Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Diarrhea is recognized as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years of age in low- and middle-income countries yet updated estimates of diarrhea incidence by age for these countries are greatly needed. We conducted a systematic literature review to identify cohort studies that sought to quantify diarrhea incidence among any age group of children 0-59 mo of age. METHODS:We used the Expectation-Maximization algorithm as a part of a two-stage regression model to handle diverse age data and overall incidence rate variation by study to generate country specific incidence rates for low- and middle-income countries for 1990 and 2010. We then calculated regional incidence rates and uncertainty ranges using the bootstrap method, and estimated the total number of episodes for children 0-59 mo of age in 1990 and 2010. RESULTS:We estimate that incidence has declined from 3.4 episodes/child year in 1990 to 2.9 episodes/child year in 2010. As was the case previously, incidence rates are highest among infants 6-11 mo of age; 4.5 episodes/child year in 2010. Among these 139 countries there were nearly 1.9 billion episodes of childhood diarrhea in 1990 and nearly 1.7 billion episodes in 2010. CONCLUSIONS:Although our results indicate that diarrhea incidence rates may be declining slightly, the total burden on the health of each child due to multiple episodes per year is tremendous and additional funds are needed to improve both prevention and treatment practices in low- and middle-income countries.
journal_name
BMC Public Healthjournal_title
BMC public healthauthors
Fischer Walker CL,Perin J,Aryee MJ,Boschi-Pinto C,Black REdoi
10.1186/1471-2458-12-220subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-03-21 00:00:00pages
220issn
1471-2458pii
1471-2458-12-220journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Although data from longitudinal studies are sparse, effort-reward imbalance (ERI) seems to affect work ability. However, the potential pathway from restricted work ability to ERI must also be considered. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyse cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between ERI ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-875
更新日期:2012-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HIV status disclosure is a difficult emotional task for HIV-infected persons and may create the opportunity for both social support and rejection. In this study, we evaluated the proportions, patterns, barriers and outcomes of HIV- 1 status disclosure among a group of women in Uganda. METHODS:An exit interv...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2345-6
更新日期:2015-09-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Smoking causes heart disease, the major cause of death in China and Hong Kong. Stress is one major trigger of smoking and relapse, and understanding stress among smoking cardiac patients can therefore help in designing effective interventions to motivate them to quit. The objective of this study was to exami...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-513
更新日期:2010-08-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Family planning is a strategy of balancing population growth with economic development for sustainable use of natural resources. A high population growth induces increased demand for resources and the rate at which these resources are exploited. Population, health and environment are connected inextricably. ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2484-9
更新日期:2015-11-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Digital rectal examination (DRE) is one of the most common strategies for prostate cancer early detection. However, the use for screening purposes has a controversial benefit and potential harms can occur due to false-positive results, overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The objective of this study is to calcul...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7946-z
更新日期:2019-11-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The global poverty profile shows that Africa and Asia bear the highest burden of multidimensional child poverty. Child survival and development therefore depend on socioeconomic and environmental factors that surround a child.The aim of this paper is to measure multidimensional child poverty and underpin wha...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-8254-3
更新日期:2020-01-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To cope with the upcoming demographic change, economic efforts in the European Union are undertaken to promote activities in research and development of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) solutions. As a result, a large variety of AAL products will be available in the next years. Only very few of these products a...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-736
更新日期:2014-07-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Incentives are central to economics and are used across the public and private sectors to influence behavior. Recent interest has been shown in using financial incentives to promote desirable health behaviors and discourage unhealthy ones. MAIN TEXT:If we are going to use incentive schemes to influence heal...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7407-8
更新日期:2019-08-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Methamphetamine (MA) use continues to be a major public health concern in many urban settings. We sought to assess potential relationships between MA use and individual, social, and structural HIV vulnerabilities among sexual minority (lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgendered) drug users. METHODS:Beginning i...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-20
更新日期:2011-01-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The commitment to promoting equity in health is derived from the notion that all human beings have the right to the best attainable health. However, disparities in health care are well-documented. The objectives were to explore disparities in diabetes prevalence, care and control among diabetic patients. The...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-729
更新日期:2010-11-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recognizing the close relationship between poverty and health, national program managers, policy-makers and donors are increasingly including economic interventions as part of their core strategies to improve population health. However, there is often confusion among stakeholders about the definitions and op...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3119-5
更新日期:2016-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cancer screening invitations can explicitly recommend attendance or encourage individuals to consider the risks and benefits before deciding for themselves. Public preferences for these approaches might vary. We explored ethnic minority women's preferences for a strong recommendation to be screened. METHODS...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4093-2
更新日期:2017-02-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The spread of Dengue virus (DENV) infections, as well as their signs and symptoms, are the result of a complex interaction between several factors. In Brazil, especially in the Northeastern, dengue is an important public health problem. Here, we report an epidemiological analysis of dengue cases in Pernambuc...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09047-z
更新日期:2020-06-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Transportation by motorcycle and bicycle has become popular in Taiwan, this study was designed to investigate the protective effect of helmet use during motorcycle and bicycle accidents by using a propensity score-matched study based on trauma registry system data. METHODS:Data of adult patients hospitalize...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4649-1
更新日期:2017-08-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Childhood obesity is one of the most pressing public health challenges of the 21st century. Reformulating commonly eaten food products is a key emerging strategy to improve the food supply and help address rising rates of obesity and chronic disease. This study aimed to monitor reformulation of Australian ch...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-836
更新日期:2013-09-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Existing instruments for measuring problematic computer and console gaming and internet use are often lengthy and often based on a pathological perspective. The objective was to develop and present a new and short non-clinical measurement tool for perceived problems related to computer use and gaming among a...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-361
更新日期:2014-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent societal and political reforms in Myanmar may upturn the socio-economy and, thus, contribute to the country's health transition. Baseline data on urban-rural disparities in non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors are not thoroughly described in this country which has been relatively closed for mor...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3882-3
更新日期:2016-12-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We report the prevalence of recommended physical activity levels (RPALs) and examine the correlates of achieving RPALs in rural South Asian children and analyse its association with anthropometric outcomes. METHODS:This analysis on rural South Asian children aged 5-14 years (n = 564) is a part of the Chroni...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3353-x
更新日期:2016-08-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Due to the increasing number of vaccine-hesitant parents, new effective immunization promotion strategies need to be developed to improve the vaccine coverage (VC) of infants. This study aimed to assess the impact of an educational strategy of vaccination promotion based on motivational interviewing (MI) tec...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5724-y
更新日期:2018-06-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies in heterosexual HIV serodiscordant couples have provided critical evidence on the role of HIV treatments and undetectable viral load in reducing the risk of HIV transmission. There is very limited data on the risk of transmission from anal sex in homosexual male serodiscordant couples. METHODS/DESIG...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-917
更新日期:2014-09-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of comorbidity is high, with 80% of the elderly population having three or more chronic conditions. Comorbidity is associated with a decline in many health outcomes and increases in mortality and use of health care resources. The aim of this study was to identify, review and summarise studies ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-221
更新日期:2008-06-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although various studies have found a positive association between neighborhood social capital and individual health, the mechanism explaining this direct effect is still unclear. Neighborhood social capital is the access to resources that are generated by relationships between people in a friendly, well-con...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-116
更新日期:2012-02-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Physical activity is likely to be determined as a complex interplay between personal, interpersonal, and environmental factors. Studying the built environment involves expanding the focus from the individual perspective to a public health one. Therefore, the objetive of this study was to examine the associat...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4538-7
更新日期:2017-07-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent evidence shows that men and women have inadequate fertility knowledge which may negatively affect their childbearing decisions in future. Given the fact that decision making for fertility needs accurate information, targeted educational interventions especially through media are needed to improve know...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-10029-4
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study examines how prevalence and behaviors of smoking differ by socioeconomic status among rural southwest Chinese adults. METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted including 7743 adults aged ≥35 years in rural regions of Yunnan Province, China from 2016 to 2018. Information on individual socioec...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7455-0
更新日期:2019-08-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This paper is embedded in a randomised controlled trial (Alcohol and Employment) that investigated whether welfare-to-work schemes combined with alcohol treatment were more effective than welfare-to-work schemes alone for helping unemployed welfare recipients with alcohol problems get back to employment and ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1620-x
更新日期:2015-03-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Canada, road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death among children and youth ≤19. Across the country, there is variability in road traffic injury prevention policies and legislation. Our objective was to compare pediatric road traffic related injury hospitalization and death rates across Canadian...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6269-9
更新日期:2018-12-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Syndromic surveillance provides public health intelligence to aid in early warning and monitoring of public health impacts (e.g. seasonal influenza), or reassurance when an impact has not occurred. Using information collected during routine patient care, syndromic surveillance can be based on signs/symptoms/...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09949-y
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease and cancer are leading causes of mortality for people with a history of alcohol or other substance use disorders. These chronic diseases share the same four primary behavioural risk factors i.e. excessive alcohol use, smoking, low intake of fruit and vegetables and physical inactivity....
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1729-y
更新日期:2015-05-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The present study aimed to explore a longitudinal relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption in adolescence and two health-related outcomes (i.e., self-rated health and mental health) in early adulthood in the community. METHODS:Data from a longitudinal cohort of the Canadian National Population H...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-1206
更新日期:2013-12-20 00:00:00