abstract：:The search for organic biosignatures on Mars will depend on finding material protected from the destructive ambient radiation. Solar ultraviolet can induce photochemical degradation of organic compounds, but certain clays have been shown to preserve organic material. We examine how the SHERLOC instrument on the upcomi...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Razzell Hollis J,Fornaro T,Rapin W,Wade J,Vicente-Retortillo Á,Steele A,Bhartia R,Beegle LW

更新日期：2021-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The cloud layer has been hypothesized to be the most habitable region of Venus. In the lower clouds, both temperature and pressure fall within bounds that support reproduction of microbial life on Earth, although the water activity of the sulfuric acid cloud droplets makes the clouds uninhabitable to known life. In th...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Cockell CS,Higgins PM,Johnstone AA

更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Chocolate Pots hot spring (CP) is an Fe-rich, circumneutral-pH geothermal spring in Yellowstone National Park. Relic hydrothermal systems have been identified on Mars, and modern hydrothermal environments such as CP are useful for gaining insight into potential pathways for generation of biosignatures of ancient micro...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Fortney NW,Beard BL,Hutchings JA,Shields MR,Bianchi TS,Boyd ES,Johnson CM,Roden EE

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The order of magnitude of increased growth, multiplication rate, and decreased sporulation of Bacillus subtilis after exposure to nanotesla magnetic fields (MFs) relative to control samples were observed experimentally. Earth's total magnetic field intensity was reduced from 47.9 ± 0.4 μT to cover the range from 97.5 ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Obhođaš J,Valković V,Kollar R,Hrenović J,Nađ K,Vinković A,Orlić Ž

更新日期：2020-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of potentially habitable planets around the ultracool dwarf star Trappist-1 naturally poses the question: could Trappist-1 planets be home to life? These planets orbit very close to the host star and are most susceptible to the UV radiation emitted by the intense and frequent flares of Trappist-1. Here, ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Estrela R,Palit S,Valio A

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the surface of Mars is an important factor that affects the survivability of microorganisms on Mars. The possibility of martian brines made from Fe2(SO4)3, MnSO4, and MgSO4 salts providing a habitable niche on Mars via attenuation of UV radiation was investigated on the bacteria Bacillu...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Godin PJ,Schuerger AC,Moores JE

更新日期：2020-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine team functioning within the context of the AMADEE 18 Mars analog project, which took place in Oman in the winter of 2018. Five "Analog Astronauts" participated in this study. Each completed measures of individual-level variables, including demographics and personality, before the s...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： McMenamin J,Allen NJ,Battler M

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Hayabusa2 mission successfully collected samples from the asteroid Ryugu last year and will return these to Earth in December 2020. It is anticipated that the samples will enable the analysis of terrestrially uncontaminated organic matter and minerals. Such analyses are in turn expected to elucidate the evolution ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Potiszil C,Tanaka R,Kobayashi K,Kunihiro T,Nakamura E

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Remote sensing data are abundant, whereas surface in situ verification of atmospheric conditions is rare on Mars. Earth-based analogs could help gain an understanding of soil and atmospheric processes on Mars and refine existing models. In this work, we evaluate the applicability of the Weather Research and Forecastin...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Breuer H,Berényi A,Mari L,Nagy B,Szalai Z,Tordai Á,Weidinger T

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A long-term goal of exoplanet studies is the identification and detection of biosignature gases. Beyond the most discussed biosignature gas O2, only a handful of gases have been considered in detail. In this study, we evaluate phosphine (PH3). On Earth, PH3 is associated with anaerobic ecosystems, and as such, it is a...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Sousa-Silva C,Seager S,Ranjan S,Petkowski JJ,Zhan Z,Hu R,Bains W

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antarctic subglacial lakes are often considered suitable analogues to extraterrestrial subglacial aqueous environments. Recently, an environmentally friendly RECoverable Autonomous Sonde (RECAS) was designed at the Polar Research Center of Jilin University (JLU) to sample the water of subglacial lakes without contamin...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Li Y,Talalay PG,Sysoev MA,Zagorodnov VS,Li X,Fan X

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We review the in situ geochronology experiments conducted by the Mars Science Laboratory mission's Curiosity rover to understand when the Gale Crater rocks formed, underwent alteration, and became exposed to cosmogenic radiation. These experiments determined that the detrital minerals in the sedimentary rocks of Gale ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Cohen BA,Malespin CA,Farley KA,Martin PE,Cho Y,Mahaffy PR

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbial contamination of human-tended spacecraft is unavoidable, making the study of microbial growth under space conditions essential for the preservation of astronauts' health and equipment integrity. Previous studies suggested that spaceflight conditions, such as microgravity, cause a range of physiological micro...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Garschagen LS,Mancinelli RL,Moeller R

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Planetary Society's Phobos Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment (Phobos LIFE) flew in the sample return capsule of the Russian Federal Space Agency's Phobos Grunt mission and was to have been a test of one aspect of the hypothesis that life can move between nearby planets within ejected rocks. Although the Phob...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Betts BH,Warmflash D,Fraze RE,Friedman L,Vorobyova E,Lilburn TG,Smith A,Rettberg P,Jönsson KI,Ciftcioglu N,Fox GE,Svitek T,Kirschvinck JL,Moeller R,Wassmann M,Berger T

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this work, we provide an answer to the question formulated by Albert Eschenmoser: "How would you envisage the bridge between potentially primordial geochemistry that had been disordered and one that gradually became self-organizing?" Analysis of the free-energy profiles of some of the key reactions leading to forma...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Šponer JE,Šponer J,Di Mauro E

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The shallow subsurface of Mars is extremely interesting as a possible microbial habitat because it becomes temporarily wet, it is shielded from radiation, and mixing by aeolian processes could provide the sources of energy and nutrients necessary for sustaining microbial life in it. The Modern Aqueous Habitat Reconnai...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Rennó NO,Backhus R,Cooper C,Flatico JM,Fischer E,Greer LC,Krasowski MJ,Kremic T,Martínez GM,Prokop NF,Sweeney D,Vicente-Retortillo A

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The γ-radiolysis of fullerenes (C60 and C70) was performed to investigate the role of fullerenes as a carbon source in building organic molecules in astrophysical ice analog media. Mass spectrometric analyses and the sequential collision-induced dissociation processes enabled us to determine the plausible chemical str...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Ursini O,Angelini G,Cataldo F,Iglesias-Groth S

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungi are not only present on Earth but colonize spacecraft and space stations as well. This review provides an extensive overview of the large and diverse group of fungal species that have been found in space, as well as those corresponding detection methods used and the existing and potential future prevention and c...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： De Middeleer G,Leys N,Sas B,De Saeger S

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short-term and long-term science plans were developed as part of the strategic planning process used by the Biologic Analog Science Associated with Lava Terrains (BASALT) science team to conduct two Mars-simulation missions investigating basalt habitability at terrestrial volcanic analog sites in 2016. A multidiscipli...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Brady AL,Kobs Nawotniak SE,Hughes SS,Payler SJ,Stevens AH,Cockell CS,Elphic RC,Sehlke A,Haberle CW,Slater GF,Lim DSS

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The articles associated with this Special Collection focus on the NASA BASALT (Biologic Analog Science Associated with Lava Terrains) Research Program, which aims at answering the question, "How do we support and enable scientific exploration during human Mars missions?" To answer this the BASALT team conducted scient...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Lim DSS,Abercromby AFJ,Kobs Nawotniak SE,Lees DS,Miller MJ,Brady AL,Miller MJ,Mirmalek Z,Sehlke A,Payler SJ,Stevens AH,Haberle CW,Beaton KH,Chappell SP,Hughes SS,Cockell CS,Elphic RC,Downs MT,Heldmann JL

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Formation of microtubules in volcanic glass from subsurface environments has been widely attributed to in situ activity of micro-organisms, but evidence directly linking those structures to biological processes remains lacking. Investigations into the alternative possibility of abiotic tubule formation have been limit...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： McCollom TM,Donaldson C

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the impact of active M dwarf stars on the atmospheric equilibrium and surface conditions of a habitable zone Earth-like planet is key to assessing M dwarf planet habitability. Previous modeling of the impact of electromagnetic (EM) radiation and protons from a single large flare on an Earth-like atmosphe...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Tilley MA,Segura A,Meadows V,Hawley S,Davenport J

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aqueous solutions on Mars are theorized to contain very different ion compositions than those on Earth. To determine the effect of such solutions on typical environmental micro-organisms, which could be released from robotic spacecraft or human exploration activity, we investigated the resistance of Sphingomonas desic...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Stevens AH,Childers D,Fox-Powell M,Nicholson N,Jhoti E,Cockell CS

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent measurements of methane (CH4) by the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) now confront us with robust data that demand interpretation. Thus far, the MSL data have revealed a baseline level of CH4 (∼0.4 parts per billion by volume [ppbv]), with seasonal variations, as well as greatly enhanced spikes of CH4 with peak ab...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Yung YL,Chen P,Nealson K,Atreya S,Beckett P,Blank JG,Ehlmann B,Eiler J,Etiope G,Ferry JG,Forget F,Gao P,Hu R,Kleinböhl A,Klusman R,Lefèvre F,Miller C,Mischna M,Mumma M,Newman S,Oehler D,Okumura M,Oremland R,

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small-scale terracing (microterracettes) is a surface geomorphic feature that recurs under a range of environmental settings, such as those existing in high to low temperature geothermal springs and evaporitic environments, through the single or combined action of physicochemical agents and microbiological processes. ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Barbieri R,Cavalazzi B

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chloride-bearing deposits and phyllosilicates-bearing units are widely distributed in the southern highlands of Mars, but these phases are rarely found together in fluviolacustrine environments. The study of the coexistence of these minerals can provide important insights into geochemistry, water activity, and ultimat...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Huang 黄俊 J,Salvatore MR,Edwards CS,Harris RL,Christensen PR

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dryness is one of the main environmental challenges to microbial survival. Understanding the threshold of microbial tolerance to extreme dryness is relevant to better constrain the environmental limits of life on Earth and critically evaluate long-term habitability models of Mars. Biomolecular proxies for microbial ad...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Wilhelm MB,Davila AF,Parenteau MN,Jahnke LL,Abate M,Cooper G,Kelly ET,Parro García V,Villadangos MG,Blanco Y,Glass B,Wray JJ,Eigenbrode JL,Summons RE,Warren-Rhodes K

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen is the major component of Earth's atmosphere and plays important roles in biochemistry. Biological systems have evolved a variety of mechanisms for fixing and recycling environmental nitrogen sources, which links them tightly with terrestrial nitrogen reservoirs. However, prior to the emergence of biology, al...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Laneuville M,Kameya M,Cleaves HJ 2nd

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrobiology is an inherently interdisciplinary area of study, demanding communication across multiple fields: astronomy, geochemistry, planetary science, and so on. Successful communication requires that researchers be aware of the basic findings, open questions, and tools and techniques of allied fields and possess ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Burnam-Fink M,Desch SJ,Scalice D,Davis H,Huff CJ,Apai D

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early Earth may have hosted a biologically mediated global organic haze during the Archean eon (3.8-2.5 billion years ago). This haze would have significantly impacted multiple aspects of our planet, including its potential for habitability and its spectral appearance. Here, we model worlds with Archean-like levels of...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Arney G,Domagal-Goldman SD,Meadows VS

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To the astrobiologist, Enceladus offers easy access to a potential subsurface biosphere via the intermediacy of a plume of water emerging directly into space. A direct question follows: If we were to collect a sample of this plume, what in that sample, through its presence or its absence, would suggest the presence an...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Benner SA

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery by NASA's Cassini mission at Saturn in 2005 of a large plume of material erupting from the south polar terrain of Enceladus, sourced within a subsurface ocean of salty liquid water laced with organic compounds, has brought together scientists from a diverse range of disciplines over the last decade to ev...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Porco CC

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During three low-altitude (99, 66, 66 km) flybys through the Enceladus plume in 2010 and 2011, Cassini's ion neutral mass spectrometer (INMS) made its first high spatial resolution measurements of the plume's gas density and distribution, detecting in situ the individual gas jets within the broad plume. Since those fl...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Teolis BD,Perry ME,Hansen CJ,Waite JH,Porco CC,Spencer JR,Howett CJA

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review of material relevant to the Conference on Biosignature Preservation and Detection in Mars Analog Environments summarizes the meeting materials and discussions and is further expanded upon by detailed references to the published literature. From this diverse source material, there is a detailed discussion o...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Hays LE,Graham HV,Des Marais DJ,Hausrath EM,Horgan B,McCollom TM,Parenteau MN,Potter-McIntyre SL,Williams AJ,Lynch KL

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Planetary protection is governed by the Outer Space Treaty and includes the practice of protecting planetary bodies from contamination by Earth life. Although studies are constantly expanding our knowledge about life in extreme environments, it is still unclear what the probability is for terrestrial organisms to surv...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Smith SA,Benardini JN 3rd,Anderl D,Ford M,Wear E,Schrader M,Schubert W,DeVeaux L,Paszczynski A,Childers SE

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to analyze tolerance to heavy ions in desiccated animals of the eutardigrade Richtersius coronifer and the bdelloid rotifer Mniobia russeola within the STARLIFE project. Both species were exposed to iron (Fe) and helium (He) ions at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) in Chiba,...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Jönsson KI,Wojcik A

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major discrepancies have been noted for some time between fossil ages and molecular divergence dates for a variety of taxa. Recently, systematic trends within avian clades have been uncovered. The trends show that the disparity is much larger for mitochondrial DNA than for nuclear DNA, also that it is larger for crown...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Melott AL

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible meteorite parent body origin of Earth's pregenetic nucleobases is substantiated by the guanine (G), adenine (A), and uracil (U) measured in various meteorites. Cytosine (C) and thymine (T), however, are absent in meteorites, making the emergence of an RNA and later RNA/DNA/protein world problematic. We in...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Pearce BK,Pudritz RE

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 1976 Viking Labeled Release (LR) experiment was positive for extant microbial life on the surface of Mars. Experiments on both Viking landers, 4000 miles apart, yielded similar, repeatable, positive responses. While the authors eventually concluded that the experiment detected martian life, this was and remains a ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Levin GV,Straat PA

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Meaningful motion is an unambiguous biosignature, but because life in the Solar System is most likely to be microbial, the question is whether such motion may be detected effectively on the micrometer scale. Recent results on microbial motility in various Earth environments have provided insight into the physics and b...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Nadeau J,Lindensmith C,Deming JW,Fernandez VI,Stocker R

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00