Abstract:
:Presynaptic and postsynaptic differentiation occurs at axodendritic contacts between CNS neurons. Synaptic adhesion mediated by synaptic cell adhesion molecule (SynCAM) and beta-neurexins/neuroligins triggers presynaptic differentiation. The signals that trigger postsynaptic differentiation are, however, unknown. Here we report that beta-neurexin expressed in nonneuronal cells induced postsynaptic density (PSD)-95 clustering in contacting dendrites of hippocampal neurons. The effect is specific to beta-neurexin and was not observed with other synaptic cell adhesion molecules such as N-cadherin or SynCAM. NMDA receptors, but not alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate receptors (AMPARs), were recruited to this beta-neurexin-induced PSD-95 scaffold. Remarkably, AMPARs were inserted into this scaffold upon glutamate application or expression of a constitutively active form of calmodulin kinase II in neurons. Expression of a dominant-negative neuroligin-1 in cultured neurons markedly reduced the sizes and densities of PSD-95 puncta and AMPAR clusters. In addition, excitatory, but not inhibitory, synaptic functions were impaired in these neurons, confirming that PSD-95/neuroligin-1 interaction is involved in postsynaptic assembly at glutamatergic synapses. These results demonstrate that postsynaptic assembly of the glutamatergic synapse may be initiated by presynaptic beta-neurexin and that glutamate release also is required for maturation of synapses.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Nam CI,Chen Ldoi
10.1073/pnas.0502038102keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-04-26 00:00:00pages
6137-42issue
17eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
0502038102journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have established a large panel of T-cell clones (TCCs) specific for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Lolium perenne group I grass pollen allergens (total, 61) and for tetanus toxoid and protein purified derivative bacterial antigens (total, 38) from the peripheral blood of two atopic individuals and then analyzed...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.10.4538
更新日期:1991-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Thebaine, an intermediate of morphine biosynthesis in the poppy plant, Papaver somniferum, was transformed to oripavine, codeine, and morphine by rat liver, kidney, and brain microsomes in the presence of an NADPH-generating system. The formation of morphine, codeine, and oripavine was identified by a specific RIA, HP...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.4.1267
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predicting whether and how populations will adapt to rapid climate change is a critical goal for evolutionary biology. To examine the genetic basis of fitness and predict adaptive evolution in novel climates with seasonal variation, we grew a diverse panel of the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana (multiparent advanced...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1517456113
更新日期:2016-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::The binding of a few molecules [1-6] of RNA bacteriophage coat protein to 1 molecule of RNA represses in vitro translation of the RNA synthetase cistron. Digestion of the complex, R17 coat protein-R17 RNA, by T1 RNase yields an RNA fragment bound to the coat protein. The nucleotide sequence of this fragment (59 residu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.10.3033
更新日期:1972-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Incorporation and conversion of icosapentaenoic acid (20:5, n - 3) by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes were studied in volunteers (n = 6) ingesting a normal Western diet supplemented with icosapentaenoic acid (approximately equal to 4 g daily). Ingestion of icosapentaenoic acid leads to formation of biologically les...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.5.1540
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::General optimization results from physics indicate that maximum efficiency of a process, in the sense of minimum overall entropy production, is achieved when the rate of entropy production is constant over time, however not in ordinary clock time but on an, in general varying, "eigen time" scale, intrinsic to the syst...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.082633699
更新日期:2002-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::For an excitable cell to function properly, a precise number of ion channel proteins need to be trafficked to distinct locations on the cell surface membrane, through a network and anchoring activity of cytoskeletal proteins. Not surprisingly, mutations in anchoring proteins have profound effects on membrane excitabil...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1323541111
更新日期:2014-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::Tramadol, previously only known as a synthetic analgesic, has now been found in the bark and wood of roots of the African medicinal tree Nauclea latifolia. At present, no direct evidence is available as to the biosynthetic pathway of its unusual skeleton. To provide guidance as to possible biosynthetic precursors, we ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1506011112
更新日期:2015-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Germ cells are required for the successful propagation of sexually reproducing species. Understanding the mechanisms by which these cells are specified and how their totipotency is established and maintained has important biomedical and evolutionary implications. Freshwater planarians serve as fascinating models for s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0609708104
更新日期:2007-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a common chronic human genetic disorder whose hallmark is systemic iron overload. Homozygosity for a mutation in the MHC class I heavy chain paralogue gene HFE has been found to be a primary cause of HH. However, many individuals homozygous for the defective allele of HFE do not deve...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.091088998
更新日期:2001-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::These studies sought to determine if neurons in the estrogen receptor-alpha knockout (ERalphaKO) mouse brain concentrated 16alpha-[125I]iodo-11beta-methoxy-17beta-estradiol (125I-estrogen), and if so, whether estrogen binding augmented the expression of progesterone receptor (PR) mRNA. Mice were injected with 125I-est...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.20.11008
更新日期:1997-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::NGC 7027 shows the richest spectrum of any known gaseous nebula. In the region of the spectrum surveyed we have measured lines of ions of H, He, C, N, O, F, Ne, Mg, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar, K, Ca, Mn, and Fe using the new Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph of Lick Observatory with a charge-coupled device (CCD) detector. Since a C...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.8.2417
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A paradox in bone tissue is that tissue-level strains due to animal and human locomotion are too small to initiate intracellular chemical responses directly. A model recently was proposed to resolve this paradox, which predicts that the fluid flow through the pericellular matrix in the lacunar-canalicular porosity due...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0407429101
更新日期:2004-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::Retinoblastoma is a childhood tumor that can arise because of mutant alleles acquired as somatic or germinal mutations. The mutant allele can be carried in the germ line. The mutations creating these alleles act by inactivating copies of a recessive oncogene located within band q14 of chromosome 13 and termed the RB1 ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.24.9059
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Truncation selection is known to be the most efficient form of directional selection. When this is modified so that the fitness increases linearly over a range of one or two standard deviations of the value of the selected character, the efficiency is reduced, but not greatly. When truncation selection is compared to ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.1.396
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recognize, understand, and interact with objects through both vision and touch. Conceivably, these two sensory systems encode object shape in similar ways, which could facilitate cross-modal communication. To test this idea, we studied single neurons in macaque monkey intermediate visual (area V4) and somatosensory...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0904186106
更新日期:2009-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::The paradigmatic example of a continuous quantum phase transition is the transverse field Ising ferromagnet. In contrast to classical critical systems, whose properties depend only on symmetry and the dimension of space, the nature of a quantum phase transition also depends on the dynamics. In the transverse field Isi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1712533114
更新日期:2017-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::In experiments originally designed to examine selective turnover of methylated "caps" in renal mRNA, we observed that [3H]methyl label decayed from mRNA containing poly(A) with a half-life of 1-2 hr. (Caps are blocked, methylated mRNA sequences of the general structure m7GpppNm p(1 or 2)Np.). To distinguish between me...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.8.2609
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A water-soluble component of membranes of cells from a Burkitt's lymphoma cultured cell line was used to develop an antiserum that detects an antigen(s) on acute leukemia cells. This antiserum did not react with nonlymphoid cultured cell lines except for human embryonic kidney cells infected with the Rauscher murine l...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.2.495
更新日期:1973-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enhanced disease resistance 1 (edr1) mutation of Arabidopsis confers resistance to powdery mildew disease caused by the fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum. Resistance mediated by the edr1 mutation is correlated with induction of several defense responses, including host cell death. Double mutant analysis revealed that ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.011405198
更新日期:2001-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Kinetic partitioning is predicted to be a general mechanism for proteins to fold into their well defined native three-dimensional structure from unfolded states following multiple folding pathways. However, experimental evidence supporting this mechanism is still limited. By using single-molecule atomic force microsco...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0706775105
更新日期:2008-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Relative cerebral glucose metabolism was examined with positron-emission tomography (PET) as a measure of neuronal activation during performance of the classically conditioned eyeblink response in 12 young adult subjects. Each subject received three sessions: (i) a control session with PET scan in which unpaired prese...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.16.7500
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coiled-coil motifs are ubiquitous mediators of specific protein-protein interactions through the formation of interlocking hydrophobic seams between alpha-helical chains. Residues that form these seams occur at the first (a) and fourth (d) positions of a characteristic 7-aa repeat and are primarily aliphatic. The pote...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0405319101
更新日期:2004-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of previous strength training can be long-lived, even after prolonged subsequent inactivity, and retraining is facilitated by a previous training episode. Traditionally, such "muscle memory" has been attributed to neural factors in the absence of any identified local memory mechanism in the muscle tissue. We h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0913935107
更新日期:2010-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::CD4-expressing T cells in lymphoid organs are infected by the primary strains of HIV and represent one of the main sources of virus replication. Gene therapy strategies are being developed that allow the transfer of exogenous genes into CD4(+) T lymphocytes whose expression might prevent viral infection or replication...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.16.8640
更新日期:1997-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::The NOVH protein belongs to the emerging CCN [Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), Cyr61/Cef10, nephroblastoma overexpressed gene] family of growth regulators sharing a strikingly conserved multimodular organization but exhibiting distinctive functional features. Two members of the family (CYR61 and CTGF) are posit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.3.869
更新日期:1999-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::In the preceding paper we described an experiment that determined the in vivo forward mutation rate in a single replication cycle for spleen necrosis virus. In addition to substitutions, frameshifts, and hypermutations, the mutated proviruses contained two classes of deletions. One class of deletions contained short d...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.16.6024
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular growth and differentiation factors induce changes in gene expression in the nucleus by initiating a series of protein associations that alter the subcellular localization of intracellular signaling proteins. Initial events involve receptor homo- or heterodimerization and subsequent recruitment of cytosol...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.10.4604
更新日期:1996-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Solar photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation is expanding rapidly in China, with total capacity projected to be 400 GW by 2030. However, severe aerosol pollution over China reduces solar radiation reaching the surface. We estimate the aerosol impact on solar PV electricity generation at the provincial and regional g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1711462114
更新日期:2017-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Secreted parasitism proteins encoded by parasitism genes expressed in esophageal gland cells mediate infection and parasitism of plants by root-knot nematodes (RKN). Parasitism gene 16D10 encodes a conserved RKN secretory peptide that stimulates root growth and functions as a ligand for a putative plant transcription ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0604698103
更新日期:2006-09-26 00:00:00