Abstract：
:When a head is placed in an MRI scanner, differences between the magnetic susceptibility of tissue, bone, and air distort the magnetic field. While some of the resulting inhomogeneity can be corrected by the shimming process, much of it cannot, and this causes distortion (sometimes referred to as geometric distortion) of echo-planar images (EPIs). One strategy for the correction of distortion is to acquire a map of the magnetic field achieved in each subject and then to use this to undistort their EPIs after reconstruction (). Here, we present five experiments to evaluate the application of such a strategy on data from a 3-T scanner. We show that after undistortion, the shape of EPIs is more similar to the true shape of the brain, and we investigate the effect of head movement on the efficacy of undistortion. If undistortion was applied first, it was found that less nonlinear warping was required to transform EPIs into a standard space, particularly in the phase-encode direction. We show that if SPM 99 normalization is used to perform a nonlinear warp to standard space, the prior application of undistortion increases the statistical power of group studies with motor and auditory tasks. We show that this increase in power is due to an increase in the overlap of activation of different subjects. Finally, we evaluate where in the brain undistorting EPIs might be expected to have the greatesteffect, in terms both of mislocalization of activationand of a reduction in power. Overall, undistorting EPIs using field maps has proved extremely successful, improving the anatomical localization of activation and increasing statistical power.
journal_name
Neuroimagejournal_title
NeuroImageauthors
Cusack R,Brett M,Osswald Kdoi
10.1006/nimg.2002.1281keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-01-01 00:00:00pages
127-42issue
1eissn
1053-8119issn
1095-9572pii
S1053811902912814journal_volume
18pub_type
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