is common in developing countries especially in Africa. Children are often more vulnerable to these infections. Many health problems result from these infestations, including malnutrition, iron-deficiency anemia, surgical morbidities, and even impaired cognitive function and educational achieveme...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2012.01.009
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pediatric trauma is usually a nonoperative experience for the pediatric general surgeon. The pediatric trauma surgeon resuscitates the child and then evaluates and triages the identified injuries. A common diagnostic tool is the computed tomography (CT) scan. Most children who require evaluation for significant trauma...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2010.06.004
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article is designed to help the nonradiologist to form a logical imaging plan when presented with a diagnostic dilemma involving the pelvis of a young female. Common presenting problems are grouped under the categories of fetus, neonate and infant, child, and adolescent. Ultrasound is frequently the initial, and ...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1055-8586(98)70008-3
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital obstructive uropathy is a relatively common developmental malformation, and severely affected fetuses die soon after birth from oligohydramnios-induced pulmonary hypoplasia or renal failure. Prenatal ultrasonography can reliably diagnose the specific anatomic defect, and using fetal urine sampling we can de...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fallopian tubes are the essential genital ducts that convey the female sex cells for fertilization. They are differentiated and detectable early in fetal life. There are numerous paratubal and tubal abnormalities that can occur at any point in the female life. Some of these are rare but may initiate significant mo...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2005.01.009
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An examination of and recommendations regarding the approval process for medical devices are presented. The typical pathways and hurdles laid out by the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are discussed, and options for marketing and use of medical devices are addressed. The first step in the regulatory process...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2006.07.009
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene transfer to the tracheobronchial tree has been an active area of investigation since the discovery of the genetic defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator over two decades ago. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal monogeneic disorder for which there is no cure short of lung tran...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2003.09.007
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central venous catheters (CVC) are commonplace in the management of critically ill patients and serve a variety of purposes. Venous access is important for the administration of fluid and medications as well as blood procurement needed for lab analyses. However, not every critically ill patient requires a CVC. This ar...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2019.01.005
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional surgical attitude regarding error and complications has focused on individual failings. Human factors research has brought new and significant insights into the occurrence of error in healthcare, helping us identify systemic problems that injure patients while enhancing individual accountability and teamwo...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2015.08.003
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hirschsprung (HSCR) disease is a relatively common neonatal developmental disorder of the enteric nervous system and is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the distal intestine. This results in absent peristalsis in the affected bowel, and the development of a fun...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2004.10.027
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00