Abstract:
:A physiologically based model for gastrointestinal transit and absorption in humans is presented. The model can be used to study the dependency of the fraction dose absorbed (F(abs)) of both neutral and ionizable compounds on the two main physicochemical input parameters (the intestinal permeability coefficient (P(int)) and the solubility in the intestinal fluids (S(int))) as well as physiological parameters such as the gastric emptying time and the intestinal transit time. For permeability-limited compounds, the model produces the established sigmoidal dependence between F(abs) and P(int). In case of solubility-limited absorption, the model enables calculation of the critical mass-solubility ratio, which defines the onset of nonlinearity in the response of fraction absorbed to dose. In addition, an analytical equation to calculate the intestinal permeability coefficient based on the compound's membrane affinity and molecular weight was used successfully in combination with the physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PB-PK) model to predict the human fraction dose absorbed of compounds with permeability-limited absorption. Cross-validation demonstrated a root-mean-square prediction error of 7% for passively absorbed compounds.
journal_name
J Med Chemjournal_title
Journal of medicinal chemistryauthors
Willmann S,Schmitt W,Keldenich J,Lippert J,Dressman JBdoi
10.1021/jm030999bkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-07-29 00:00:00pages
4022-31issue
16eissn
0022-2623issn
1520-4804journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Influenza virus (IFV) causes periodic global influenza pandemics, resulting in substantial socioeconomic loss and burden on medical facilities. Yearly variation in the effectiveness of vaccines, slow responsiveness to vaccination in cases of pandemic IFV, and emerging resistance to available drugs highlight the need t...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01227
更新日期:2017-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::There is currently no ideal radiotracer for imaging of protein synthesis rate (PSR) by positron emission tomography (PET). Existing fluorine-18-labeled amino acid-based radiotracers predominantly visualize amino acid transporter processes, and in many cases they are not incorporated into nascent proteins at all. Other...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00968
更新日期:2016-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Recently we reported the synthesis of the first enantiomeric pair of irreversible opioid ligands [(3S,4R)-(-)- and (3R,4S)-(+)-cis-4, SUPERFIT] and specific interaction of the latter with the delta receptor. Here we report another enantiomeric pair of irreversible opioid ligands, (+)-trans- and (-)-trans-3-methylfenta...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00126a040
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endocannabinoid hydrolyzing enzyme FAAH uses a nonclassical catalytic triad (namely, Ser-Ser-Lys instead of Ser-Asp-His) to cleave its endogenous substrates. Because inhibiting FAAH has a clear therapeutic potential, we previously developed β-lactam-type inhibitors of hFAAH. Here, we report the synthesis of five n...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm200723m
更新日期:2011-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::Analogues of the anticonvulsant agent milacemide (1,2-(n-pentylamino)acetamide), in which the carboxamide group is changed to a nitrile (2), a carbethoxy group (3), a carboxylic acid (4), a cyanomethyl group (5), and a trifluoromethyl group (6), were synthesized and tested as substrates and inactivators of monoamine o...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00056a004
更新日期:1993-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous reports have highlighted the first-generation leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor antagonist SC-41930 (7-[3-(4-acetyl-3-methoxy-2-propylphenoxy)propoxy]3,4- dihydro-8-propyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid) which has potent oral, topical, and intracolonic activity in various animal models of inflammation. Ex...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00006a002
更新日期:1995-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::EGFR-targeted inhibitors (gefitinib and erlotinib) provided an effective strategy for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. However, the EGFR T790M secondary mutation has become a leading cause of clinically acquired resistance to these agents. Herein, on the basis of the previously reported irreversible EGFR i...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00403
更新日期:2016-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::Production of the Gag-Pol polyprotein in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) requires a -1 ribosomal frameshift, which is directed by a highly conserved RNA stem-loop. Building on our discovery of a set of disulfide-containing peptides that bind this RNA, we describe medicinal chemistry efforts designed to begin to und...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm100231t
更新日期:2010-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::A three-dimensional structure of the complex of human renin and the scissile site P4 Pro to P1' Val of angiotensinogen was deduced in order to design potent human renin inhibitors rationally. On the basis of this structure, an orally potent human renin inhibitor (1a) was designed from the angiotensinogen transition st...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00172a005
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Structure-based methods were used to design a potent and highly selective group II p21-activated kinase (PAK) inhibitor with a novel binding mode, compound 17. Hydrophobic interactions within a lipophilic pocket past the methionine gatekeeper of group II PAKs approached by these type I 1/2 binders were found to be imp...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm401768t
更新日期:2014-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer cell targeting peptides have emerged as a highly efficient approach for selective delivery of chemotherapeutics and diagnostics to different cancer cells. However, the use of α-peptides in pharmaceutical applications is hindered by their enzymatic degradation and low bioavailability. Starting with a 10-mer α-pe...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm200750x
更新日期:2011-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported the discovery of 4-[(Z)-(4-bromophenyl)(ethoxyimino)methyl]-1'-[(2,4-dimethyl-3-pyridinyl)carbonyl]-4'-methyl-1,4'-bipiperidine N-oxide 1 (SCH 351125) as an orally bioavailable human CCR5 antagonist for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Herein, we describe in detail the discovery of 1 from our i...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm0200815
更新日期:2002-07-04 00:00:00
abstract::Various hydrophilic pyrazine-bis(carboxamides) derived from 3,5-diamino-pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid bearing neutral and anionic groups were prepared and evaluated for use as fluorescent glomerular filtration rate (GFR) tracer agents. Among these, the dianionic d-serine pyrazine derivatives 2d and 2j, and the neutra...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm200257k
更新日期:2011-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::A series of 7-(3-amino- or 3-aminomethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-o xo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids was synthesized and tested for antibacterial activity. Unique to these quinolones was the presence of a methyl or phenyl group in the pyrrolidine ring. Although the in vitro activity of th...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00164a060
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::[4-Threonine, 7-glycine]oxytocin and [1-(L-2-hydroxy-3-mercaptopropanoic acid), 4-threonine, 7-glycine]oxytocin (hydroxy[Thr4, Gly7]oxytocin) were synthesized by a combination of solid-phase and classical methods of peptide synthesis. A protected octapeptide was synthesized by the solid-phase method and following ammo...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00211a025
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A codrug of the anti-Alzheimer drug tacrine and the natural product silibinin was synthesized. The codrug's biological and pharmacological properties were compared to an equimolar mixture of the components. The compound showed potent acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition. In a cellular hepatotoxicity model, ana...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm300246n
更新日期:2012-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::We have introduced topographical constraints at the 9 position of a superpotent cyclic alpha-melanotropin analogue, Ac-Nle4-Asp5-His6-DPhe7-Arg8-Trp9-Lys10-NH2, by incorporating a methyl group at the beta-carbon of Trp9. These studies were performed on the Trp side chain pharmacophore to identify the bioactive topogra...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00023a012
更新日期:1995-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines are potent protein kinase inhibitors with promising antitumor activity but suboptimal aqueous solubility, consequently worth being further optimized. Herein, we present the one-pot two-step procedure for the synthesis of a set of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine prodrugs (1a-8a and 9a-e) with highe...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00637
更新日期:2017-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Novel quinazolin-4-one derivatives containing a hydroxamic acid moiety were designed and synthesized. All compounds were subjected to histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymatic assays to identify selective HDAC6 inhibitors with nanomolar IC50 values. (E)-3-(2-Ethyl-7-fluoro-4-oxo-3-phenethyl-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-6-yl)-N-hy...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm400564j
更新日期:2013-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::With the aim of up-regulating antitumor efficacy and down-regulating adverse effects, three types of aromatic imide and diimides were designed to couple with different polyamines. The in vitro assays revealed that two naphthalene diimide-polyamine conjugates could inhibit the growth of multiple cancer cell lines more ...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm300168w
更新日期:2012-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells in response to glucose or other secretagogues is tightly coupled to membrane potential. Various studies have highlighted the prospect of enhancing insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner by blocking voltage-gated potassium channels (K(v)) and calcium-activated potassium ...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm401904q
更新日期:2014-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::FLT3 receptor tyrosine kinase is aberrantly active in many cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recently, bis(1H-indol-2-yl)methanones were found to inhibit FLT3 and PDGFR kinases. To optimize FLT3 activity and selectivity, 35 novel derivatives were synthesized and tested for inhibition of FLT3 and PDGFR autophospho...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm058033i
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several novel azulene-containing retinoids were prepared and evaluated for their ability to suppress carcinogen-induced neoplastic transformation and to concomitantly up-regulate gap junctional communication in the in vitro mouse fibroblast C3H/10T1/2 cell bioassay. The azulenic retinoids were divided into two groups:...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00073a013
更新日期:1993-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::If no structural information about a particular target protein is available, methods of rational drug design try to superimpose putative ligands with a given reference, e.g., an endogenous ligand. The goal of such structural alignments is, on the one hand, to approximate the binding geometry and, on the other hand, to...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm981037l
更新日期:1998-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::The specificity of nucleic acids' binders is crucial for developing this kind of drug, especially for novel G-quadruplexes' binders. Quindoline derivatives have been developed as G-quadruplex stabilizers with good interactive activities. In order to improve the selectivity and binding affinity of quindoline derivative...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00016
更新日期:2017-07-13 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) have been applied to elucidate the mechanisms of genotoxicity (SOSIP) of nitrofuran derivatives on Escherichia coli PQ37. The following equation was developed: log SOSIP = -33.1qc2 + 1.00 log P - 1.50Isat - 1.19MR - 0....
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00060a008
更新日期:1993-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) is a nuclear receptor associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Allosteric inhibition of RORγt is conceptually new, unique for this specific nuclear receptor, and offers advantages over traditional orthosteric inhibition. Here, we report a highly...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01372
更新日期:2020-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::The receptor CRM1 is responsible for the nuclear export of many tumor-suppressor proteins and viral ribonucleoproteins. This renders CRM1 an interesting target for therapeutic intervention in diverse cancer types and viral diseases. Structural studies of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CRM1 ( Sc ...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00143
更新日期:2020-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::A series of tetrahydrobenzofuranyl and tetrahydrobenzothienyl propenoic acids that showed potent agonist activity against RXRalpha were synthesized via a structure-based design approach. Among the compounds studied, 46a,b showed not only very good potency against RXRalpha (K(i) = 6 nM) but was also found to be greater...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm030565g
更新日期:2004-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::CC-chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is an attractive target for preventing the entry of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) into human host cells. Maraviroc is the only CCR5 antagonist, and it was marketed in 2007. To overcome the shortcomings of maraviroc, structure-based drug design was performed to minimize CYP450 in...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01077
更新日期:2018-11-08 00:00:00