Brines in seepage channels as eluants for subsurface relict biomolecules on Mars?

abstract：:In this work, we provide an answer to the question formulated by Albert Eschenmoser: "How would you envisage the bridge between potentially primordial geochemistry that had been disordered and one that gradually became self-organizing?" Analysis of the free-energy profiles of some of the key reactions leading to forma...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Šponer JE,Šponer J,Di Mauro E

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dryness is one of the main environmental challenges to microbial survival. Understanding the threshold of microbial tolerance to extreme dryness is relevant to better constrain the environmental limits of life on Earth and critically evaluate long-term habitability models of Mars. Biomolecular proxies for microbial ad...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Wilhelm MB,Davila AF,Parenteau MN,Jahnke LL,Abate M,Cooper G,Kelly ET,Parro García V,Villadangos MG,Blanco Y,Glass B,Wray JJ,Eigenbrode JL,Summons RE,Warren-Rhodes K

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We revisit the validity of the presence of O(2) or O(3) in the atmosphere of a rocky planet as being a biosignature. Up to now, the false positive that has been identified applies to a planet during a hot greenhouse runaway, which is restricted to planets outside the habitable zone (HZ) of the star that are closer to ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Léger A,Fontecave M,Labeyrie A,Samuel B,Demangeon O,Valencia D

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Hayabusa2 mission successfully collected samples from the asteroid Ryugu last year and will return these to Earth in December 2020. It is anticipated that the samples will enable the analysis of terrestrially uncontaminated organic matter and minerals. Such analyses are in turn expected to elucidate the evolution ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Potiszil C,Tanaka R,Kobayashi K,Kunihiro T,Nakamura E

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This experiment was aimed at establishing, for the first time, the survival capability of lichens exposed to space conditions. In particular, the damaging effect of various wavelengths of extraterrestrial solar UV radiation was studied. The lichens used were the bipolar species Rhizocarpon geographicum and Xanthoria e...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Sancho LG,de la Torre R,Horneck G,Ascaso C,de Los Rios A,Pintado A,Wierzchos J,Schuster M

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent measurements of methane (CH4) by the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) now confront us with robust data that demand interpretation. Thus far, the MSL data have revealed a baseline level of CH4 (∼0.4 parts per billion by volume [ppbv]), with seasonal variations, as well as greatly enhanced spikes of CH4 with peak ab...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Yung YL,Chen P,Nealson K,Atreya S,Beckett P,Blank JG,Ehlmann B,Eiler J,Etiope G,Ferry JG,Forget F,Gao P,Hu R,Kleinböhl A,Klusman R,Lefèvre F,Miller C,Mischna M,Mumma M,Newman S,Oehler D,Okumura M,Oremland R,

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the impact of active M dwarf stars on the atmospheric equilibrium and surface conditions of a habitable zone Earth-like planet is key to assessing M dwarf planet habitability. Previous modeling of the impact of electromagnetic (EM) radiation and protons from a single large flare on an Earth-like atmosphe...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Tilley MA,Segura A,Meadows V,Hawley S,Davenport J

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The articles associated with this Special Collection focus on the NASA BASALT (Biologic Analog Science Associated with Lava Terrains) Research Program, which aims at answering the question, "How do we support and enable scientific exploration during human Mars missions?" To answer this the BASALT team conducted scient...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Lim DSS,Abercromby AFJ,Kobs Nawotniak SE,Lees DS,Miller MJ,Brady AL,Miller MJ,Mirmalek Z,Sehlke A,Payler SJ,Stevens AH,Haberle CW,Beaton KH,Chappell SP,Hughes SS,Cockell CS,Elphic RC,Downs MT,Heldmann JL

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lunar dust toxicity has to be evaluated in view of future manned missions to the Moon. Previous studies on lunar specimens and simulated dusts have revealed an oxidant activity assigned to HO· release. However, the mechanisms behind the reactivity of lunar dust are still quite unclear at the molecular level. In the pr...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Turci F,Corazzari I,Alberto G,Martra G,Fubini B

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small-scale terracing (microterracettes) is a surface geomorphic feature that recurs under a range of environmental settings, such as those existing in high to low temperature geothermal springs and evaporitic environments, through the single or combined action of physicochemical agents and microbiological processes. ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Barbieri R,Cavalazzi B

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two terrestrial environments that have been proposed as analogs for the iron oxide precipitation in the Meridiani Planum region of Mars include the Rio Tinto precipitates and southern Utah marble concretions. Samples of two typical Utah iron oxide concretions and iron oxide precipitates in contact with biofilms from R...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Souza-Egipsy V,Ormö J,Beitler Bowen B,Chan MA,Komatsu G

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Formation of microtubules in volcanic glass from subsurface environments has been widely attributed to in situ activity of micro-organisms, but evidence directly linking those structures to biological processes remains lacking. Investigations into the alternative possibility of abiotic tubule formation have been limit...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： McCollom TM,Donaldson C

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is concern in many developed countries that school students are turning away from science. However, students may be choosing not to study science and dismissing the possibility of a scientific career because, in the junior secondary years, they gain a false view of science and the work of scientists. There is a ...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Fergusson J,Oliver C,Walter MR

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyanobacteria and similar organisms produced most of the oxygen found in Earth's atmosphere, which implies that early photosynthetic organisms would have lived in an atmosphere that was rich in CO2 and poor in O2. We investigated the tolerance of several cyanobacteria to very high (>20 kPa) concentrations of atmospher...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Thomas DJ,Sullivan SL,Price AL,Zimmerman SM

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding microbial diversity in spacecraft assembly clean rooms is of major interest with respect to planetary protection considerations. A coordinated screening of different clean rooms in Europe and South America by three German institutes [Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Moissl-Eichinger C,Pukall R,Probst AJ,Stieglmeier M,Schwendner P,Mora M,Barczyk S,Bohmeier M,Rettberg P

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Granitoids are silicic rocks that make up the majority of the continental crust, but different models arise for the origins of these rocks. One classification scheme defines different granitoid types on the basis of materials involved in the melting/crystallization process. In this end-member case, granitoids may be d...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Trail D,Tailby ND,Sochko M,Ackerson MR

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the next two decades, NASA and ESA are planning a series of space-based observatories to find Earth-like planets and determine whether life exists on these planets. Previous studies have assessed the likelihood of detecting life through signs of biogenic gases in the atmosphere or a red edge. Biogenic gases and t...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Doughty CE,Wolf A

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Like all low- and moderate-mass stars, the Sun will burn as a red giant during its later evolution, generating of solar luminosities for some tens of millions of years. During this post-main sequence phase, the habitable (i.e., liquid water) thermal zone of our Solar System will lie in the region where Triton, Pluto-C...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Stern SA

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:An approach to the origin of life, focused on the property of entities capable of reproducing themselves far from equilibrium, has been developed recently. Independently, the possibility of the emergence of life in the hydrothermal systems possibly present in the deep oceans below the frozen crust of some of...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Pascal R

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert is one of the driest and most inhospitable places on Earth, where life is most commonly found in the interior of rocks (i.e., endolithic habitats). Due to the extreme dryness, microbial activity in these habitats is expected to be low; however, the rate of carbon cycling within...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Ziolkowski LA,Wierzchos J,Davila AF,Slater GF

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In spite of the spectacular developments in our understanding of the molecular basis that underlies biological phenomena, we still lack a generally agreed-upon definition of life, but this is not for want of trying. Life is an empirical concept; and, as suggested by the many unsuccessful efforts to define it, this tas...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Tirard S,Morange M,Lazcano A

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past few years a series of searches for interstellar radio beacons have taken place using the Parkes radio telescope. Here we report hitherto unpublished results from a search for optical beacons from 60 solar-type stars using the Perth-Lowell telescope. We discuss the significance of the null results from th...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Blair DG,Zadnik MG

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the surface of Mars is an important factor that affects the survivability of microorganisms on Mars. The possibility of martian brines made from Fe2(SO4)3, MnSO4, and MgSO4 salts providing a habitable niche on Mars via attenuation of UV radiation was investigated on the bacteria Bacillu...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Godin PJ,Schuerger AC,Moores JE

更新日期：2020-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:During three low-altitude (99, 66, 66 km) flybys through the Enceladus plume in 2010 and 2011, Cassini's ion neutral mass spectrometer (INMS) made its first high spatial resolution measurements of the plume's gas density and distribution, detecting in situ the individual gas jets within the broad plume. Since those fl...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Teolis BD,Perry ME,Hansen CJ,Waite JH,Porco CC,Spencer JR,Howett CJA

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Terrestrial moons with masses >0.1 M (symbol in text) possibly exist around extrasolar giant planets, and here we consider the energetics of how they might form. Binary-exchange capture can occur if a binary-terrestrial object (BTO) is tidally disrupted during a close encounter with a giant planet and one of the binar...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Williams DM

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two major parameters influencing the survival of Bacillus subtilis spores in space and on bodies within the Solar System are UV radiation and vacuum, both of which induce inactivating damage to DNA. To date, however, spore survival and DNA photochemistry have been explored only at the extremes of Earth-normal atmosphe...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Nicholson WL,Setlow B,Setlow P

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epsomite (MgSO(4).7H(2)O) and hexahydrite (MgSO(4).6H(2)O) are common minerals found in marine evaporite deposits, in saline lakes as precipitates, in weathering zones of coal and metallic deposits, in some soils and their efflorescences, and possibly on the surface of Europa as evaporite deposits. Thermodynamic prope...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Chou IM,Seal RR 2nd

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to analyze tolerance to heavy ions in desiccated animals of the eutardigrade Richtersius coronifer and the bdelloid rotifer Mniobia russeola within the STARLIFE project. Both species were exposed to iron (Fe) and helium (He) ions at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) in Chiba,...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Jönsson KI,Wojcik A

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The search for organic molecules at the surface of Mars is a top priority of the next Mars exploration space missions: Mars Science Laboratory (NASA) and ExoMars (ESA). The detection of organic matter could provide information about the presence of a prebiotic chemistry or even biological activity on this planet. Ther...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Noblet A,Stalport F,Guan YY,Poch O,Coll P,Szopa C,Cloix M,Macari F,Raulin F,Chaput D,Cottin H

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The so-called Fermi paradox claims that if technological life existed anywhere else, we would see evidence of its visits to Earth--and since we do not, such life does not exist, or some special explanation is needed. Enrico Fermi, however, never published anything on this topic. On the one occasion he is known to have...

journal_title：Astrobiology

authors： Gray RH

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00