Abstract：
:A conspicuous long-term consequence of hypertension is a thickening of the arterial wall, which many suggest returns the circumferential wall stress toward its normal value. This thickening results from an increase in smooth muscle and extracellular matrix, with the associated growth and remodeling processes depending on a host of regulatory signals that likely include the altered mechanical environment. Although the precise mechanotransduction pathways remain unknown, we propose that vasoconstriction may be an early response of the arterial wall to a step-change in pressure. In particular, computations suggest that such a response can decrease the magnitude and transmural gradients of the pressure-induced wall stresses and return the mean wall shear stress toward its homeostatic value. Such an initial 'compensatory vasoconstriction' could also help set into motion subsequent growth and remodeling responses due to growth regulatory characteristics of the vasoactive molecules (e.g., nitric oxide, endothelin-1, angiotensin-II). Although the consequences of growth and remodeling have been the focus of prior biomechanical and histological studies, early responses dictate subsequent developments and therefore deserve increased attention in vascular biomechanics and mechanobiology.
journal_name
J Biomechjournal_title
Journal of biomechanicsauthors
Humphrey JD,Wilson Edoi
10.1016/s0021-9290(03)00178-7keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-11-01 00:00:00pages
1595-601issue
11eissn
0021-9290issn
1873-2380pii
S0021929003001787journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Interstitial fluid flow has been shown to affect the organization and behavior of cells in 3D environments in vivo and in vitro, yet the forces driving such responses are not clear. Due to the complex architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the difficulty of measuring fluid flow near cells embedded in it, t...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.06.023
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is generally accepted that spine control and stability are relevant for the prevention and rehabilitation of low back pain (LBP). However, there are conflicting results in the literature in regards to how these variables are modified in the presence of LBP. The aims of the present work were twofold: (1) to use noxi...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.04.010
更新日期：2017-06-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Implant fixation implies a strong and durable mechanical bond between the prosthetic component and host skeleton. Assuming the short-term impediments to implant fixation are successfully addressed and that longer-term issues such as late infection and mechanical failure of the components are avoided, the biological re...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.12.021
更新日期：2015-03-18 00:00:00
abstract：:A dry-land rowing system was developed to provide the coach and/or athlete with quantitative information about the athlete's kinetics and kinematics while the athlete trains. This system consists of a Concept II rowing ergometer instrumented with a force transducer and potentiometer, four electrogoniometers attached t...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(99)00139-6
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Knowledge about in vivo spinal loads is required for the identification of risk factors for low back pain and for realistic preclinical testing of spinal implants. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to measure the in vivo forces on a vertebral body replacement (VBR) during trunk flexion and to analyze in deta...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.01.007
更新日期：2015-02-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to employ subject-specific computer models to evaluate the interaction of glenohumeral range-of-motion and Hill-Sachs humeral head bone defect size on engagement and shoulder dislocation. We hypothesized that the rate of engagement would increase as defect size increased, and that greater...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.11.001
更新日期：2016-02-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Tendon elasticity is important for economical locomotion; however it is unknown whether tendon stiffness is appropriate to achieve an optimal efficiency in various muscles. Here we test the hypothesis that the Achilles tendon is of an appropriate stiffness to maximise medial gastrocnemius muscle efficiency during loco...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.07.025
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human crawling performance and technique are of broad interest to roboticists, biomechanists, and military personnel. This study explores the variables that define crawling performance in the context of an outdoor obstacle course used by military organizations worldwide to evaluate the effects of load and personal equ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.12.030
更新日期：2019-02-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult articular cartilage has depth-dependent mechanical and biochemical properties which contribute to zone-specific functions. The compressive moduli of immature cartilage and tissue-engineered cartilage are known to be lower than those of adult cartilage. The objective of this study was to determine if such tissues...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.11.002
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve compression due to intervertebral disc (IVD) bulging is a known mechanism for low back pain and typically occurs in the posterior region of the disc. Most in vitro studies are limited in the ability to quantify the magnitude of bulging on the posterior aspect of the disc due to the boney structures that occlude ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109713
更新日期：2020-05-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscle fatigue alters neuromuscular responses. This may lead to increased sensitivity to perturbations and possibly to subsequent injury risk. We studied the effects of muscle fatigue on movement stability during a repetitive upper extremity task. Twenty healthy young subjects performed a repetitive work task, similar...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.11.001
更新日期：2010-03-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Rubin et al. [J. Biomechanics 23, 43-54 (1990)] proposed that high frequency bone strains in the 15-30 Hz range might have significant influence on the morphological adaptation of bone tissue. We sought to further their findings by determining the magnitude of high frequency strains during various activities. We measu...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(95)80005-0
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The finite element method described in this study provides an easy method to simulate the kinetics of multibody mechanisms. It is used in order to develop a musculoskeletal model of the shoulder mechanism. Each relevant morphological structure has been represented by an appropriate element. For the shoulder mechanism ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(94)90065-5
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in magnesium (Mg) and its alloys as biomaterials for orthopaedic applications, as they possess desirable mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Also shown to be osteoinductive, Mg-based materials could be particularly advantageous in func...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.12.003
更新日期：2014-06-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Subchondral bone undecalcified samples, extracted from bovine femoral heads, are subjected to a direct tensile load. The Young's modulus of each sample is determined from repeated tests within the elastic limit. In a last test, the tensile load is increased up to the specimen failure, determining the ultimate tensile ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(00)00074-9
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Improper activation of the quadriceps muscles vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) has been implicated in the development of patellofemoral pain (PFP). This explanation of PFP assumes that VM and VL produce opposing mediolateral forces on the patella. Although studies have provided evidence for opposing acti...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.09.007
更新日期：2018-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:As a hybrid between a hypodermic needle and transdermal patch, we have used microfabrication technology to make arrays of micron-scale needles that transport drugs and other compounds across the skin without causing pain. However, not all microneedle geometries are able to insert into skin at reasonable forces and wit...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2003.12.010
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT) is an interferometric technique sensitive to birefringence. Since mechanical loading alters the orientation of birefringent collagen fibrils, we asked if PSOCT can be used to measure local mechanical properties of sclera. Infrared (1300 nm) PSOCT was performe...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.03.017
更新日期：2018-04-27 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to move the finger the tendon force must overcome the gliding resistance of the tendon as well as the forces to move the joints, finger inertias, and external load. These sources, combined, make up the work of flexion (WOF) which has been experimentally used to evaluate the finger function. In this study, we ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(02)00300-7
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to obtain insight into the coactivation behaviour of the jaw muscles under various a priori defined static loading conditions of the mandible. As the masticatory system is mechanically redundant, an infinite number of recruitment patterns is theoretically possible to produce a certain bite fo...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(90)90303-k
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of this study were: 1. To study the transfer of energy between the high bar and the gymnast. 2. To develop criteria from the utilisation of high bar elasticity and the utilisation of muscle capacity to assess the effectiveness of a movement solution. 3. To study the influence of varying segment movement upon ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00134-1
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human compact bone may be viewed as a fiber reinforced composite material in which the secondary osteons act as the fiber reinforcements. The cement line, which is the interface between the 'fibers' (osteons) and extraosteonal bone matrix, may impart important mechanical properties to compact bone. The nature of these...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(88)90132-7
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distal foot power equation is a simple yet powerful tool for estimating the power dissipation or generation within the foot even while modeling it as a rigid body. It was introduced over two decades ago, but has seen a resurgence of use in recent years. Nevertheless, the theoretical justification for this formula ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109964
更新日期：2020-08-26 00:00:00
abstract：:With the aim of proposing modelling equations for the length, force and shortening velocity of the triceps brachii, an X-ray and biomechanical study was carried out on the elbow joint. Two series of three upper right limbs removed from cadavers were used. It allowed us to situate the articular rotational axis of the e...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(95)00032-1
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To improve the treatments for low back pain, new designs of total disk replacement have been proposed. The question is how well these designs can act as a functional replacement of the intervertebral disk. Four finite element models were made, for four different design concepts, to determine how well they can mimic th...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.09.017
更新日期：2012-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：:This study suggests a method that, on the basis of concurrent cinematographic and dynamometric measurements, detects the motion of the visceral part of the body, provided that an estimate of its mass has been given in advance and the periodicity of the system dynamics can be assumed. The mathematical model provides eq...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(94)90036-1
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes a method to simulate fusion of morselized cancellous bone. The morselized cancellous bone is mixed with an epoxy adhesive, in empirically determined proportions. The mixture is then impacted into a construct. When the epoxy cures, the morselized material fuses into a cohesive, contiguous structu...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00032-x
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macroscopic structural damage to the cartilage articular surface can occur due to slicing in surgery, cracking in mechanical trauma, or fibrillation in early stage osteoarthrosis. These alterations may render cartilage matrix and chondrocytes susceptible to subsequent mechanical injury and contribute to progression of...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.01.026
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For in vivo impact loadings administered under controlled initial conditions, it was hypothesized that larger initial knee angles (IKA) and softer impacting interfaces would reduce impact loading and initial leg stiffness. A human pendulum was used to deliver controlled impacts to the right foot of 21 subjects for thr...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lymphatic valves facilitate the lymphatic system's role in maintaining fluid homeostasis. Malformed valves are found in several forms of primary lymphœdema, resulting in incurable swelling of the tissues and immune dysfunction. Their experimental study is complicated by their small size and operation in low pressure a...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.09.040
更新日期：2017-11-07 00:00:00
