Abstract:
PURPOSE:Propensity scores are used in observational studies to adjust for confounding, although they do not provide control for confounders omitted from the propensity score model. We sought to determine if tests used to evaluate logistic model fit and discrimination would be helpful in detecting the omission of an important confounder in the propensity score. METHODS:Using simulated data, we estimated propensity scores under two scenarios: (1) including all confounders and (2) omitting the binary confounder. We compared the propensity score model fit and discrimination under each scenario, using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit (GOF) test and the c-statistic. We measured residual confounding in treatment effect estimates adjusted by the propensity score omitting the confounder. RESULTS:The GOF statistic and discrimination of propensity score models were the same for models excluding an important predictor of treatment compared to the full propensity score model. The GOF test failed to detect poor model fit for the propensity score model omitting the confounder. C-statistics under both scenarios were similar. Residual confounding was observed from using the propensity score excluding the confounder (range: 1-30%). CONCLUSIONS:Omission of important confounders from the propensity score leads to residual confounding in estimates of treatment effect. However, tests of GOF and discrimination do not provide information to detect missing confounders in propensity score models. Our findings suggest that it may not be necessary to compute GOF statistics or model discrimination when developing propensity score models.
journal_name
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Safjournal_title
Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safetyauthors
Weitzen S,Lapane KL,Toledano AY,Hume AL,Mor Vdoi
10.1002/pds.986keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-04-01 00:00:00pages
227-38issue
4eissn
1053-8569issn
1099-1557journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:To demonstrate how the Intensive Medicines Monitoring Programme (IMMP) can be used to monitor adverse events associated with an intrauterine device, using the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (Mirena) as an example. METHODS:A long-term prospective observational cohort study using Prescription Event...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.875
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study is to characterise how Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is treated in England and Wales and whether this adheres to 2009 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance on management of T2DM. METHODS:Data for T2DM patients aged 18+ years prescribed at least one anti-d...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.4092
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Bayesian hierarchical models (BHMs) have been used to identify adverse drug reactions, allowing information sharing amongst adverse reactions and drugs expected to have similar properties. This study evaluated the use of BHMs in the routine signal detection analyses of potential first-trimester teratogens, wher...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.4948
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) Project conducts near real-time vaccine safety surveillance using sequential analytic methods. Timely surveillance is critical in identifying potential safety problems and preventing additional exposure before most vaccines are administered. For vaccines that are administered d...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.2133
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is surprising to see how consumer Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) reports have been continuously increasing for the last few years in Europe. This probably results from the influence of United States (US) market where the patients feels justified in telephoning the pharmaceutical companies directly with queries regardi...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.650
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We examined the length and continuity of antidepressant treatment and factors associated with long-term of treatment among adults. METHODS:Nationwide data from all reimbursed antidepressant prescriptions in 1994-2003 were linked with patients' data retrieved from Statistics Finland and the Finnish Hospital D...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.2017
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the association between use of methylphenidate and the risk for valvular heart disease (VHD) in the Spanish primary care database BIFAP. METHODS:Case-control study nested in a cohort of patients aged 5 to 25 years between 2002 and 2014, based in a general practice research database. Cases were peopl...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.4954
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review the concept of time-dependent confounding by using the example in paper "Comparative effectiveness of individual angiotensin receptor blockers on risk of mortality in patients with chronic heart failure" by Desai et al. and illustrate how to adjust for it by using inverse probability of treatment weighting t...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.2306
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Warfarin is commonly used among patients who receive influenza, pneumococcal, and tetanus and diphtheria toxoid vaccines, and persons on warfarin therapy may also receive Hepatitis A vaccine. There has been concern that vaccinations could potentially alter coagulation parameters in patients on warfarin therapy....
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.1386
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper addresses strategies for selecting variables for adjustment in non-experimental comparative effectiveness research and uses causal graphs to illustrate the causal network that relates treatment to outcome. Variables in the causal network take on multiple structural forms. Adjustment for a common cause pathw...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/pds.3506
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The objectives of this study were to characterize the validity of algorithms to identify AF from electronic health data through a systematic review of the literature and to identify gaps needing further research. METHODS:Two reviewers examined publications during 1997-2008 that identified patients with atrial ...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/pds.2317
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine healthcare claim patterns associated using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS:The CADEUS study randomly identified NSAID users within the French health insurance database. One-year claims data were extracted, and NSAID indication was obtained from ...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/pds.3221
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixteen pathologically confirmed and 14 suspected cases of a new disease entity, fibrosing colonopathy, have been described in the UK and the US in children with cystic fibrosis since 1991. The patterns of use of pancreatic enzyme supplements in cases were compared with use in controls and in the market, in the 2 year...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1557(199709/10)6:5<347::AID-PDS
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Because health insurance claims lack clinical information, comparative effectiveness research studies that rely on these data may be challenging to interpret and may result in biased inference. We conducted an exploratory study to determine if medical information contained in patient charts could offer clinical...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.1988
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study is to quantify the impact of the different outcomes and definitions of suicidality on the association between antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and suicidality. METHODS:Retrospective cohort studies of selected AEDs (carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, phenytoin, pregabalin, topiramate an...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.3928
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.3906
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Few studies have reported an association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and tuberculosis. Tuberculosis incidence is relatively high in Asian people, and an increase in PPI prescriptions has been reported in South Korea. Thus, we investigated the association between PPI use and tuberculosis development....
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.4773
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The success of an epidemiological study for drug safety surveillance or comparative effectiveness depends largely on design and analysis strategies besides data quality. The Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) methods community implemented a collection of statistical methods with extensive paramet...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.3419
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose - The objective of this study was an evaluation of the sensitivity of findings of the relationship between oral corticosteroid use and the risk of fracture. We found in earlier work that the risk of fracture was significantly higher during oral corticosteroid treatment, with increases of 61% in hip and 160% in...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1099-1557(200009/10)9:5<359::AID-PDS507>3.
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify the relevant prescribing quality domains of type 2 diabetes mellitus care as a basis for the selection of a minimal set of prescribing quality indicators from a set of previously validated indicators. METHODS:We used the principal factor analysis to identify the underlying dimensions or domains o...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.2248
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Few recent U.S. studies have examined population-based patterns in prescription drug use and even fewer have considered detailed patterns by race/ethnicity. In a representative community sample, our objectives were to determine the most commonly used prescription drug classes, and to describe their use by age, ...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.1920
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1557(199809/10)7:5<331::AID-PDS
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To study the association between antibiotic use in early pregnancy and the risk of isolated orofacial clefts. METHODS:We conducted a cohort study of 806,011 live births in Denmark from 1996 through September 2008. Individual-level information on prescribed antibiotics during pregnancy, orofacial cleft diagnosi...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.2179
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The following article from Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, “Epidemiological evaluation of intraoperative antibiosis as a protective agent against endophthalmitis after cataract surgery” by F. Krummenauer, S. Kurz and H.B. Dick, published online on July 11 2006 inWiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 撤回出版物
doi:
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Lack of control for time-varying exposures can lead to substantial bias in estimates of treatment effects. The aim of this study is to provide an overview and guidance on some of the available methodologies used to address problems related to time-varying exposure and confounding in pharmacoepidemiology and oth...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/pds.4372
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent evidence suggested that oral form of domperidone may possess pro-arrhythmic effects and increase the risk of ventricular arrhythmia. The concomitant use of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 isoenzyme inhibitors may further potentiate this association. Nevertheless, empirical data supporting these associations...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.3814
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Use of albumin (indications and quantities involved) has not been assessed in France since major changes occurred after the publication of Cochrane group meta-analysis. The objectives of this study were to measure the repartition of albumin indications in three French university hospitals in 2004 and to assess ...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.1328
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent and important outcome and covariate in pharmacoepidemiology. The Health Improvement Network (THIN) in the UK represents a unique resource for population-based studies of CKD. We compiled a valid list of Read codes to identify subjects with moderate to advanced CKD. M...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.2203
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe published validation studies of administrative health care claims data in the Asia-Pacific region. METHODS:A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed for English language articles published through 31-Oct-2017 in humans from 10 Asian-Pacific countries or regions (Japan, Australia, Ne...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/pds.4616
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess the validity of dispensed prescription to classify exposure to medications used episodically during pregnancy, and to explore individual trajectories of episodic medication use across pregnancy, using triptans for migraine as the motivating example. METHODS:We compared self-reported triptan use durin...
journal_title:Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/pds.5089
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00