Abstract:
:Sulfur Mustard (SM) is a potent alkylating agent with electrophilic property which has been used as a chemical warfare agent in at least 12 conflicts. It has reemerged as a major threat in recent years. Medical attention is primarily concerned with its action on the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract which may be complicated by damage to ophthalmic, pulmonary, and gasterointestinal systems, followed by bone marrow depression. The cytotoxicity of SM and production of reactive oxygen substances (ROS) has been proposed to result from electrophilic or oxidative stress with depletion of cellular detoxifying thiol levels including glutathione. Also, ROS are transformed by iron-requiring reactions into highly toxic oxidants that cause a chain reaction with membrane phospholipids to form lipid peroxides, leading to loss of membrane function, membrane fluidity, and finally membrane integrity. Provision and availability of scavengers of ROS and electrophilic compounds such as glutathione, sulfhydryls compounds, antioxidants, and substances that will increase production of endogenous scavengers may be considered protective and useful. Thereby, the role of substances such as selenium, copper, zinc, and antioxidants including vitamin E, vitamin C, and compounds like beta-carotene against SM cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation might be interesting to be investigated in experimental animal models.
journal_name
Mil Medjournal_title
Military medicineauthors
Naghii MRkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-07-01 00:00:00pages
573-5issue
7eissn
0026-4075issn
1930-613Xjournal_volume
167pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Service members (SMs) who are injured on deployment are at risk for myriad long-term health problems that may be ancillary to their physical injury, including high rates of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder, and poor health behaviors (e.g., problem drinking, cigarette and tobacco use, poor sleep...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/milmed/usaa242
更新日期:2020-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::The authors describe the case of a giant osteochondroma emanating from the L5 vertebral body and extending into the retroperitoneum of a 40-year-old man, causing low back pain. Osteochondromas are benign bony tumors that typically occur within the appendicular skeleton, although in the sporadic form, up to 4% occur in...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00239
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The Eagle Tactical Athlete Program (ETAP) was scientifically developed for the U.S. Army's 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) to counter unintentional musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs). PURPOSE:To determine if ETAP would reduce unintentional MSIs in a group of 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) Soldiers...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00674
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tourniquets are issued to deployed members of both the United States (U.S. military and the Australian Defence Force (ADF). The ease of removing the tourniquet from the pocket of the combat uniform may influence its time to application. The ADF uniform uses buttons to secure the pocket, whereas the U.S. unif...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00028
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The success of any secondary prevention effort in identifying those in need for further services depends on the primary care team following all positive screening results with additional assessment or intervention. Initial research suggests possible differences in primary care responses to positive screens for hazardo...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00165
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 274th Forward Surgical Team (FST) was deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom from October 14, 2001 to May 8, 2002. During this period, the FST was asked to perform many nondoctrinal missions. The FST was tasked with functioning as a mini-combat support hospital during the earlier phases of Operation End...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed.170.6.451
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines the history of battlefield tourniquets. The tourniquet, if used properly, is perhaps the leading lifesaving device available to soldiers in the field. However, tourniquet use has been surrounded throughout history by controversy and dogma which continue today. Only after examining the historical ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed.171.5.352
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chyle leaks are a rare but potentially fatal complication of head and neck surgery carrying an incidence as high as 8.3%. The development of a chyle leak carries significant morbidity ranging from delayed wound healing to oropharyngeal fistulas. Presented here is a case of a chyle leak that developed following a left ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00240
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of foot blisters and other overuse injuries of the lower limb is very high during basic military training (BMT). One hundred and eighty-nine subjects were divided into two intervention groups wearing alternative sock systems and one control group. Overall, 57% of the 173 recruits who completed the traini...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7205/milmed-d-01-8508
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Confederate Lieutenant General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson was wounded by his own men at the Battle of Chancellorsville during the American Civil War. While being removed from the field, Jackson fell from the litter and struck the right side of his chest on a large stone or stump. Four days following the amputation ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed-d-11-00272
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hip fractures in the young are exceedingly rare and are usually seen in instances of high energy trauma or metabolically altered bone states. In this case report, we present an occult femoral neck fracture, diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging, in an otherwise healthy, young, active duty male patient with an isolat...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed-d-11-00321
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:National Guard service members face deactivation from active duty soon after they return to the United States and rapid entry into the civilian workforce; therefore, it is important to examine employment among these Veterans. METHODS:The sample included 585 National Guard service members. Bivariate and multi...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed-d-10-00450
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Department of Defense (DoD) requires service members to complete regular health assessments for identification of deployment-related physical/behavioral issues and environmental/occupational exposures. Compliance among active duty Department of the Navy personnel varies; however, and the impact of incomplete asses...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00019
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 30-year review of the Armed Forces Tumor Registry revealed that of 3,126 thyroid cancers on file, 82 were in the pediatric population. All of these cases were reviewed, and the mean age was found to be 13.8 years. There as a male-to-female ratio of 1:2.3. At the time of diagnosis, 33% had regional nodes and 6% had d...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Combat trauma differs from its peacetime counterpart by involving a different spectrum of injuries, occurring in austere environments, dealing with mass casualties, and embodying inherent treatment delays. Thus, civilian trauma practices may be inappropriate in certain combat settings. A review of historical as well a...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Investigations into the financial relationships between orthopedic surgeons and device manufacturers have recently been investigated. Despite these investigations, the public appears to maintain trust and confidence that their surgeons are acting in patients' best interest. However, patient perceptions of th...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00207
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, fat distribution has become of clinical interest in assessing one's risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). Investigations have shown stronger relationships between abdominal, or central adiposity, and various well known risk factors for CHD, than peripheral and/or total adiposity. The simple waist-to-hip rat...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cervical spine clearance requires clinicians to assess the reliability of physical examination based on a patient's mental status and distracting injuries. Distracting injuries have never been clearly defined in military casualties. METHODS:Retrospective review was conducted of patients entered into Departm...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00635
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case is presented in which a patient was placed on phenytoin following open depressed skull fracture. He subsequently was lost to follow-up, and then presented with several complaints, among them mutism, found to be related to phenytoin toxicity. There are no reports to date of this condition being caused by phenyto...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Military environmental survival training (EST) is designed and considered to evoke significant stressors to military personnel in preparation for combat-like scenarios. The aim of this study was to observe and report selected physiological, biochemical, psychological, and performance responses to this intense 15-day p...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-12-00499
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last 50 years, members of the U.S. military have faced the threat of malaria in diverse geographical locations and operational situations, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. However, because malaria may be transported out of endemic areas and into areas that are free of malaria, the threat doe...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed.171.10.925
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We utilize a mixed methods approach to provide three new, separate analyses as part of the development of the next aeromedical evacuation (MEDEVAC) platform of the Future of Vertical Lift (FVL) program. The research questions follow: RQ1) What are the optimal capabilities of a FVL MEDEVAC platform given an Afghanistan...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-12-00370
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the more commonly occurring mental disorders following potentially traumatizing events soldiers may encounter when deployed abroad. One of the first-line recommended treatment options is eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). The number of studie...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00307
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The U.S. Army emplaces physician assistants (PAs) in its maneuver battalions. When contingencies arise, clinic-based physicians join them to augment capability. Because both entities operate similarly, the policy permits a comparison of perceptions of optimal skill sets for the battalion medical mission. ME...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed-d-11-00246
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) inpatient psychiatry program treating Vietnam veterans for symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder provided day and evening treatment programs. The evening program, besides treating psychiatric trauma, incorporated the DVA mission of assisting patients with vocational rehabilit...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results from a study undertaken to assess the smoking behavior of Greek warship personnel found that of the 274 participants, ages 19 to 38 years, 59.5% were current smokers who started the habit between the ages of 15 and 21 years. However, 33.1% of these current smokers started smoking after entering the Greek N...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To derive job condition scales for future studies of the effects of job conditions on soldier health and job functioning across Army Military Occupation Specialties (MOSs) and Areas of Concentration (AOCs) using Department of Labor (DoL) Occupational Information Network (O*NET) ratings. METHODS:A consolidat...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00446
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is a case report of a patient who prematurely terminated two previous magnetic resonance imaging procedures because of his highly claustrophobic condition. The patient was induced into a hypnotic trance twice before his third magnetic resonance imaging examination and he was given posthypnotic suggestions for dec...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The goal was to show the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of Lyme borreliosis in Croatia. METHODS:Data on registered Lyme borreliosis cases were analyzed and the most common clinical manifestations of the disease, based on meta-analysis of the data collected, are described. RESULT...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.7205/milmed.171.11.1105
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Positioning of implant components for total hip arthroplasty (THA) is important for polyethylene liner wear, prosthesis joint stability, and range of motion. The introduction of fluoroscopy for the direct anterior approach has been shown to improve physician accuracy for component positioning. Few studies ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/milmed/usaa415
更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00