Abstract:
:A juvenile male zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata, kept singly with its father develops a fairly complete imitation of the father's song. The imitation is less complete when other male siblings are present, possibly because as imitation commences, model abundance increases. Here we examine the consequences of allowing more or less access to a song model. Young males heard a brief song playback when they pecked at a key, but different males were allowed to hear different numbers of playbacks per day. Using an automated procedure that scored the similarity between model and pupil songs, we discovered that 40 playbacks of the song motif per day, lasting a total of 30 sec, resulted in a fairly complete imitation. More exposure led to less complete imitation. Vocal imitation often may reflect the interaction of diverse influences. Among these, we should now include the possible inhibitory effect of model overabundance, which may foster individual identity and explain the vocal diversity found in zebra finches and other songbirds.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Tchernichovski O,Lints T,Mitra PP,Nottebohm Fdoi
10.1073/pnas.96.22.12901keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-10-26 00:00:00pages
12901-4issue
22eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
96pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Amyloid fibrils were concentrated from the kidney, thyroid, and peripheral nerve of six patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP). The fibril concentrates were solubilized in 6 M guanidine.HCl and fractionated on Sephadex G-100 columns. The elution profile of all FAP amyloid fibril concentrates revealed ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.9.4499
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis have become an increasingly important subject as pathogens have become increasingly resistant to current antibiotics. The adhesion of microorganisms to the surface of host tissue is often a first step in pathogenesis and is a plausible target for new antiinfective agents. Examinati...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.230451697
更新日期:2000-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::There is significant variation in the reported magnitude and even the sign of [Formula: see text] shifts in thin polymer films with nominally the same chemistry, film thickness, and supporting substrate. The implicit assumption is that methods used to estimate [Formula: see text] in bulk materials are relevant for inf...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1722024115
更新日期:2018-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::The genomic RNA of the avian influenza A virus, fowl plague, was fractionated into eight species by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide-agarose gels containing 6 M urea. The separated 32P-labeled RNA species were characterized by digestion with RNase T1 and fractionation of the resulting oligonucleotides by two-dimensio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.9.3045
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the expression of simian virus 40 (SV40) specific tumor antigen (T-antigen) and viral RNA in SV40-transformed mouse 3T3 cells that are temperature-sensitive for the expression of the transformed phenotype (ts SV3T3). Although transformed by wild-type SV40, ts SV3T3 cells at 32 degrees behave like stand...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.6.1931
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We introduce Pathifier, an algorithm that infers pathway deregulation scores for each tumor sample on the basis of expression data. This score is determined, in a context-specific manner, for every particular dataset and type of cancer that is being investigated. The algorithm transforms gene-level information into pa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1219651110
更新日期:2013-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::We previously characterized a methionine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.18; Met-AP1; also called peptidase M) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which differs from its prokaryotic homologues in that it (i) contains an N-terminal zinc-finger domain and (ii) does not produce lethality when disrupted, although it does slow growth d...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.26.12357
更新日期:1995-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::The SOS-inducible ruvA and ruvB gene products of Escherichia coli are required for normal levels of genetic recombination and DNA repair. In vitro, RuvA protein interacts specifically with Holliday junctions and, together with RuvB (an ATPase), promotes their movement along DNA. This process, known as branch migration...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.4.1315
更新日期:1993-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Rad51 is a core component of the eukaryotic homologous recombination machinery and is responsible for key mechanistic steps during strand invasion. Higher order oligomers of Rad51 display a remarkable degree of structural variation, forming rings, compressed filaments, and elongated filaments. It is unclear whether Ra...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0811465106
更新日期:2009-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::IFN-gamma treatment of cells leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 followed by dimerization through a reciprocal Src homology 2-phosphotyrosine interaction near the -COOH end of each monomer, forming a parallel structure that accumulates in the nucleus to drive ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0501063102
更新日期:2005-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Normal rat kidney cells infected with a temperature-sensitive mutant (LA23) of Rous sarcoma virus exhibit the transformed phenotype when grown at 33 degrees and the normal phenotype at 39 degrees. We have previously shown [Ash, J.F., Vogt, P.K. & Singer, S.J. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 3603-3607] that the a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.10.5015
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are many sources of genetic diversity, ranging from programmed mutagenesis in antibody genes to random mutagenesis during species evolution or development of cancer. We propose that mutations in DNA sequence-specific transcription factors that target response elements (REs) in many genes can also provide for rap...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1633803100
更新日期:2003-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::A major challenge of the 21st century is to produce more food for a growing population without increasing humanity's agricultural footprint. Urban food production may help to solve this challenge; however, little research has examined the productivity of urban farming systems. We investigated inputs and produce yields...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1809707115
更新日期:2019-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::On illuminating chloroplasts with "short-wavelength" monochromatic light that supports oxygen evolution, spectral evidence was obtained for a new photoreactive chloroplast component, provisionally designated C550, which shows a reversible decrease of absorbance with a maximum at 550 mmu. The light-induced absorbance c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.63.3.963
更新日期:1969-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a macrophage product under active study as an anticancer drug. However, this agent can be very toxic and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of endotoxic shock. After intravenous injection of human recombinant TNF (4 micrograms/g), growing rats showed an unusual constellation of phys...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.12.4273
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The calcium-activated K(+) channel KCa3.1 plays an important role in T lymphocyte Ca(2+) signaling by helping to maintain a negative membrane potential, which provides an electrochemical gradient to drive Ca(2+) influx. To assess the role of KCa3.1 channels in lymphocyte activation in vivo, we studied T cell function ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0910133107
更新日期:2010-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibition of protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte lysates by double-stranded RNA is caused by the inactivation of IF-3, an initiation factor required for the recycling of ribosomes and for their binding to messenger RNA. The evidence for this is that (i) the inhibition can be overcome by addition of exogenous If-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.4.1222
更新日期:1973-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence suggests that amyloid polymorphism gives rise to different strains of amyloids with distinct toxicities and pathology-spreading properties. Validating this hypothesis is challenging due to a lack of tools and methods that allow for the direct characterization of amyloid polymorphism in hydrated and...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1916176117
更新日期:2020-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::In cerebellar granule neurons of neonatal rats micromolar concentrations of 7-chloro-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2, 4-benzothiadiazine S,S-dioxide (IDRA-21) and cyclothiazide, two negative modulators of the spontaneous agonist-dependent rapid desensitization of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.13.7053
更新日期:1997-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Global loss of DNA methylation has been known for decades as an epigenomic aberration associated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Loss of DNA methylation affects predominantly repetitive elements, which encompass >50% of the CpG dinucleotides present in the human genome. Because of the lack of an effective ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0913836107
更新日期:2010-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::A protein of 87 kilodaltons (87 kDa) was previously identified as a major specific substrate for protein kinase C in neuronal and other tissues. We have now studied the effect of protein kinase C-catalyzed phosphorylation of this protein on its association with membranes in isolated nerve terminals (synaptosomes) from...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.7.2253
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A principal goal of cancer nanomedicine is to deliver therapeutics effectively to cancer cells within solid tumors. However, there are a series of biological barriers that impede nanomedicine from reaching target cells. Here, we report a stimuli-responsive clustered nanoparticle to systematically overcome these multip...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1522080113
更新日期:2016-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::We are designing simple peptide ion channels as model systems for the study of the physical principles controlling conduction through ion-channel proteins. Here we report on an uncharged peptide, Ac-(Leu-Ser-Ser-Leu-Leu-Ser-Leu)3-CONH2, designed to form an aggregate of parallel, amphiphilic, membrane-spanning alpha-he...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.11.4859
更新日期:1994-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C, PKC) has been suggested to play a role in the sensitivity of gamma-aminobutyrate type A (GABAA) receptors to ethanol. We tested a line of null mutant mice that lacks the gamma isoform of PKC (PKC gamma) to determine the role of this brain-specific isoenz...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.9.3658
更新日期:1995-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::The activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) gene is a neural immediate early gene that is involved in synaptic downscaling and is robustly induced by prolonged wakefulness in rodent brains. Converging evidence has led to the hypothesis that wakefulness potentiates, and sleep reduces, synaptic strength...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1906840117
更新日期:2020-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the secondary structure of some dozen different proteins upon lyophilization of their aqueous solutions have been investigated by means of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in the amide III band region. Dehydration markedly (but reversibly) alters the secondary structure of all the proteins studied, a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.24.10969
更新日期:1995-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::A serum-free culture of dissociated neurons from embryonic rat hippocampus has been established as a rapid and quantitative in vitro test system for neurotrophic signals in the mammalian brain. By means of this cell culture bioassay, a novel low molecular weight neurotrophic factor (NTF) could be identified. NTF is es...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.4.1248
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Realizing the goal of the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to 2 °C by the end of this century will most likely require deployment of carbon-negative technologies. It is particularly important that China, as the world's top carbon emitter, avoids being locked into carbon-intensive, coal-fired power-generation te...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1812239116
更新日期:2019-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::An argument is presented in favor of the hypothesis that, bovine carboxypeptidases A and B fit by and large, the concept of homology on the levels of both amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure. Two peptide sequences from carboxypeptidases A and B, comprising 46 amino acid residues, display structural hom...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.63.2.406
更新日期:1969-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pineal organ of the lizard Anolis carolinensis can be maintained for up to 10 days in superfused organ culture. During this time it synthesizes and releases melatonin into the medium flowing slowly over it. Collection of timed aliquots of medium and subsequent analysis for melatonin by radioimmunoassay reveal circ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.19.6119
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00