Abstract：
:Photosynthesis on Earth can occur in a diversity of organisms in the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) range of 10 nmol of photons m(-2) s(-1) to 8 mmol of photons m(-2) s(-1). Similar considerations would probably apply to photosynthetic organisms on Earth-like planets (ELPs) in the continuously habitable zone of other stars. On Earth, starlight PAR is inadequate for photosynthetically supported growth. An increase in starlight even to reach the minimum theoretical levels to allow for photosynthesis would require a universe that was approximately ten million times older, or with a ten million times greater density of stars, than is the case for the present universe. Photosynthesis on an ELP using PAR reflected from a natural satellite with the same size as our Moon, but at the Roche limit, could support a low rate of photosynthesis at full Moon. Photosynthesis on an ELP-like satellite of a Jupiter-sized planet using light reflected from the planet could be almost 1% of the rate in full sunlight on Earth when the planet was full. These potential contributions to photosynthesis require that the contribution is compared with the rate of photosynthesis driven by direct radiation from the star. Light pollution on Earth only energizes photosynthesis by organisms that are very close to the light source. However, effects of light pollution on photosynthesis can be more widespread if the photosynthetic canopy is retained for more of the year, caused by effects on photoperiodism, with implications for the influence of civilizations on photosynthesis.
journal_name
Astrobiologyjournal_title
Astrobiologyauthors
Raven JA,Cockell CSdoi
10.1089/ast.2006.6.668subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-08-01 00:00:00pages
668-75issue
4eissn
1531-1074issn
1557-8070journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ASTROBIOLOGY文献大全abstract：:Mars Odyssey has given strong evidence for the existence of water in the upper martian surface at equatorial latitudes. The water content, which corresponds to the hydrogen in the soil, can regionally reach values up to about 15%. This water is mainly in the form of structurally and partially irreversibly bound "cryst...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2005.5.770
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have observed filamentous carbon-rich structures in samples drilled at 3 different seamounts that belong to the Emperor Seamounts in the Pacific Ocean: Detroit (81 Ma), Nintoku (56 Ma), and Koko Seamounts (48 Ma). The samples consist of low-temperature altered basalts recovered from all 3 seamounts. The maximum dep...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2007.0226
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Major discrepancies have been noted for some time between fossil ages and molecular divergence dates for a variety of taxa. Recently, systematic trends within avian clades have been uncovered. The trends show that the disparity is much larger for mitochondrial DNA than for nuclear DNA, also that it is larger for crown...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2016.1527
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A continuing challenge for scientists is to keep K-12 teachers informed about new scientific developments. Over the past few years, this challenge has increased as new research findings have come from the field of astrobiology. In addition to trying to keep abreast of these new discoveries, K-12 teachers must also fac...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/15311070260192282
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Raman spectroscopy can provide chemical information about organic and inorganic substances quickly and nondestructively with little to no sample preparation, thus making it an ideal instrument for Mars rover missions. The ESA ExoMars planetary mission scheduled for launch in 2018 will contain a miniaturized Raman spec...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2015.1334
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abstract We have developed a portable dual-wavelength laser fluorescence spectrometer as part of a multi-instrument optical probe to characterize mineral, organic, and microbial species in extreme environments. Operating at 405 and 532 nm, the instrument was originally designed for use by human explorers to produce a ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2013.1081
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modern ecological niches are teeming with an astonishing diversity of microbial life in biofilms closely associated with mineral surfaces, which highlights the remarkable success of microorganisms in conquering the challenges and capitalizing on the benefits presented by the mineral-water interface. Biofilm formation ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2011.0776
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A long-term goal of exoplanet studies is the identification and detection of biosignature gases. Beyond the most discussed biosignature gas O2, only a handful of gases have been considered in detail. In this study, we evaluate phosphine (PH3). On Earth, PH3 is associated with anaerobic ecosystems, and as such, it is a...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2018.1954
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bicarbonate-buffered anoxic vent waters at Chocolate Pots hot springs in Yellowstone National Park are 51-54°C, pH 5.5-6.0, and are very high in dissolved Fe(II) at 5.8-5.9 mg/L. The aqueous Fe(II) is oxidized by a combination of biotic and abiotic mechanisms and precipitated as primary siliceous nanophase iron ox...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2013.1122
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a summary of the physical principles and design of the Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instrument onboard NASA's 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission. The DAN instrument will use the method of neutron-neutron activation analysis in a space application to study the abundance and depth distribution of ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2007.0157
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We show that terrestrial planets in the habitable zones of M dwarfs older than ∼1 Gyr could have been in runaway greenhouses for several hundred million years following their formation due to the star's extended pre-main sequence phase, provided they form with abundant surface water. Such prolonged runaway greenhouses...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2014.1231
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review the in situ geochronology experiments conducted by the Mars Science Laboratory mission's Curiosity rover to understand when the Gale Crater rocks formed, underwent alteration, and became exposed to cosmogenic radiation. These experiments determined that the detrital minerals in the sedimentary rocks of Gale ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/ast.2018.1871
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Dry Valleys of Antarctica are one of the coldest and driest environments on Earth with paleosols in selected areas that date to the emplacement of tills by warm-based ice during the Early Miocene. Cited as an analogue to the martian surface, the ability of the Antarctic environment to support microbial life-forms ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2010.0583
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chocolate Pots hot spring (CP) is an Fe-rich, circumneutral-pH geothermal spring in Yellowstone National Park. Relic hydrothermal systems have been identified on Mars, and modern hydrothermal environments such as CP are useful for gaining insight into potential pathways for generation of biosignatures of ancient micro...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2019.2058
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review of material relevant to the Conference on Biosignature Preservation and Detection in Mars Analog Environments summarizes the meeting materials and discussions and is further expanded upon by detailed references to the published literature. From this diverse source material, there is a detailed discussion o...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/ast.2016.1627
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the next two decades, NASA and ESA are planning a series of space-based observatories to find Earth-like planets and determine whether life exists on these planets. Previous studies have assessed the likelihood of detecting life through signs of biogenic gases in the atmosphere or a red edge. Biogenic gases and t...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2010.0495
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:We developed a prototype instrument called the Standoff Biofinder, which can quickly locate biological material in a 500 cm(2) area from a 2 m standoff distance with a detection time of 0.1 s. All biogenic materials give strong fluorescence signals when excited with UV and visible lasers. In addition, the lu...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2015.1400
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergence of chirality in enantioselective autocatalysis for compounds unable to transform according to the Frank-like reaction network is discussed with respect to the controversial limited enantioselectivity (LES) model composed of coupled enantioselective and non-enantioselective autocatalyses. The LES model ca...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2012.0904
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This experiment was aimed at establishing, for the first time, the survival capability of lichens exposed to space conditions. In particular, the damaging effect of various wavelengths of extraterrestrial solar UV radiation was studied. The lichens used were the bipolar species Rhizocarpon geographicum and Xanthoria e...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2006.0046
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We launched a cryptoendolithic habitat, made of a gneissic impactite inoculated with Chroococcidiopsis sp., into Earth orbit. After orbiting the Earth for 16 days, the rock entered the Earth's atmosphere and was recovered in Kazakhstan. The heat of entry ablated and heated the rock to a temperature well above the uppe...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2006.0038
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Water is the fundamental molecule for life on Earth. Thus, the search for hibernating life-forms in waterless environments is an important research topic for astrobiology. To date, however, the organizational patterns containing microbial life in extremely dry places, such as the deserts of Earth, the Dry Valleys of A...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2014.1162
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oligonucleotides are structurally similar to short RNA strands. Therefore, their formation via non-enzymatic reactions is highly relevant to Gilbert's RNA world scenario (1986) and the origin of life. In laboratory synthesis of oligonucleotides from monomers, it is necessary to remove the water molecules from the reac...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2007.0138
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the impact of active M dwarf stars on the atmospheric equilibrium and surface conditions of a habitable zone Earth-like planet is key to assessing M dwarf planet habitability. Previous modeling of the impact of electromagnetic (EM) radiation and protons from a single large flare on an Earth-like atmosphe...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2017.1794
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In June 2003, the geochemical composition of geothermal fluids was determined at 9 sites in the Vulcano hydrothermal system, including sediment seeps, geothermal wells, and submarine vents. Compositional data were combined with standard state reaction properties to determine the overall Gibbs free energy (DeltaG(r) ) ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2007.0128
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fungi are not only present on Earth but colonize spacecraft and space stations as well. This review provides an extensive overview of the large and diverse group of fungal species that have been found in space, as well as those corresponding detection methods used and the existing and potential future prevention and c...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/ast.2018.1854
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both hydrogen and methane are consistently discharged in large quantities in hydrothermal fluids issued from ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal fields discovered along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Considering the vast number of these fields discovered or inferred, hydrothermal fluxes represent a significant input of H2 and CH4...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/ast.2014.1198
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We observed 20-200 m sized low-albedo seepage-like streaks and their annual change on defrosting polar dunes in the southern hemisphere of Mars, based on the Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC), High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC), and High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) images. The structures originate from da...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2007.0212
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The discovery of potentially habitable planets around the ultracool dwarf star Trappist-1 naturally poses the question: could Trappist-1 planets be home to life? These planets orbit very close to the host star and are most susceptible to the UV radiation emitted by the intense and frequent flares of Trappist-1. Here, ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2019.2126
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibody microarrays are becoming frequently used tools for analytical purposes. A key factor for optimal performance is the stability of the immobilized (capturing) antibodies as well as those that have been fluorescently labeled to achieve the immunological test (tracers). This is especially critical for long-distan...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2011.0647
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The shallow subsurface of Mars is extremely interesting as a possible microbial habitat because it becomes temporarily wet, it is shielded from radiation, and mixing by aeolian processes could provide the sources of energy and nutrients necessary for sustaining microbial life in it. The Modern Aqueous Habitat Reconnai...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2018.1945
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
