Ubiquitination of RNA polymerase II large subunit signaled by phosphorylation of carboxyl-terminal domain.

abstract：:Natural killer (NK) cells form three functionally distinct populations of effectors: competent cytolytic effectors able to bind and kill target cells and two subsets of nonlytic effectors, one able and the other unable to bind target cells. A flow cytometric method was developed, based on size and two-color fluorescen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lebow LT,Bonavida B

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tropospheric O(3) and sulfate both contribute to air pollution and climate forcing. There is a growing realization that air quality and climate change issues are strongly connected. To date, the importance of the coupling between O(3) and sulfate has not been fully appreciated, and thus regulations treat each pollutan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Unger N,Shindell DT,Koch DM,Streets DG

更新日期：2006-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The maturation of 5S RNA in Escherichia coli is poorly understood. Although it is known that large precursors of 5S RNA accumulate in mutant cells lacking the endoribonuclease-RNase E, almost nothing is known about how the mature 5' and 3' termini of these molecules are generated. We have examined 5S RNA maturation in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Z,Deutscher MP

更新日期：1995-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Hearing loss is the main limitation of radiation therapy for vestibular schwannoma (VS), and identifying treatment options that minimize hearing loss are urgently needed. Treatment with bevacizumab is associated with tumor control and hearing improvement in neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) patients; however, its effect ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gao X,Zhao Y,Stemmer-Rachamimov AO,Liu H,Huang P,Chin S,Selig MK,Plotkin SR,Jain RK,Xu L

更新日期：2015-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Newly translated tubulin molecules undergo a series of complex interactions with nascent chain-binding chaperones, including prefoldin (PFD) and chaperonin-containing TCP-1 (CCT). By screening for oryzalin hypersensitivity, we identified several mutants of Arabidopsis that have lesions in PFD subunits. The pfd6-1 muta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gu Y,Deng Z,Paredez AR,DeBolt S,Wang ZY,Somerville C

更新日期：2008-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) cause hypercholesterolemia because of inefficient LDL clearance from the circulation. In addition, there is a paradoxical oversecretion of the metabolic precursor of LDL, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). We recently demonstrated that the LDLR mediates ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gillian-Daniel DL,Bates PW,Tebon A,Attie AD

更新日期：2002-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans choose actions based on both habit and planning. Habitual control is computationally frugal but adapts slowly to novel circumstances, whereas planning is computationally expensive but can adapt swiftly. Current research emphasizes the competition between habits and plans for behavioral control, yet many complex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cushman F,Morris A

更新日期：2015-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Geckos can run rapidly on walls and ceilings, requiring high friction forces (on walls) and adhesion forces (on ceilings), with typical step intervals of approximately 20 ms. The rapid switching between gecko foot attachment and detachment is analyzed theoretically based on a tape model that incorporates the adhesion ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tian Y,Pesika N,Zeng H,Rosenberg K,Zhao B,McGuiggan P,Autumn K,Israelachvili J

更新日期：2006-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein acetylation, especially histone acetylation, is the subject of both research and clinical investigation. At least four small-molecule histone deacetylase inhibitors are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. These and other inhibitors also affect microtubule acetylation. A multidimensional, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haggarty SJ,Koeller KM,Wong JC,Grozinger CM,Schreiber SL

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:While the general structure of immunoglobulin chains has remained relatively unchanged throughout evolution, the organization of the genes encoding these molecules differs substantially. To understand how the rearranging immunoglobulin system arose, it is necessary to examine living representatives of the most early v...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hohman VS,Schuchman DB,Schluter SF,Marchalonis JJ

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herein, we report the identification of a unique HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitor-binding site using photoaffinity labeling and mass spectrometric analysis. We chemically incorporated a photo-activatable benzophenone moiety into a series of coumarin-containing IN inhibitors. A representative of this series was covalentl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Al-Mawsawi LQ,Fikkert V,Dayam R,Witvrouw M,Burke TR Jr,Borchers CH,Neamati N

更新日期：2006-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:A codon-optimized mouse LINE-1 element, ORFeus, exhibits dramatically higher retrotransposition frequencies compared with its native long interspersed element 1 counterpart. To establish a retrotransposon-mediated mouse model with regulatable and potent mutagenic capabilities, we generated a tetracycline (tet)-regulat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Donnell KA,An W,Schrum CT,Wheelan SJ,Boeke JD

更新日期：2013-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A preparative two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel system was used to separate and purify the major Coomassie blue-stained proteins from the isolated rat liver nuclear matrix. Approximately 12 major proteins were consistently found. Of these, 5 proteins represented identified proteins, including nuclear lamins A, B, and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakayasu H,Berezney R

更新日期：1991-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:CCR5 (R5)-tropic, but not CXCR4 (X4)-tropic, HIV-1 is associated with primary HIV-1 infection and transmission. Recent studies have shown that IFN-induced transmembrane (IFITM) proteins, including IFITM1, IFITM2, and IFITM3, restrict a broad range of viruses. Here, we demonstrate that an IFITM2 isoform (Δ20 IFITM2) la...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu WL,Grotefend CR,Tsai MT,Wang YL,Radic V,Eoh H,Huang IC

更新日期：2017-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional reconstitution of membrane proteins within lipid bilayers is crucial for understanding their biological function in living cells. While this strategy has been extensively used with liposomes, reconstitution of membrane proteins in lipidic cubic mesophases presents significant challenges related to the struc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Speziale C,Salvati Manni L,Manatschal C,Landau EM,Mezzenga R

更新日期：2016-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct reciprocity and conditional cooperation are important mechanisms to prevent free riding in social dilemmas. However, in large groups, these mechanisms may become ineffective because they require single individuals to have a substantial influence on their peers. However, the recent discovery of zero-determinant ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hilbe C,Wu B,Traulsen A,Nowak MA

更新日期：2014-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1950, G. Ledyard Stebbins devoted two chapters of his book Variation and Evolution in Plants (Columbia Univ. Press, New York) to polyploidy, one on occurrence and nature and one on distribution and significance. Fifty years later, many of the questions Stebbins posed have not been answered, and many new questions h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soltis PS,Soltis DE

更新日期：2000-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Alterations in synaptic input, persisting for hours to days, elicit homeostatic plastic changes in the axon initial segment (AIS), which is pivotal for spike generation. Here, in hippocampal pyramidal neurons of both primary cultures and slices, we triggered a unique form of AIS plasticity by selectively targeting M-t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lezmy J,Lipinsky M,Khrapunsky Y,Patrich E,Shalom L,Peretz A,Fleidervish IA,Attali B

更新日期：2017-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:By immunoaffinity column chromatography, we have purified two RNA polymerase complexes, the transcriptase and replicase, from vesicular stomatitis virus-infected baby hamster kidney cells. The transcriptase is a multiprotein complex, containing the virus-encoded RNA polymerase L and P proteins, and two cellular protei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qanungo KR,Shaji D,Mathur M,Banerjee AK

更新日期：2004-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Striga is a major biotic constraint to sorghum production in semiarid tropical Africa and Asia. Genetic resistance to this parasitic weed is the most economically feasible control measure. Mutant alleles at the LGS1 (LOW GERMINATION STIMULANT 1) locus drastically reduce Striga germination stimulant activity. We provid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gobena D,Shimels M,Rich PJ,Ruyter-Spira C,Bouwmeester H,Kanuganti S,Mengiste T,Ejeta G

更新日期：2017-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:When Sertoli cells of the seminiferous epithelium in the testis were cultured on Matrigel (a reconstituted basement membrane), laminin, or one of the biologically active laminin-derived peptides (YIGSR, SIKVAV, or RGD), they exhibited dramatic changes in morphology accompanied by changes in protein secretion and gene ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Papadopoulos V,Dym M

更新日期：1994-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The activity of reconstituted cytochrome-c oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1) from bovine heart is stimulated by intraliposomal ADP but not by NaCl of the same ionic strength. A monoclonal antibody which reacts with subunits VIa-H (heart-type) and VIc, due to the evolutionary relationship between these subunits, also stimulates the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Anthony G,Reimann A,Kadenbach B

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research on global patterns of diversity has been dominated by studies seeking explanations for the equator-to-poles decline in richness of most groups of organisms, namely the latitudinal diversity gradient. A problem with this gradient is that it conflates two key explanations, namely biome stability (age and area) ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Colville JF,Beale CM,Forest F,Altwegg R,Huntley B,Cowling RM

更新日期：2020-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:IFN-gamma is well known as the signature cytokine of CD4+ T helper 1, CD8+, and natural killer cells, but recent studies demonstrate that antigen-presenting cells, in particular dendritic cells (DCs), are another potent source for this proinflammatory cytokine. T-bet, a transcription factor that controls IFN-gamma exp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lugo-Villarino G,Maldonado-Lopez R,Possemato R,Penaranda C,Glimcher LH

更新日期：2003-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Synchronized beating of cilia on multiciliated cells (MCCs) generates a directional flow of mucus across epithelia. This motility requires a "9 + 2" microtubule (MT) configuration in axonemes and the unidirectional array of basal bodies of cilia on the MCCs. However, it is not fully understood what components are need...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Robinson AM,Takahashi S,Brotslaw EJ,Ahmad A,Ferrer E,Procissi D,Richter CP,Cheatham MA,Mitchell BJ,Zheng J

更新日期：2020-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the RET (rearranged during transfection) receptor by glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been identified as an important differentiation and survival factor for dopaminergic neurons of the midbrain in preclinical experiments. These encouraging results have led to clinical trials of GDN...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kowsky S,Pöppelmeyer C,Kramer ER,Falkenburger BH,Kruse A,Klein R,Schulz JB

更新日期：2007-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been controversial whether the cytochrome oxidase (CO)-dense blobs in primate primary visual cortex (V1) and CO-dense thin stripes in visual area 2 (V2) are parts of a cortical color-processing stream that is segregated from other functional streams. One of the key pieces of evidence for the segregated color st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xiao Y,Felleman DJ

更新日期：2004-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:In cat retina, antisera directed against tyrosine hydroxylase (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; EC 1.14.16.2) labeled three morphologically distinct classes of neurons; amacrine cells, displaced amacrine cells, and interplexiform cells. These three cell populations differed not only in their morphologies but also in their nu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oyster CW,Takahashi ES,Cilluffo M,Brecha NC

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methods to accurately predict potential drug target mutations in response to early-stage leads could drive the design of more resilient first generation drug candidates. In this study, a structure-based protein design algorithm (K* in the OSPREY suite) was used to prospectively identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reeve SM,Gainza P,Frey KM,Georgiev I,Donald BR,Anderson AC

更新日期：2015-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence suggests cancer cells exhibit a dependency on metabolic pathways regulated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Nevertheless, how the regulation of this metabolic cofactor interfaces with signal transduction networks remains poorly understood in glioblastoma. Here, we report nicotinamide ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gujar AD,Le S,Mao DD,Dadey DY,Turski A,Sasaki Y,Aum D,Luo J,Dahiya S,Yuan L,Rich KM,Milbrandt J,Hallahan DE,Yano H,Tran DD,Kim AH

更新日期：2016-12-20 00:00:00