Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Epidemiological studies over the last decade have supplied growing evidence of an association between urbanization and the prevalence of psychiatric disorders. Our aim was to examine the link between levels of urbanization and 12-month prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders in a nationwide German population study, controlling for other known risk factors such as gender, social class, marital status and the interaction variables of these factors with urbanization. METHODS:The Munich Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI) was used to assess the prevalence of mental disorders (DSM-IV) in a representative sample of the German population (N = 4181, age: 18-65). The sample contains five levels of urbanization based on residence location. The epidemiological study was commissioned by the German Ministry of Research, Education and Science (BMBF) and approved by the relevant Institutional Review Board and ethics committee. Written informed consent was obtained for both surveys (core survey and Mental Health Supplement). Subjects did not get any financial compensation for their study participation. RESULTS:Higher levels of urbanization were linked to higher 12-month prevalence rates for almost all major psychiatric disorders (with the exception of substance abuse and psychotic disorders). The weighted prevalence percentages were highest in the most urbanized category. Alongside urbanization, female gender, lower social class and being unmarried were generally found to be associated with higher levels of psychopathology. The impact of urbanization on mental health was about equal (for almost all major psychiatric disorders) in young people and elderly people, men and women, and in married and single people. Only people from a low social class in the most urbanized settings had more somatoform disorders, and unmarried people in the most urbanized settings had more anxiety disorders. CONCLUSION:Psychiatric disorders are more prevalent among the inhabitants of more urbanized areas. probably because of environmental stressors.
journal_name
BMC Public Healthjournal_title
BMC public healthauthors
Dekker J,Peen J,Koelen J,Smit F,Schoevers Rdoi
10.1186/1471-2458-8-17subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-17 00:00:00pages
17issn
1471-2458pii
1471-2458-8-17journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is an important outcome in times of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART). We compared the HRQoL of HIV positive patients receiving HAART with those awaiting treatment in public sector facilities in the Free State province in South Africa. METHODS:A stratified...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-244
更新日期:2007-09-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The concept of 'avoidable' mortality (AM) has been proposed as a performance measure of health care systems. In this study we examined mortality in five geographic regions of Canada from 1975 to 1999 for previously defined avoidable disease groups that are amenable to medical care and public health. These tr...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-137
更新日期:2006-05-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study examines variations in breast cancer screening among primary care clinicians by geographic location of clinical practice. METHODS:A cross-sectional survey design was used to examine approaches to breast cancer screening among physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants involved in p...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-3-9
更新日期:2003-02-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is widely recognized and accepted that job strain adversely impacts the workforce. Individual responses to stressful situations can vary greatly and it has been shown that certain people are more likely to experience high levels of stress in their job than others. Studies highlighted that there can be age...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-4-59
更新日期:2004-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The school environment provides crucial opportunities for children to engage in health-promoting physical activity (PA). Japanese children clean their schools and have recess time every school day. The primary aim of the study is to describe the levels of physical activity during school cleaning and recess t...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7256-5
更新日期:2019-07-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The likelihood of large-scale outbreaks of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) is growing. MDRO outbreaks can affect a wide range of healthcare institutions. Control of such outbreaks requires structured collaboration between professionals from all involved healthcare institutions, but guidelines for cross-...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6376-7
更新日期:2019-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Growing up with one parent is associated with economic hardship and health disadvantages, but there is limited evidence of its lifetime consequences. We examined whether being born to an unmarried mother is associated with socioeconomic position and marital history over the lifespan. METHODS:We analysed dat...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3485-z
更新日期:2016-08-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While the majority of research in Bangladesh has focused on intimate partner violence (IPV) against women, less is known about the correlates of physical violence against unmarried female adolescents, particularly community-level characteristics that may increase their risk of experiencing violence. METHODS...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1027
更新日期:2014-10-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The TB operational guideline (the deskguide) is a detailed action guide for county TB doctors aiming to improve the quality of DOTS, while the China national TB policy guide is a guide to TB control that is comprehensive but lacks operational usability for frontline TB doctors. This study reports the process...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-260
更新日期:2008-07-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Combined lifestyle interventions (CLIs) have proved to be effective in changing and maintaining behavioural lifestyle changes and reducing overweight and obesity, in clinical and real-world settings. In this CLI, lifestyle coaches are expected to promote lifestyle changes of participants regarding physical a...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-5010-4
更新日期:2018-01-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that has an impact on the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of sufferers as well as their children. To date, no study has investigated the effects of parental leprosy on the well-being of adolescent children. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted in the L...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-22
更新日期:2013-01-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Household decision-makers decide about service use based largely on the costs and perceived benefits of health interventions. Very often this leads to different decisions than those imagined by health planners, resulting in under-utilisation of public services like immunisation. In the case of Lasbela distri...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-5-72
更新日期:2005-06-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many African adults do not know that partners in steady or cohabiting relationships can have different HIV test results. Despite WHO recommendations for couples' voluntary counseling and testing (CVCT), fewer than 10 % of couples have been jointly tested and counseled. We examine the roles and interactions o...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3424-z
更新日期:2016-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Contingency management (CM) is an evidence-based intervention providing tangible rewards as positive reinforcement for abstinence from stimulants such as methamphetamine. Integrative approaches targeting affect regulation could boost the effectiveness of CM in community-based settings and optimize HIV/AIDS p...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3325-1
更新日期:2016-07-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study examines the nature of disparities in cardiovascular risk by exploring chronic stressors and other cardiovascular risk factors on youth of African descent who are integrating into an industrialized society. METHODS:Qualitative data on cardiovascular risk and acclimation to the dominant society we...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2122-6
更新日期:2015-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An ageing workforce combined with increasing health problems in ageing workers implies the importance of evidence-based interventions to enhance sustainable employability. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the 'Staying healthy at work' problem-solving based intervention compared to bu...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1410-5
更新日期:2015-02-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Consumption of sugars-sweetened beverages (SSB) increases energy intake and the risk of obesity. Large packages increase consumption of food, implying that smaller bottle sizes may help curb SSB consumption, but there is a lack of relevant evidence relating to these products. This study explores the feasibil...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4214-y
更新日期:2017-04-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Smoking epidemic in Brazilian women has later onset, smaller magnitude, and slower decreasing trend, compared to men. Among pregnant women, smoking has an additional deleterious effect. The purpose of this study was to analyze smoking prevalence during pregnancy and associated factors, and to describe the fr...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1737-y
更新日期:2015-04-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Infants in utero during the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 may have been negatively affected by maternal stress. Studies to date have produced contradictory results. METHODS:Data for this retrospective cohort study were obtained from the Department of Defense Birth and Infant Health Registry and in...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-252
更新日期:2009-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ghana has not conducted a national tuberculin survey or tuberculosis prevalence survey since the establishment of the National Tuberculosis Control Programme. The primary objective of this study was therefore to determine the prevalence of tuberculin skin sensitivity in Ghanaian school children aged 6-10 yea...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-35
更新日期:2010-01-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Front-of package (FoP) nutrition labels are an option to guide consumer's decision at the point of food purchase. Chile was the first country worldwide to implement a FoP warning label and thereafter several countries have followed this model. The objective of this study is to describe the process of develop...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7118-1
更新日期:2019-07-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Status of premarital sex, unintended pregnancy and associated factors among Chinese graduate students remain unclear. And unmarried graduate students' needs of family planning services seem to be ignored. In the present study, we ascertained the prevalence rate of premarital sex and unintended pregnancy, as ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-198
更新日期:2013-03-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Baseline data were collected to inform the adoption, implementation and institutionalisation phases of a completely smoke free campus policy at a large Western Australian university with a diverse student and staff community. METHODS:An online survey was randomly emailed to staff and students to measure the...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-738
更新日期:2013-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetes is a major public health problem in Australia with prevalence increasing in parallel with increasing obesity. Prevention is an essential component of strategies to reduce the diabetes burden. There is strong and consistent evidence from randomised controlled trials that type 2 diabetes can be...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-328
更新日期:2010-06-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Projections of health and social care need are highly sensitive to assumptions about cohort trends in health and disability. We use a repeated population-based cross-sectional study from the Cambridgeshire centre of the UK Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study to investigate trends in ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-156
更新日期:2007-07-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Strategies to improve infant and young child nutrition in low- and middle- income countries need to be implemented at scale. We contextualised and packaged successful strategies into a feasible intervention for implementation in rural Tanzania. Opportunities that can optimise delivery of the intervention and...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1077
更新日期:2014-10-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the strong association of smoking with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cerebral stroke, the consequences of smoking have not been elucidated among Iranian populations. This study aimed to assess sex-specific incidence of CVDs among an urban Iranian population with different smoking habits. METHODS:...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7390-0
更新日期:2019-08-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global disease burden. Although stroke was thought to be more prevalent than coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese, the epidemic pattern might have been changed in some rural areas nowadays. This study was to estimate up-to-date prevalence of CVD and its...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-34
更新日期:2012-01-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies regarding the effect of retirement on physical as well as mental health have been performed, but the results thereof remain inconclusive. The aim of this review is to systematically summarise the literature on the health effects of retirement, describing differences in terms of voluntary, inv...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-1180
更新日期:2013-12-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Diarrhea is recognized as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years of age in low- and middle-income countries yet updated estimates of diarrhea incidence by age for these countries are greatly needed. We conducted a systematic literature review to identify cohort studies that s...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-220
更新日期:2012-03-21 00:00:00