Abstract:
:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of highly conserved molecules that initiate the innate immune response to pathogens by recognizing structural motifs expressed by microbes. We have identified a novel TLR, TLR15, by bioinformatic analysis of the chicken genome, which is distinct from any known vertebrate TLR and thus appears to be avian specific. The gene for TLR15 was sequenced and is found on chromosome 3, and it has archetypal TIR and transmembrane domains and a distinctive arrangement of extracellular leucine-rich regions. mRNA for TLR15 was detected in the spleen, bursa, and bone marrow of healthy chickens, suggesting a role for this novel receptor in constitutive host defense. Following in vivo Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection, quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated significant upregulation of TLR15 in the cecum of infected chickens. Interestingly, similar induction of TLR2 expression following infection was also observed. In vitro studies revealed TLR15 upregulation in chicken embryonic fibroblasts stimulated with heat-killed S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. Collectively, these results suggest a role for the TLR in avian defense against bacterial infection. We hypothesize that TLR15 may represent an avian-specific TLR that has been either retained in chicken and lost in other taxa or gained in the chicken.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Higgs R,Cormican P,Cahalane S,Allan B,Lloyd AT,Meade K,James T,Lynn DJ,Babiuk LA,O'farrelly Cdoi
10.1128/IAI.74.3.1692-1698.2006keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-03-01 00:00:00pages
1692-8issue
3eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522pii
74/3/1692journal_volume
74pub_type
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
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doi:10.1128/IAI.11.1.14-22.1975
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
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doi:10.1128/IAI.58.10.3388-3393.1990
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
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更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
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