Abstract:
:The control of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) germination by plant hormones was studied by comparing fruits and seeds. Treatment of sugar beet fruits and seeds with gibberellins, brassinosteroids, auxins, cytokinins, and jasmonates or corresponding hormone biosynthesis inhibitors did not appreciably affect radicle emergence of fruits or seeds. By contrast, treatment with ethylene or the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) promoted radicle emergence of fruits and seeds. Abscisic acid (ABA) acted as an antagonist of ethylene and inhibited radicle emergence of seeds, but not appreciably of fruits. High endogenous contents of ACC and of ABA were evident in seeds and pericarps of dry mature fruits, but declined early during imbibition. ABA-treatment of seeds and fruits induced seed ACC accumulation while ACC-treatment did not affect the seed ABA content. Transcripts of ACC oxidase (ACO, ethylene-forming enzyme) and ABA 8'-hydroxylase (CYP707A, ABA-degrading enzyme) accumulate in fruits and seeds upon imbibition. ABA and ACC and the pericarp did not affect the seed CYP707A transcript levels. By contrast, seed ACO transcript accumulation was promoted by ABA and by pericarp removal, but not by ACC. Quantification of the endogenous ABA and ACC contents, ABA and ACC leaching, and ethylene evolution, demonstrate that an embryo-mediated active ABA extrusion system is involved in keeping the endogenous seed ABA content low by 'active ABA leaching', while the pericarp restricts ACC leaching during imbibition. Sugar beet radicle emergence appears to be controlled by the pericarp, by ABA and ACC leaching, and by an ABA-ethylene antagonism that affects ACC biosynthesis and ACO gene expression.
journal_name
J Exp Botjournal_title
Journal of experimental botanyauthors
Hermann K,Meinhard J,Dobrev P,Linkies A,Pesek B,Hess B,Machácková I,Fischer U,Leubner-Metzger Gdoi
10.1093/jxb/erm162subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
3047-60issue
11eissn
0022-0957issn
1460-2431pii
erm162journal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章abstract::At present and more so in the future, irrigated agriculture will take place under water scarcity. Insufficient water supply for irrigation will be the norm rather than the exception, and irrigation management will shift from emphasizing production per unit area towards maximizing the production per unit of water consu...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erl165
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Arabidopsis thaliana, the endogenous danger peptides, AtPeps, have been associated with plant defences reminiscent of those induced in pattern-triggered immunity. AtPeps are perceived by two homologous receptor kinases, PEPR1 and PEPR2, and are encoded in the C termini of the PROPEP precursors. Here, we report that...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ert330
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transient kinetics of net H+, K+, Ca2+, and Cl- fluxes were measured non-invasively, using an ion-selective microelectrode technique, for bean (Vicia faba L.) leaf mesophyll in response to 150 mM mannitol treatment. In a parallel set of experiments, changes in the plasma membrane potential and the total proline conten...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cultivars of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown to maturity in hydroponic cultures. Nitrogen accumulation was controlled by daily growth-limiting additions of nitrate together with all other nutrients in excess. Six different curves of N accumulation were used, with the same relative changes from day t...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jexbot/51.352.1921
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inefficient use of phosphorus (P) in agriculture adds to production costs, increases the risk of eutrophication of waterways, and contributes to the rapid depletion of the world's non-renewable rock phosphate supplies. The removal of large quantities of P from fields in harvested grains is a major driver in the global...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/erv517
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic basis of stem cell specification in somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis is still obscure. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SERK) genes are involved in embryogenesis and organogenesis in numerous species. In vitro culture of Cyclamen persicum immature ovules provides a system for investigatin...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/err295
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wounding of plants leads to endogenous rise of jasmonic acid (JA) accompanied with the expression of a distinct set of genes. Among them are those coding for the allene oxide cyclase (AOC) that catalyses a regulatory step in JA biosynthesis, and for 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase 2 (DXS2), an enzyme involved ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ern145
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study assesses light-induced variations in phenolic compounds in leaves of saplings of two co-occurring temperate species (Acer platanoides L., and Fraxinus excelsior L.) along a light gradient using a new non-invasive optical method (Dualex). The Dualex-derived UV absorbance of leaf epidermis (the sum of ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erm030
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increasing occurrence of heatwaves has intensified temperature stress on terrestrial vegetation. Here, we investigate how two contrasting isoprene-emitting tropical species, Ficus benjamina and Pachira aquatica, cope with heat stress and assess the role of internal plant carbon sources for isoprene biosynthesis in...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erz353
更新日期:2019-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Realistic experimental protocols to screen for drought adaptation in controlled conditions are crucial if high throughput phenotyping is to be used for the identification of high performance lines, and is especially important in the evaluation of transgenes where stringent biosecurity measures restrict the frequency o...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/err385
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to screen for putative candidate genes linked to tomato fruit weight and to sugar or acid content, genes and QTLs involved in fruit size and composition were mapped. Genes were selected among EST clones in the TIGR tomato EST database (http://www.tigr.org/tdb/tgi/lgi/) or corresponded to genes preferentially ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erh207
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the Arabidopsis thaliana genome, over 1000 putative genes encoding small, presumably secreted, signalling peptides can be recognized. However, a major obstacle in identifying the function of genes encoding small signalling peptides is the limited number of available loss-of-function mutants. To overcome this, a pro...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erv284
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Arabidopsis thaliana ascorbate-deficient vtc-1 mutant has only 30% ascorbate contents of the wild type (WT). This ascorbate-deficient mutant was used here to study the physiological roles of ascorbate under salt stress in vivo. Salt stress resulted in a more significant decrease in CO2 assimilatory capacity in the...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eri301
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chilling injury (CI) symptoms in avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruit, expressed as mesocarp discoloration, were found to be associated with embryo growth and ethylene production during cold storage. In cvs Ettinger and Arad most mesocarp discoloration was located close to the base of the seed and was induced by eth...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ern328
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of increasing light and of a heterologous bHLH transcription factor on the accumulation of condensed tannins (CT) were investigated in leaves of Lotus corniculatus, a model legume species which accumulates these secondary metabolites in leaves as well as reproductive tissues. Light and expression of the tr...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eri101
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anthocyanin production is a characteristic response of flowering plants to unfavourable environmental conditions. The potential roles of flavonoids and anthocyanins in plant growth were investigated by growing Arabidopsis thaliana anthocyanin production mutants (transparent testa) under limiting nitrogen and high ligh...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ers328
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although several per cent of net carbon assimilation can be re-released as isoprene emissions to the atmosphere by many tropical plants, much uncertainty remains regarding its biological significance. In a previous study, we detected emissions of isoprene and its oxidation products methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methac...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ert202
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::One crucial problem that plants faced during their evolution, particularly during the transition to growth on land, was how to transport water, nutrients, metabolites, and small signaling molecules within a large, multicellular body. As a solution to this problem, land plants developed specific tissues for conducting ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/erw473
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Root herbivores are important ecosystem drivers and agricultural pests, and, possibly as a consequence, plants protect their roots using a variety of defensive strategies. One aspect that distinguishes belowground from aboveground plant-insect interactions is that roots are constantly exposed to a set of soil-specific...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/ert007
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental factors alter the impacts of parasitic plants on their hosts. However, there have been no controlled studies on how water availability modulates stem hemiparasites' effects on hosts. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to investigate the association between the Australian native stem hemiparasite Cassy...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erv548
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heterotrimeric G-proteins have been implicated in having a role in many plant signalling pathways. To understand further the role of G-proteins, a preliminary experiment was performed to assess the impact of the G alpha subunit loss-of-function mutation gpa1-1 on the Arabidopsis transcriptome. The analysis indicated t...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erp060
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many stresses are associated with increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and polyamines (PAs). PAs act as ROS scavengers, but export of putrescine and/or PAs to the apoplast and their catabolization by amine oxidases gives rise to H2O2 and other ROS, including hydroxyl radicals ((•)OH). PA catabolizat...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/ert423
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant species capable of hyper-accumulating heavy metals are of considerable interest for phytoremediation, and differ in their ability to accumulate metals from the environment. This work aims to examine (i) arsenic accumulation in three fern species [Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata L.), slender brake fern (Pteris...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eri134
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant root rhizosphere interactions with mutualistic microbes are diverse and numerous, having evolved over time in response to selective pressures on plants to attain anchorage and nutrients. These relationships can be considered to be formed through a combination of architectural connections: molecular architecture ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/erv038
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In maize, water stress at flowering causes loss of kernel set and productivity. While changes in the levels of sugars and abscisic acid (ABA) are thought to play a role in this stress response, the mechanistic basis and genes involved are not known. A candidate gene approach was used with association mapping to identi...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq308
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enzymes that reduce the aldehyde chemical grouping (i.e. H-C=O) to its corresponding alcohol are probably crucial in maintaining plant health during stress. Succinic semialdehyde (SSA) is a mitochondrially-generated intermediate in the metabolism of gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA), which accumulates in response to a variet...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ern122
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The response of stomata to many environmental factors is well documented. Multiple signalling pathways for abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure have been proposed over the last decades. However, it seems that exposure of a leaf for a long time (several days) to some environmental conditions generates a sort of...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/ert192
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The history of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) improvement includes genetic bottlenecks, wild species introgressions, and divergence into distinct market classes. This history makes tomato an excellent model to investigate the effects of selection on genome variation. A combination of linkage mapping in two F(2) popu...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq367
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Woolliness is a physiological disorder of peaches and nectarines that becomes apparent when fruit are ripened after prolonged periods of cold storage. This disorder is of commercial importance since shipping of peaches to distant markets and storage before selling require low temperature. However, knowledge about the ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ern069
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because it has a high demand for sulphur (S), oilseed rape is particularly sensitive to S limitation. However, the physiological effects of S limitation remain unclear, especially during the rosette stage. For this reason a study was conducted to determine the effects of mineral S limitation on nitrogen (N) and S upta...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq096
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00