Abstract：
:The spectrum of neurologic disease that complicates human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is extremely broad. This article deals with those HIV-related diseases that may occur with a frequency of more than 1% and are of potential neurosurgical importance: those that result from a direct involvement of the nervous system by HIV and those that result either directly or indirectly from the concomitant immunosuppression. Infectious complications are the most common but not the sole cause of neurologic disability in the latter category. Other causes of neurologic disease seen in association with HIV infection include neoplasms, metabolic-nutritional disorders, and vascular complications.
journal_name
Neurosurg Clin N Amjournal_title
Neurosurgery clinics of North Americaauthors
Levy RM,Berger JRkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-04-01 00:00:00pages
443-70issue
2eissn
1042-3680issn
1558-1349journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Computer-assisted medical imaging technology provides useful tools for the in vivo study of congenital craniofacial deformities. Using these tools, a standardized operation for infants with nonsyndromal unicoronal synostosis has been shown to consistently normalize orbital dimensions and decrease exocranial base angul...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of benign intracranial tumors may involve one of several types of ionizing radiation given as single-fraction radiosurgery or fractionated radiotherapy. An understanding of the biophysical and radiobiologic principles involved in these treatments is essential to the desig...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2006.02.003
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malignant large artery stroke is associated with high mortality of 70% to 80% with best medical management. Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a highly effective tool in reducing mortality. Convincing evidence has accumulated from several randomized trials, in addition to multiple retrospective studies, that demonstrat...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2017.02.010
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The management of fluid and electrolytes is an important aspect of the intensive care of patients with intracranial disease and injury because the central nervous system has a critical role in fluid and electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis. This article reviews fluids and electrolytes and acid-base balance, their com...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Widespread adoption of electronic medical records (EMRs) in the United States is transforming the practice of medicine from a paper-based cottage industry into an integrated health care delivery system. Most physicians and institutions view the widespread use of EMRs to be inevitable. But the transformation has not be...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2014.11.018
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The refinement in the intravascular techniques has revolved upon the development of new material and a better understanding of neurophysiology. Access has become less of a limitation, and more emphasis is now placed on getting the job done: closing a fistula, obliterating a malformation, or filling an aneurysm. Emboli...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Shunt failure remains a disheartening complication of shunt surgery. The number of adjustable factors in attempting to reduce the rate is small. The clinical presentation and timing of shunt malfunction are well documented. Although the shunt design trials have been negative to date, valves have important effects that...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proximal junctional failure (PJF) should be distinguished from proximal junctional kyphosis, which is a recurrent deformity with limited clinical impact. PJF includes mechanical failure, and is a significant complication following adult spinal deformity surgery with potential for neurologic injury and increased need f...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2013.01.001
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article defines open myelomeningocele and describes its development in the embryo. The anatomic features of the neural placode, pia-arachnoid, and dorsal versus ventral roots are well described. The surgical technique and prenatal and postnatal care are detailed. Anomalies associated with open myelomeningocele ar...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Management of anticoagulation and antiplatelet medications after neurosurgery can be complex, especially given that these patients have multiple medical comorbidities. In turn, neurosurgical patients are at high risk for the development of venous thromboembolism after surgery, so neurosurgeons must consider the use of...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2018.06.008
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For the neurosurgical oncologist, a specialty practice in gliomas represents an intersection of tailored surgical approaches, emerging intraoperative technologies, expanding surgical trial portfolios, and new paradigms in glioma biology. Assembling these disparate pieces into a cohesive career trajectory is a difficul...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2018.08.013
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer-associated facial pain can be caused by a variety of pathologic conditions. Here the authors describe the symptoms and incidence of facial pain secondary to three separate anatomic subcategories of cancer. The authors subsequently discuss the effectiveness and drawbacks of the most common methods of treatment. ...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2016.02.009
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interest in surgery for focal cortical dysplasia has grown with the enhanced ability to detect these lesions preoperatively with modern imaging techniques. This article focuses on the surgical management of epilepsy associated with focal cortical dysplasia. The authors highlight the approaches practiced at Yale Univer...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1042-3680(02)80010-9
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are two hypotheses on how chronic subdural hematoma causes hemiparesis and other focal neurologic symptoms without, in most cases, leaving permanent neurologic deficits. One hypothesis is that the reduced regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) caused by either compression or distortion of the local or remote brain ...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the hands of the inexperienced, endoscopic carpal tunnel release bears a substantial risk for neurovascular injury. For those thoroughly trained in this technique, it is a fast and elegant but also more expensive way to achieve carpal tunnel release. If performed uneventfully, it minimizes trauma and avoids a subst...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2008.07.023
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes details of the application of computer modeling of cerebral blood circulation. A brief review of the different computer modeling techniques and the current models used today for predicting surgical options for bypass surgery are presented. The use of phase contrast MR for estimating intracranial...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many studies indicate that spinal canal decompression and stabilization lead to improved neurologic recovery in patients with incomplete neurologic deficits. It is recognized that surgical stabilization of unstable thoracolumbar injuries with complete neurologic deficit or without deficit reduces hospital stay, improv...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carotid occlusive disease remains an important cause of ischemic stroke. The results of large, randomized, clinical trials have established the benefit of surgical revascularization in patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid stenosis. The introduction of balloon angioplasty and stenting of the extracranial c...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2008.07.011
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrathecal drug delivery has been well established an effective and safe method for the treatment of pain, including palliative cancer-related and chronic nonmalignant pain. In this article, we discuss the role of intrathecal pain therapy in the management of chronic, refractory nonmalignant pain. Common indications,...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2018.12.010
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article provides basic pharmacologic and behavioral principles and facts to simplify drug therapy for low back pain. It outlines basic protocols for symptom control while definitive treatments are beginning or healing occurs. ...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intramedullary spinal cord tumors constitute 8% to 10% of all primary spinal cord tumors. The clinical presentation of primary spinal cord tumors is determined in part by the location of the tumor, and in nearly all clinical instances pain is the predominant presenting symptom. Motor disturbance is the next most commo...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2013.12.010
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the normal growth of the cranial base, an outline of prenatal development stressed the common vertebrate plan, the patterning of mesenchymal tissues formed from and influenced by migrating neural crest cells. Details are given of the sequences of chondrification and ossification. Postnatal growth is approached in t...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is no clear plane between the dura and arachnoid in situ. Instead of the virtual subdural space, there is a dura-arachnoid interface layer, which is structurally the weakest throughout the meninges. An extravasation of blood within the dural border layer splits it, leaving a few tiers of dural border cells over ...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infections of the CNS have a high mortality, and rapid laboratory diagnosis and adequate antimicrobial therapy are critically important for their management. New techniques assist the clinical microbiology laboratory to isolate and identify micro-organisms more rapidly and accurately than with the use of classic proce...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Meningioma, nerve sheath tumors, and filum terminale ependymoma account for over 90% of primary intradural extramedullary tumors in adults. The demographics, radiological evaluation, and surgical techniques employed for their removal are reviewed in this article. The authors' approach to intraspinal tumors with extras...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soft cervical disc herniations can be treated by minimally invasive procedures with excellent results. Chemonucleolysis with chymopapain is one alternative to surgery that is shown to be innocuous within a strict technical framework. MR imaging allows an accurate diagnosis of the cause of cervical root compression, th...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue diagnosis is necessary for optimal treatment of pineal region tumors in children. Preoperative staging should include craniospinal MR imaging with and without gadolinium DTPA enhancement, CSF sampling for cytology, and measurement of biologic tumor markers in serum and CSF. Surgical approach is determined by re...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Congenital spinal anomalies entail a wide spectrum of conditions that share in common some form of error during embryogenesis. Congenital disorders of the spine may not always be readily apparent at birth; they can present as a deformity with growth or with clinical signs of neurologic dysfunction early or later as an...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2007.04.004
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychosocial problems frequently are more difficult to manage than the seizures. Quality of life investigations are important in identifying psychosocial issues that impede the benefits of improved or complete seizure control. Three categories of quality of life assessment are discussed: professional observation and r...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral vasospasm is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Most cases of vasospasm can be managed medically. Medical strategies for treatment include hemodynamic augmentation to improve cerebral perfusion pressure and medical therapy to prevent or reduce cerebr...
journal_title：Neurosurgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nec.2009.10.007
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
