Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Laboratory investigations into cholestatic liver disease and the effects of cholemia on organ function are long-standing subjects of scientific enquiry. A widely-used strategy to investigate these topics relies on animal-based research using experimental animal models. Targeted inactivation of the spgp gene, the gene responsible for expressing the bile salt export pump (BSEP) in the hepatocyte canalicular membrane impairs the canalicular secretion of bile salts resulting in systemic cholemia. The results of in vitro experiments have established bile acids as pro-oxidants and the collection of unambiguous in vivo data on the pro-oxidant activity of bile acids in the existing models of cholemia cannot be done. Therefore, we decided to use these genetically modified mice to determine whether this model of cholemia has evidence of extrahepatic or systemic oxidative stress, one of the features of cholestatic liver disease. METHODS:The extent of lipid peroxidation in livers, kidneys, hearts and brains harvested from cholemic homozygous (spgp -/-) mice using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The data were compared to equivalent data collected from heterozygous (spgp +/-) and control mice. RESULTS:We found (1) substantial increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the brains and hearts; (2) a moderate increase in MDA levels in the kidneys; and (3) no change in MDA levels in the livers of the homozygous cholemic mice compared to the control and heterozygous mice. DISCUSSION:The transgenic mouse model of cholemia has an intact enterohepatic circulation and is uncomplicated by the adverse consequences of hepatotoxins or biliary surgery. Hepatocellular injury, as well as plasma and tissue accumulation of bilirubin and other liver-derived compounds are also negligible. Although this preliminary study could not establish a causal relationship between cholemia and oxidative stress, we believe this model is worthy of further investigation to study the impact of short-term and long-term cholemia on diverse physiological and biochemical functions such as trying to establish a causal role for bile acids in the development of oxidative stress in cholestatic liver disease.
journal_name
J Pharmacol Toxicol Methodsjournal_title
Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methodsauthors
Ljubuncic P,Yousef I,Bomzon Adoi
10.1016/j.vascn.2004.06.002keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-11-01 00:00:00pages
231-5issue
3eissn
1056-8719issn
1873-488Xpii
S1056-8719(04)00057-7journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Seizures are amongst the most frequent neurological issues encountered in pre-clinical safety testing. The objective was to characterize EEG morphologies and premonitory signs in drug-induced seizures in preclinical species. A comparative (inter-species) retrospective analysis for drug-induced seizures recorded by vid...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2019.106611
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a simple fluorometric method for the continuous monitoring of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell viability in suspensions of hepatocytes exposed in vitro to cytotoxic agents. Suspensions of freshly isolated hepatocytes (10(6) cells/mL) preloaded with rhodamine 123 (Rh 123, 100 mumol/L) are transferred...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(95)00131-x
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A large number of drugs from a variety of pharmacological classes have been demonstrated to cause adverse effects on cardiac rhythm, including the life-threatening arrhythmia Torsades de Pointes. These side effects are often associated with prolongation of the QT interval and are mediated via blockade of t...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2006.09.003
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are three major assays that must be conducted in standard investigational new drug (IND) -enabling ototoxicity study designs: 1) functional acoustic threshold measurements (Auditory Brainstem Respsonse, ABR); 2) otohistopathology and 3) cytocochleograms. We provide evidence to demonstrate the unreliability of au...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2017.09.254
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic use of beta2-agonists and increased production of inflammatory mediators during the late allergic reaction after antigen challenge results in the desensitization of beta-adrenoceptors in the airways and the accompanying rise in nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness. In this study, we established an in vivo mo...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(98)00046-x
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There has been an increasing need to conduct investigative safety pharmacology studies to complement regulatory-required studies, particularly as it applies to a comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular (CV) risk. METHODS:We describe refined methodology using a combination of telemetry and direct signal...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2016.05.002
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Recently we have demonstrated that to the choice of tissue type is important in identifying I(Kr) and I(Ks)-induced prolongation of the action potential. However, the differential sensitivity of cardiac tissues to other ionic current blockers or modulators is relatively unknown. The aim of the present stud...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2007.06.005
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of brain temperature during and after cerebral ischemia plays an important role in the evolution of neuronal damage. Therefore, it is essential to maintain brain temperature at 37 degrees C during and after the ischemic insult. To get information about brain temperature during the experimental procedure, re...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(92)90016-t
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) has been used in human and large animal research to assess body fluid compartment volumes (BFC) such as total body water (TBW), extracellular fluid volume (ECFV), and intracellular fluid volume (ICFV). To date, the application of BIS for determination of BFC in small researc...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2012.02.001
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In recent years, the anesthetized guinea pig has been used increasingly to evaluate the cardiovascular effects of drug-candidate molecules during lead optimization prior to conducting longer, more resource intensive safety pharmacology and toxicology studies. The aim of these studies was to evaluate the co...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2013.04.010
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Drug-induced QT interval prolongation may lead to ventricular arrhythmias. The aim of the study was to optimize QT interval data processing to quantify drug-induced QT interval prolongation in the telemetry instrumented conscious dog model. METHODS:The test substances cisapride, dofetilide, haloperidol, a...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2006.02.009
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sensitive and precise gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method with selected ion monitoring has been developed for determination of ketamine in the brain using chlorpheniramine as an internal standard. The assay is based on the acid extraction of brain homogenate with hexane and ethyl ether with subsequent alkali...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(99)00023-4
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Reversible protein cysteine oxidation is recognised as a pivotal post-transitional modification that transduces physiological as well as pathological signalling. Pharmacological interventions that target specific sources of oxidant formation are currently being trialled to ascertain their potential ability...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2013.07.001
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Papaya latex-induced rat paw inflammation model for evaluating antiinflammatory activity has been developed and reported earlier. A number of drugs viz. aspirin, indomethacin, piroxicam, ibuprofen, prednisolone, levamisole, chloroquine, and boswellic acids showed antiinflammatory activity in this model. As the last th...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(94)90048-5
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Measurement of tail skin temperature (T(sk)) of the rat can provide important information on mechanisms pertaining to physiology, pharmacology, and toxicology. T(sk) is largely under control of peripheral vascular tone, which is also sensitive to most experimental manipulations such as handling and restrai...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(02)00219-8
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acetylcholine-evoked relaxation of rabbit isolated thoracic aorta precontracted by phenylephrine was studied. Phenylephrine caused a steady contraction that was maintained for 6 h. In the presence of calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and ascorbic acid the contraction decreased with time. N(G)-Nit...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(99)00035-0
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the rapid assay of norepinephrine (NE) and its major metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in the mouse brain, we developed a simple method using isocratic HPLC with coulometric detection. This method permits NE and MHPG assay within 5 min in one chromatographic run. Within-run coefficients of variati...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(94)90060-4
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-content screening (HCS) systems can be used for high-throughput screening of drugs in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). However, hESCs require immunofluorescence staining with stemness markers (e.g., Oct-4) prior to HCS, which can be time consuming and labor intensive. In this study, we employed transgenic hESC...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106913
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Drug-induced QT prolongation is a major safety issue during drug development because it may lead to lethal ventricular arrhythmias. In this study, we evaluated the utility of multi-electrode arrays (MEA) with human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) to predict drug-induced QT p...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2015.12.002
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pre-marketing testing of drugs and chemicals is now a paradigm of contribution to the safeguard of public health. As pointed out by the ICH concept paper E14/S7B, there is a need for science-based frameworks that allow a better design, conduction, and interpretation of nonclinical and toxicity tests, particularly,...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106684
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We characterised the development of Type 2 diabetes and associated changes in islet appearance in female ZDF rats and explored its suitability for studies with novel therapeutic agents. METHODS:Female ZDF rats were either chow or high fat (60%) fed for up to 36 days and blood glucose and plasma insulin co...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2010.04.001
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Embryonic rat aortic smooth muscle cells, A7r5, have been used extensively as an in vitro vascular smooth muscle cell model. They are usually provided at 11th passage by supplier and generally used before 25th passage. However, the exact passage number (P#) used is not reported in general. METHODS:In this...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2014.03.001
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study a new model of cerebral ischemia, based on a middle cerebral artery (MCA) thrombosis in rats is described. Furthermore, the effect of the novel plasminogen activator (SUN9216), a plasminogen-plasminogen activator chimera, comprising the fibrin kringle 1 domain of a plasminogen, and the two kringles, and ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(93)90068-p
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Telemetry beagle dogs are the most frequently used species in cardiovascular telemetry assessments. However, beagle dogs may not be always suitable for all of the tests. Recently minipigs have received increased attention for these studies. Differences between the two species regarding the response of thei...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2014.03.172
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays are widely used in basic and applied research (Lander, E.S., (1999). Array of hope. Nature Genetics 21, 3-4; Lockhart, D.J. & Winzeler, E.A. (2000) Genomics, gene expression and DNA arrays. Nature 405, 827-836.) The need for a significant amount of starting RNA has li...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2005.02.004
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Each year the Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) recognizes an investigator who has had a marked impact upon the discipline. The 2016 recipient of the SPS Distinguished Service Award (DSA) was Dr. Craig R. Hassler. Dr. Hassler is one of the founding members of the SPS and has been actively engaged in physiological rese...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2017.04.005
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article outlines a strategy for collecting accurate data for the determination of the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of safety pharmacology models. This entails performing a retrospective analysis on commonly used safety pharmacology endpoints and an objective assessment of new non-clinical models....
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2009.05.011
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity for predicting the liability of a compound to lengthen QTc using isolated, perfused guinea pig hearts (Langendorff preparation). METHODS:QTc (Fridericia correction) was calculated from bipolar transventricular electrograms. Hearts ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2003.08.003
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a typical flowchart for discovery of novel analgesic (or other) agents, a critical path often involves maximization of the separation of the therapeutic endpoint from known adverse-effect (AE) endpoint(s). Although strategies can easily be designed for in vitro paradigms such as high-throughput screening, extension...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(00)00041-1
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A radioimmunoassay of the undecapeptide substance P (SP) and its application in rabbit lung superfusate has been developed. The assay was based on the use of a radioactive tracer, 125I-SP-Tyr8, which showed, with an excess of antibodies, a specific binding greater than 90% and a nonspecific binding lower than 2%. This...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(98)00012-4
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00