Abstract:
:Is there specialization for visual word recognition within the visual ventral stream of literate human adults? We review the evidence for a specialized "visual word form area" and critically examine some of the arguments recently placed against this hypothesis. Three distinct forms of specialization must be distinguished: functional specialization, reproducible localization, and regional selectivity. Examination of the literature with this theoretical division in mind indicates that reading activates a precise subpart of the left ventral occipitotemporal sulcus, and that patients with pure alexia consistently exhibit lesions of this region (reproducible localization). Second, this region implements processes adequate for reading in a specific script, such as invariance across upper- and lower-case letters, and its lesion results in the selective loss of reading-specific processes (functional specialization). Third, the issue of regional selectivity, namely, the existence of putative cortical patches dedicated to letter and word recognition, cannot be resolved by positron emission tomography or lesion data, but requires high-resolution neuroimaging techniques. The available evidence from single-subject fMRI and intracranial recordings suggests that some cortical sites respond preferentially to letter strings than to other categories of visual stimuli such as faces or objects, though the preference is often relative rather than absolute. We conclude that learning to read results in the progressive development of an inferotemporal region increasingly responsive to visual words, which is aptly named the visual word form area (VWFA).
journal_name
Neuroimagejournal_title
NeuroImageauthors
Cohen L,Dehaene Sdoi
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.12.049keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-05-01 00:00:00pages
466-76issue
1eissn
1053-8119issn
1095-9572pii
S1053811904000576journal_volume
22pub_type
信件相关文献
NEUROIMAGE文献大全abstract::Detection of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation in white matter has been increasingly reported despite historically being controversial. Much of the development work to-date has used high-field 4 T MRI and specialized pulse sequences. In the current study, we utilized conventional 3 T MRI and a co...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.008
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters and T(1) relaxometry values were used to create parametric maps characterizing the tissue microstructure of the neonatal brain in infants born very premature (24-32 gestational weeks) and scanned at preterm and term equivalent age. Group-wis...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.08.086
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synchronization plays a fundamental role in healthy cognitive and motor function. However, how synchronization depends on the interplay between local dynamics, coupling and topology and how prone to synchronization a network is, given its topological organization, are still poorly understood issues. To investigate the...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.04.029
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A multitude of functional imaging studies revealed a mass activation effect at the level of the sensorimotor cortex during repetitive finger-tapping or finger-to-thumb opposition tasks in terms of either a stepwise or a monotonic relationship between movement rate and hemodynamic response. With respect to subcortical ...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00003-x
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::During auditory perception, we are required to abstract information from complex temporal sequences such as those in music and speech. Here, we investigated how higher-order statistics modulate the neural responses to sound sequences, hypothesizing that these modulations are associated with higher levels of the peri-S...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.038
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::EEG mu rhythms (8-13 Hz) recorded at fronto-central electrodes are generally considered as markers of motor cortical activity in humans, because they are modulated when participants perform an action, when they observe another's action or even when they imagine performing an action. In this study, we analyzed the time...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.01.018
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques, such as echo-planar imaging, can permit rapid, sensitive, whole-brain measurements of local blood flow-induced MR signal changes seen during cognitive paradigms. Changes in blood oxygenation due to mismatch of flow and oxygen metabolism cause dynamic variations ...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/nimg.1997.0289
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sexual dimorphism of brain structures has been reported in some species. We report that sex-dependent developmental structure changes exist in the C57Bl/6(J) mouse, a common model for the genetic analysis of brain function. High resolution, three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) images were obtaine...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.03.051
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothalamus consists of numerous nuclei, and is regarded as the highest center for various autonomic functions. Although each hypothalamic nucleus implements a distinct function, it remains difficult to investigate the human hypothalamus at the nucleus level. In the present high-resolution functional MRI study, w...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.08.056
更新日期:2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of brain edema, in its various forms, is an accompanying feature of many diseased states. Although the localized occurrence of brain edema may be demonstrated with MRI, the quantitative determination of absolute water content, an aspect that could play an important role in the objective evaluation of the ...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.12.063
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a widespread interest in applying pattern recognition methods to anatomical neuroimaging data, but so far, there has been relatively little investigation into how best to derive image features in order to make the most accurate predictions. In this work, a Gaussian Process machine learning approach was used f...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.065
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder diagnosed on the basis of motor symptoms, but that also includes cognitive and visuo-spatial deficits. Though PD is known to initially affect subcortical regions, the cortex also exhibits neuronal loss in the course of the disease as post mortem studi...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.12.043
更新日期:2011-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::This multi-study connectivity analysis explores the functional connectivity of the cerebellum with the cerebrum in social mentalizing, that is, understanding the mind of another person. The analysis covers 5 studies (n=92) involving abstract and complex forms of social mentalizing such as (a) person and group impressi...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.09.001
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we propose a new automated procedure for lesion identification from single images based on the detection of outlier voxels. We demonstrate the utility of this procedure using artificial and real lesions. The scheme rests on two innovations: First, we augment the generative model used for combined segmen...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.03.028
更新日期:2008-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined intrahemispheric functional connectivity during rest and dichotic listening in 8 male and 9 female healthy young adults measured with magnetoencephalography (MEG). Generalized synchronization within the separate hemispheres was estimated by means of the synchronization likelihood that is sen...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.015
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral hemispheric specialization has traditionally been described using a lateralization index (LI). Such an index, however, shows a very severe threshold dependency and is prone to be influenced by statistical outliers. Reliability of this index thus has been inherently weak, and the assessment of this reliability...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.07.010
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate human brain activity during the reading of ancient Japanese texts using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Thirty right-handed normal Japanese subjects performed two reading tasks: covert reading of (1) ancient and (2) modern Japanese text. Common areas are activated du...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.01.041
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our visual system readily groups dynamic fragmented input into global objects. How the brain represents global object perception remains however unclear. To address this question, we recorded brain responses using functional magnetic resonance imaging whilst observers viewed a dynamic bistable stimulus that could eith...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116926
更新日期:2020-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Chiari II-malformation is a complex congenital deformity of the brain which is frequently associated with hydrocephalus. Abnormalities of the corpus callosum are known to occur in the majority of patients. The objective of the present study was to study the microstructure of the corpus callosum (CC) and the anterior c...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.09.006
更新日期:2009-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Micro-electrocorticograph (μECoG) arrays offer the flexibility to record local field potentials (LFPs) from the surface of the cortex, using high density electrodes that are sub-mm in diameter. Research to date has not provided conclusive evidence for the underlying signal generation of μECoG recorded LFPs, or if μECo...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.09.043
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The first two decades of brain research using fMRI have been dominated by studies that measure signal changes in response to a presented task. A rapidly increasing number of studies are showing that consistent activation maps appear by assessment of signal correlations during time periods in which the subjects were no...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.06.078
更新日期:2012-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) plaque deposits and inflammatory immune activation are thought to alter various aspects of tissue microstructure, such as extracellular free water, fractional anisotropy and diffusivity, as well as the density and geometric arrangement of axonal processes. Quantifying these microstructural...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116138
更新日期:2019-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The dual-process theory of reasoning explained the belief-bias effect, the tendency for human reasoning to be erroneously biased when logical conclusions are incongruent with belief about the world, by proposing a belief-based fast heuristic system and a logic-based slow analytic system. Although the claims were suppo...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.026
更新日期:2010-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to evaluate outcomes of previous decisions is critical to adaptive decision-making. The feedback-related negativity (FRN) is an event-related potential (ERP) modulation that distinguishes losses from wins, but little is known about the effects of outcome probability on these ERP responses. Further, little ...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.11.056
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) has been used to assess healthy and pathological tissue in both animals and humans. However, the CEST signal from blood has not been fully assessed. This paper presents the CEST and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) signals detected in human blood measured via z-spectrum...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.10.053
更新日期:2018-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents the conjecture that functional integration may be mediated by the mutual induction and maintenance of stereotyped spatiotemporal patterns of activity (i.e., transients) in different neuronal populations. In contradistinction to temporal and rate coding models of neuronal interactions, transient cod...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/nimg.1997.0260
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to learn associations between stimuli, responses and rewards is a prerequisite for survival. Models of reinforcement learning suggest that the striatum, a basal ganglia input nucleus, vitally contributes to these learning processes. Our recently presented computational model predicts, first, that not only ...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.07.061
更新日期:2015-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Economic decision-making involves the weighting of magnitude and probability of potential gains/losses. While previous work has examined the neural systems involved in decision-making, there is a need to understand how the parameters associated with decision-making (e.g., magnitude of expected reward, probability of e...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.08.016
更新日期:2009-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Functional neuroimaging studies have helped identify neural systems involved in cognitive processing and more recently have indicated limbic activation to emotional stimuli. Some functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported increased amygdala response during exposure to emotional stimuli while ot...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1097
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported that prosaccade amplitude gain and antisaccade error rate are correlated with cerebellar and posterior frontal grey matter volume, respectively. This study sought to replicate and extend these findings in a sample of 32 right-handed, healthy volunteers (14 males, 18 females). Participants underw...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.019
更新日期:2005-01-15 00:00:00