Abstract：
:As part of the Forensic Ear Identification (FearID) research project, which aims to obtain estimators for the strength of evidence of earmarks found on crime scenes, a large database of earprints (over 1200 donors) has been collected. Starting from a knowledge-based approach where experts add anatomical annotations of minutiae and landmarks present in prints, comparison of pairs of prints is done using the method of Vector Template Matching (VTM). As the annotation process is subjective, a validation experiment was performed to study its stability. Comparing prints on the basis of VTM, it appears that there are interoperator effects, individual operators yielding significantly more consistent results when annotating prints than different operators. The operators being well trained and educated, the observed variation on both clicking frequency and choice of annotation points suggests that implementation of the above is not the best way to go about objectifying earprint comparison. Processes like the above are relevant for any forensic science dealing with identification (e.g., of glass, tool marks, fibers, faces, fingers, handwriting, speakers) where manual (nonautomated) processes play a role. In these cases, results may be operator dependent and the dependencies need to be studied.
journal_name
J Forensic Scijournal_title
Journal of forensic sciencesauthors
Alberink IB,Ruifrok AC,Kieckhoefer Hdoi
10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00253.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-11-01 00:00:00pages
1246-54issue
6eissn
0022-1198issn
1556-4029pii
JFO253journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract：:Hunting gazelle is an offense according to Israeli law. When comparative isoelectric focusing was performed on bloodstains made from gazelle, goat, sheep, and cow blood, the pattern obtained from gazelle hemoglobin differed from those of the other animals tested. The use of this difference in hemoglobin pattern is sug...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Additional studies were performed with respect to examining the lower limits at which canines can reliably detect products commonly used as accelerants and distinguish them from pyrolysis products or background hydrocarbons. As part of a testing exercise performed in conjunction with a national conference of the Canin...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were performed to determine the extent of cross-contamination of DNA resulting from secondary transfer due to fingerprint brushes used on multiple items of evidence. Analysis of both standard and low copy number (LCN) STR was performed. Two different procedures were used to enhance sensitivity, post-PCR cl...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.12911
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Short tandem repeat (STR) loci represent a rich source of highly polymorphic markers in the human genome which are useful for the purposes of forensic identification and determination of biological relatedness of individuals. Here, as a part of an ongoing extensive study, we report the analysis of a multilocus genotyp...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hip bone is considered to be one of the most reliable indicators in sex determination. The aim of this study was to test the reliability of the DSP method for the hip bone proposed by Murail et al. (Bull Mem Soc Anthropol Paris, 17, 2005, 167) on a sample from a present-day population in France (52 males and 54 fe...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.12817
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) poisonings are classically reported in occupational settings. We describe an unusual domestic case of fatal acute poisoning by H(2)S inhalation. A mother and her infant daughter were found dead in the kitchen of their home. The emergency medical team described a strong smell of rotten eggs, su...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.12015
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last 15 years, the US Supreme Court has implemented major changes concerning the admittance of expert testimony. In 1993, Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals superseded the Frye ruling in federal courts and established judges, not the scientific community, as the gatekeepers regarding the credibility of scie...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00771.x
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentrations of antimony, copper, tin, arsenic, silver, bismuth, and cadmium in lead alloys produced by two smelters and one ammunition manufacturer were determined using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. These element concentrations were used to measure the variations in composition of le...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forensic DNA interpretation is transitioning from manual interpretation based usually on binary decision-making toward computer-based systems that model the probability of the profile given different explanations for it, termed probabilistic genotyping (PG). Decision-making by laboratories to implement probability-bas...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.13898
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case is reported in which radiographic comparison of a clavicle was used to establish the identification of a civilian missing from the Vietnam conflict. While the use of radiographic comparison of skeletal features is not a newly developed technique for personal identification purposes, this case outlines a unique ...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sevoflurane concentrations in blood, brain, and lung were measured in an individual apparently dying from sevoflurane inhalation. Sevoflurane is a volatile nonflammable fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether inhaled anesthetic, chemically related to desflurane and isoflurane. The incidence of abuse of sevoflurane is lower...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00556.x
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In cases where there is limited antemortem information, the examination of unidentified human remains as part of the investigation of long-term missing person's cases is a complex endeavor and consequently requires a multidisciplinary approach. Bomb pulse dating, which involves the analysis and interpretation of 14C c...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.14227
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Report of two cases of lethal infantile subdural bleedings (SDB). Bridging vein (BV) ruptures were directly proven as the source of the (minimal) SDB by a postmortem X-ray. In the controversial discussion concerning the causes of infantile SDB, proof of the occurrence of several BV ruptures is seen as an important sig...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aortic aneurysms are a common autopsy finding, but aneurysms confined exclusively to the subclavian arteries are rare. When found, they are typically associated with trauma, surgery, or aberrant vessel distribution. Subclavian-esophageal fistula formation is also rare, with the vast majority being related to aberrant ...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) developmental validation study was carried out on two Y-STR multiplex systems (MPI and MPII) that collectively permit the co-amplification of 19 Y-STR markers, including DYS393, DYS392, DYS391, DYS389I, DYS389II, Y-GATA-A7.2 (DYS461), DYS438, DYS385a and DYS3...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the change in adenosine phosphate levels in muscles may contribute to the development of rigor mortis, the relationship between their levels and the onset and development of rigor mortis has not been well elucidated. In the current study, levels of the adenosine phosphates including adenosine triphosphate (AT...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01450.x
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four individuals died as the result of a propane explosion. As with many propane explosions, the question was raised as to the adequacy of the product's odorization after the autopsy studies had been conducted. In most cases, this question leads to litigation. Ethyl mercaptan is a widely used odorant for propane and w...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The quality and efficiency of a standard organic DNA isolation method and a silica-based method using the QIAGEN Blood Maxi Kit were compared to obtain human DNA and short tandem repeats (STRs) profiles from 39 exhumed bone samples for paternity testing. DNA samples were quantified by real-time PCR, and STR profiles w...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.02012.x
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA extracted from fingernail clippings of victims in forensic cases is a possible source of DNA from the perpetrator in cases where victims struggled or defended themselves. The source of this DNA on a victim's fingernails could possibly originate from contact with the suspect's blood, saliva, semen or scratched skin...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These studies were designed to demonstrate that the usual method of laryngeal dissection carries a significant risk of overlooking important laryngeal injuries. Formalin-fixed hyoid-larynx complexes were prepared in a prospective forensic study involving 191 cases of homicidal strangulation, 1984 to 1997. The basic st...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hungarian population data for the loci LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, Gc, HLA-DQA1, and D1S80 were generated. The genotype frequency distributions for the loci do not deviate from Hardy Weinberg expectations. Furthermore, there was little evidence for departures from expectations of independence between the loci. Using a tes...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prior to 1984, William R. Maples, Ph.D. worked primarily with Medical Examiners in the State of Florida in investigation of and testimony in criminal cases. In 1984 the Republic of Peru requested him to identify skeletal remains thought to be those of Francisco Pizarro, conqueror of Peru and the Incas in the early 16t...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An improved method of grouping hair, based on the alleles of PGM observed by isoelectric focusing, has been described. The increased discriminating power of this system (0.77) compared to that obtained by the starch gel technique (0.55) provides a new and more sensitive means of typing hair. ...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reported herein is the suicidal asphyxiation of a young man due to exhaustion of oxygen in the interior of a sealed automobile into which the exhaust emissions were diverted. His blood carboxyhemaglobin concentration was less than 5% saturation. The car was equipped with a catalytic converter and when tested, the exha...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00224.x
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, a novel three-dimensional transformation method for vehicle license plate number recognition is proposed. This method provides an efficient solution to normalize skew distorted vehicle license plate images. The Hough transform is used to estimate the license plate position and the normalization angle. A...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two hundred eighty-seven deaths directly related to narcotic abuse occurred in the District of columbia between July 1971 and December 1979. Factors contributing to death in some cases included lack of opiate tolerance as well as the conjoint abuse of ethanol. Free morphine was identified more often in the blood of vi...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The determination of line crossing sequences between rollerball pens and laser printers presents difficulties that may not be overcome using traditional techniques. This research aimed to study the potential of digital microscopy and 3-D laser profilometry to determine line crossing sequences between a toner and an aq...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02103.x
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first case involving an alleged sexual assault linked to the use of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in Oklahoma is reported. A-48-year-old Caucasian woman taking amitriptyline was known to have voluntarily ingested a sports drink containing a relaxing health product. She purportedly experienced unconsciousness tha...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple method using purge-and-trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (P&T-GC/MS) for forensic examination of oil stains was studied. Carboxylic acids, chosen as target components for discrimination of oil samples, were extracted from stains with ether, methyl esterified by tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and analy...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in forensic sciences about forensic age estimation in living subjects by means of radiological methods. This research was conducted on digital thorax X-rays to test the usefulness of some radiological changes in the clavicle and first rib. The sample consisted in a to...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01626.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
