Abstract：
:In reaction time (RT) tasks, presentation of a startling acoustic stimulus (SAS) together with a visual imperative stimulus can dramatically reduce RT while leaving response execution unchanged. It has been suggested that a prepared motor response program is triggered early by the SAS but is not otherwise affected. Movements aimed at intercepting moving targets are usually considered to be similarly governed by a prepared program. This program is triggered when visual stimulus information about the time to arrival of the moving target reaches a specific criterion. We investigated whether a SAS could also trigger such a movement. Human experimental participants were trained to hit moving targets with movements of a specific duration. This permitted an estimate of when movement would begin (expected onset time). Startling and sub-startle threshold acoustic probe stimuli were delivered unexpectedly among control trials: 65, 85, 115 and 135 ms prior to expected onset (10:1 ratio of control to probe trials). Results showed that startling probe stimuli at 85 and 115 ms produced early response onsets but not those at 65 or 135 ms. Sub-threshold stimuli at 115 and 135 ms also produced early onsets. Startle probes led to an increased vigor in the response, but sub-threshold probes had no detectable effects. These data can be explained by a simple model in which preparatory, response-related activation builds up in the circuits responsible for generating motor commands in anticipation of the GO command. If early triggering by the acoustic probes is the mechanism underlying the findings, then the data support the hypothesis that rapid interceptions are governed by a motor program.
journal_name
Neurosciencejournal_title
Neuroscienceauthors
Tresilian JR,Plooy AMdoi
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.06.029subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-10-13 00:00:00pages
579-94issue
2eissn
0306-4522issn
1873-7544pii
S0306-4522(06)00864-5journal_volume
142pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NEUROSCIENCE文献大全abstract：:In order to observe the fine details of intracellularly stained neurons in brain slices the slices must be cleared of opaque matter. This clearing process involves dehydration of the slice, which typically results in significant shrinkage of the cleared tissue. However, how this shrinkage affects neuronal morphology h...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(85)90018-1
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the present study was to verify our assumption that rhythmic respiratory activity may be regulated by endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) in the medullary slices of neonatal rats. We found that a moderate concentration of donor of H(2)S, NaHS, mainly induced diphasic respiratory responses indicated by c...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.08.025
更新日期：2008-10-28 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the minimum neuron and neurite densities required for synchronized bursts, we cultured rat cortical neurons on planar multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) at five plating densities (2500, 1000, 500, 250, and 100 cells/mm(2)) using two culture media: Neuron Culture Medium and Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium su...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.08.038
更新日期：2010-11-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The immediate-early gene encoded transcription factor c-Jun is highly inducible following axotomy and therefore serves as a valuable marker in neuronal de- and regeneration. As the signals that may trigger c-Jun expression are still obscure, molecules derived from lesioned neurons and/or their targets such as growth f...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00287-x
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common movement disorder. Alpha-synuclein (α-synuclein) plays a critical role in PD. In this study, we evaluated the level of central nervous system (CNS)-derived exosomal α-synuclein in serum, which may be regarded as a specific peripheral biomarker for PD. We recruited patients with PD ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.05.015
更新日期：2019-08-10 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent study has described synchronous burst discharges of dentate hilar neurons and area CA3 pyramidal cells in the presence of the convulsants 4-aminopyridine and picrotoxin in guinea-pig hippocampal slices [Müller W. and Misgeld U. (1991) J. Neurophysiol. 65, 141-147]. To examine the synchronous activity of denta...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(94)90593-2
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus on the spontaneous firing of mitral and granule cells in the main olfactory bulb were examined in ovariectomized female rats under urethane anaesthesia. High-frequency stimulation (0.5-1.0 mA, 10-20 pulses at 100 Hz) of the paraventricul...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(95)00599-4
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intraspecific confrontation has been used to study effect of depleting central serotonin on the adaptation of male rats to repeated social stress (social defeat). Four groups of adult male rats were used (serotonin depletion/sham: stressed; serotonin depletion/sham: non-stressed). Central serotonin was reduced (by 59-...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00028-7
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of the acetylcholinesterase neurons and substance P-like and enkephalin-like fibers in the various nuclear columns of the ventral horns of the spinal cords was studied in the developing human by acetylcholinesterase histochemistry and substance P and enkephalin immunohistochemistry. Acetylcholinesterase-p...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(92)90286-b
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of endothelin-3 on rapid morphological changes and cytoskeletal actin organization of rat cortical cultured astrocytes were examined. In serum-free medium, treatments with 1 mM dibutyryl cAMP and 5 microM cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of actin polymerization, caused astrocytic morphological changes with cytopla...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(94)90420-0
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Parkinson's disease, subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons burst fire with increased periodicity and synchrony. This may entail abnormal release of glutamate, the major source of which in STN is cortical afferents. Indeed, the cortico-subthalamic pathway is implicated in the emergence of excessive oscillations, which a...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.12.027
更新日期：2012-02-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Agrin is a multi-domain protein best known for its essential function during formation of the neuromuscular junction. Alternative mRNA splicing at sites named y and z in the C-terminal part of agrin regulates its interaction with a receptor complex consisting of the agrin-binding low-density lipoprotein receptor-relat...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.09.011
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Limb somatosensory signals modify the discharge of vestibular neurons and elicit postural reflexes, which stabilize the body position. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of the γ-amino-butyric-acid (GABA) to the responsiveness of vestibular neurons to somatosensory inputs. The activity of 128 ve...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.08.035
更新日期：2016-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a major cause of mortality and disability in newborns and the only standard approach for treating this condition is therapeutic hypothermia, which shows some limitations. Thus, putative neuroprotective agents have been tested in animal models. The present study evaluated the...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.006
更新日期：2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper presents results obtained from experiments performed on two behaving monkeys (Macaca mulatta) viewing correlated and uncorrelated dynamic random dot stereograms. Extracellular single unit activity was recorded from areas V1 and V2. We found that cells sensitive to correlated stereograms (38%) were also sens...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(93)90540-v
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques were used to determine relationships between the parvalbumin or calbindin D28k content and the cytochrome oxidase or carbonic anhydrase activity of neurons in lumbar dorsal root ganglia in rat. Subpopulations of dorsal root ganglion neurons that displayed parvalbumin- o...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(89)90216-9
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein F1/GAP-43 is a protein kinase C substrate associated with axonal growth and synaptic plasticity. We used in situ hybridization in rat brain to determine the cellular distribution of its gene expression. Throughout the septotemporal axis of the adult hippocampus, pyramidal cells express F1/GAP-43 mRNA, but gran...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(91)90284-u
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The amygdalar basolateral nuclear complex (BLC) is a cortex-like structure that receives inputs from many cortical areas. It has long been assumed that cortico-amygdalar projections, as well as inter-areal intracortical connections, arise from cortical pyramidal cells. However, recent studies have shown that GABAergic...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.03.004
更新日期：2015-05-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) increases the risk for late-onset seizures and neuronal network abnormalities. An elevated co-occurrence of AD and seizures has been established in the more prevalent sporadic form of AD. Recent evidence suggests that nonconvulsive network abnormalities, including seizures and other electroenc...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.11.051
更新日期：2015-02-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Cortical microcircuitry plays a pivotal role in encoding sensory information reaching the cortex. However, the fundamental knowledge concerning the mechanisms that govern feature-encoding by these sub-networks is still sparse. Here, we show through multi-electrode recordings in V1 of conventionally prepared anesthetiz...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.03.027
更新日期：2014-05-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxytocin-binding sites were detected by autoradiography on rat brain sections incubated in the presence of the [3H]oxytocin. These sites were characterized pharmacologically using quantitative autoradiography. High pressure liquid chromatography controls of the incubation media indicated that labelling was due to the ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(87)90113-8
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular recording and staining was applied to study non-pyramidal neurons in the guinea-pig hippocampus. To avoid accidental impalement of pyramidal or granule cells, two hippocampal regions known to be devoid of pyramidal or granule cells were chosen. In transverse and longitudinal slices, neurons of the deep h...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(86)90015-1
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, the reports that sensory nerves contribute to induction and development of peripheral inflammation have been accumulating. Although neuropeptides have been thought to participate in modulation of inflammation, we supposed the involvement of cytokines. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a key regulator of cell-mediate...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.07.035
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypofunction of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAr) has been considered to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In rodent electroencephalogram (EEG) studies, non-competitive NMDAr antagonists have been reported to produce aberrant basal gamma band oscillation (GBO), as observed in sch...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.08.047
更新日期：2014-11-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Principal cells of the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) differ in the magnitudes of low-voltage-activated potassium (gKL) and hyperpolarization-activated (gh) conductances that determine the time course of signaling. Octopus cells in mice have large gKL (500 nS) and gh (150 nS), bushy cells have smaller gKL (80 nS) and ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.01.085
更新日期：2008-06-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease patients who suffer from freezing of gait (PD-FOG) may have sensory and/or perceptual deficits, although they are difficult to disentangle. This study evaluated whether visuospatial perception or self-motion perception were more impaired in PD-FOG, and whether distance estimation errors might be re...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.05.022
更新日期：2014-08-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The recognition molecule myelin-associated glycoprotein is expressed by oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system. The myelin-associated glycoprotein gene gives rise to two alternatively spliced transcript variants ("early" and "late" message) which are developmentally regulated. In this st...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(96)00586-6
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of nitric oxide (NO) in post-ischemic cerebral infarction has been extensively examined, but few studies have investigated its role on the neurological deficit. In the present study, we investigated the effect of spermine on the temporal evolution of infarct volume, NO production and neurological deficit usin...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2003.10.050
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a member of the Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase family, is characterized as a key regulator in inflammatory and apoptosis signaling pathways. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of the TAK1 pathway in experimental traumatic...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.02.022
更新日期：2013-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Ciliary neurotrophic factor is known to exert both survival and differentiative actions on a number of neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems. In this study we have compared the trophic effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor on developing septal neurons of the rat in...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(94)00590-2
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
