Abstract:
:We assessed the exposure of semiconductor workers to extremely low frequency-magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and identified job characteristics affecting ELF-MF exposure. These were demonstrated by assessing the exposure of 117 workers involved in wafer fabrication (fab) and chip packaging wearing personal dosimeters for a full shift. A portable device was used to monitor ELF-MF in high temporal resolution. All measurements were categorized by operation, job and working activity during working time. ELF-MF exposure of workers were classified based on the quartiles of ELF-MF distribution. The average levels of ELF-MF exposure were 0.56 µT for fab workers, 0.59 µT for chip packaging workers and 0.89 µT for electrical engineers, respectively. Exposure to ELF-MF differed among types of factory, operation, job and activity. Workers engaged in the diffusion and chip testing activities showed the highest ELF-MF exposure. The ELF-MF exposures of process operators were found to be higher than those of maintenance engineers, although peak exposure and/or patterns varied. The groups with the highest quartile ELF-MF exposure level are operators in diffusion, ion implantation, module and testing operations, and maintenance engineers in diffusion, module and testing operations. In conclusion, ELF-MF exposure among workers can be substantially affected by the type of operation and job, and the activity or location.
journal_name
Int J Environ Res Public Healthauthors
Choi S,Cha W,Park J,Kim S,Kim W,Yoon C,Park JH,Ha K,Park Ddoi
10.3390/ijerph15040642subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-31 00:00:00issue
4eissn
1661-7827issn
1660-4601pii
ijerph15040642journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) have found extensive applications in industrial manufacturing, biomedical and biotechnological fields. Therefore, the increasing exposure to such ultrafine particles requires studies to characterize their potential cytotoxic effects in order to provide exhaustive information to assess...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph110908867
更新日期:2014-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::In this review, reports were retrieved in which vitamin D status, as assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, was measured in South African population groups with varied skin colours and ethnicities. Healthy children and adults were generally vitamin D-sufficient [25(OH)D level >50 nmol/L] but the major...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijerph13101019
更新日期:2016-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding how people's worldviews and individual personality differences affect their thinking about anthropogenic climate change is critical to communication efforts regarding this issue. This study surveyed University of Georgia students to investigate the role that need for cognitive closure plays in level of c...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph17155619
更新日期:2020-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the differences in the quality of park play spaces between an affluent and a non-affluent community in a large US Southeastern metropolitan area. Two cities were purposefully selected to reflect differences in household income and race/ethnicity characteristics. Using the Playable Space Quality...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph120708009
更新日期:2015-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::The widespread use of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and surfactants in various consumer products makes it likely that they coexist in aqueous environments, making it important to study the effects of surfactants on the fate and transport behavior of CuO NPs. The present study aims to investigate the influence o...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph16071260
更新日期:2019-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Adjusting farming strategies are adaptive behaviors to cope with hazard risks. However, few studies have studied rural and remote mountain areas in China with little known about "farmers' adaptation under the impact of geo-hazards". Unlike traditional farmers' behavioral adaptation studies, in this study, we focused o...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph17041226
更新日期:2020-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::The improper stacking of chromium (Cr) slag poses a great threat to the environment and human health. The toxicity of Cr in soil is not only related to its total amount, but also to its fractions. A simulated experiment was conducted in laboratory to assess the environmental risk of Cr fractions migration and distribu...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph17082835
更新日期:2020-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, an attempt was made to simulate the air quality with reference to ozone over the Jackson (Mississippi) region using an online WRF/Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry) model. The WRF/Chem model has the advantages of the integration of the meteorological and chemistry modules with the same co...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph8062470
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea, this research aims to examine the structural effect of public health network explaining collaboration effectiveness, which is defined as joint efforts to improve quality of service provision, cost savings, and coordination. We tested t...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph14091064
更新日期:2017-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Most urban areas of the Po basin in the North of Italy are persistently affected by poor air quality and difficulty in disposing of airborne pollutants. In this context, the municipality of Milan started a multi-year progressive policy based on an extended limited traffic zone (Area B). Starting on 25 February 2019, t...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph17031088
更新日期:2020-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, whether the urban development in China satisfies Zipf's law across different scales is still unclear. Thus, this study attempted to explore whether China's urban development satisfies Zipf's law across different scales from the National Polar-Orbiting Partnership's Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite ...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph17041460
更新日期:2020-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::The World Trade Center (WTC) disaster exposed the responders to several hazards. Three cohorts i.e., the Fire Department of New York (FDNY), the General Responder Cohort (GRC), and the WTC Health Registry (WTCHR) surveyed the exposed responder population. We searched Pubmed and Web of Science for literature on a well-...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijerph15061053
更新日期:2018-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::Projecting future changes in extreme flood is critical for risk management. This paper presented an analysis of the implications of the Fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase (CMIP5) climate models on the future flood in the Jinsha River Basin (JRB) in Southwest China, using the Xinanjiang (XAJ) hydrologic ...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph15112491
更新日期:2018-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::While literature attempts to explain why self-reported subjective wellbeing (SWB) generally increases with age in most high-income countries based on a social determinants of a health framework, little work attempts to explain the low levels of self-report SWB among older persons in sub-Saharan Africa. Using the 2013 ...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph17072347
更新日期:2020-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::The fastest aging society with the lowest fertility rate can be buffered by support for healthy pregnancies using sociocultural approaches. We aimed to address adult perceptions of a healthy pregnancy and explored their needs and concerns about childbirth across the lifespan. We conducted a qualitative study using con...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph17072460
更新日期:2020-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy metal contamination is currently a major environmental concern, as most agricultural land is being polluted from municipal discharge. Among various other pollutants, cadmium (Cd), one of the most harmful heavy metals, enters into the food chain through the irrigation of crops with an industrial effluent. In the ...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph17113850
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines how confinement measures established during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis affected the emotions of the population. For this purpose, public sentiment on social media and digital ecosystems in Spain is analyzed. We identified affective tones towards media and citizens published on social media focusi...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph17165918
更新日期:2020-08-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and it may be flawed that most studies only use one obesity index to predict these risk factors. Therefore, our study aims to compare the various combined obesity indi...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph13080801
更新日期:2016-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::The ageing process is a phenomenon leading to an emergence of a web of interrelated biological processes producing significant changes in the human body. The aim of the paper was to analyse gender-specific differences with regard to selected biochemical parameters in longevity. The study was conducted in Poland in 201...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph16111915
更新日期:2019-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::In the current study, graphene oxide, Fe3+, and Fe2+ were used for the synthesis of magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) by an in situ chemical coprecipitation method. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the w...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph15071454
更新日期:2018-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::As illegal e-waste trade has been significantly growing over the course of the last few years, the consequences on human health and the environment demand immediate action on the part of the global community. Though it is argued that e-waste flows from developed to developing countries, this subject seems to be more c...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph13080789
更新日期:2016-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::This study aims to examine whether the urban elderly in the Zhejiang Province of China signed contracts with their general practitioner (GP) based on their health service needs, and to further identify the determinants of their demand and signing decisions. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 16 c...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph14040356
更新日期:2017-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the biodegradation performance and characteristics of Sudan I and Acid Orange 7 (AO7) to improve the biological dye removal efficiency in wastewater and optimize the treatment process. The dyes with different water-solubility and similar molecular structure were biologically treated under aerob...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph15010035
更新日期:2017-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::o-Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) is one of the most extensively used riot control agents. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review of the potential health effects related to CS exposure. We searched for papers in English between 1991 and 2014. Thirty five (35) studies (25 case reports, seven descriptive studie...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijerph120201397
更新日期:2015-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Soil microorganisms play a key role in global biogeochemical changes. To understand the interactions among soil bacterial communities and their responses to extreme environments, the soil properties and bacterial community diversity were determined in the post-mining ecosystem of the Loess Plateau, China. The results ...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph16244892
更新日期:2019-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Total cholesterol (TC) directly correlates with overweight/obesity, but it remains unclear if this association varies by race and ethnicity. We assessed the association as well as the racial/ethnic heterogeneity in this relationship. Data on 63,863 children were assessed using electronic medical records between 2010 a...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph13010019
更新日期:2015-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of Health-Literate Healthcare Organization (HLHO) concerns the strategies by which healthcare organizations make it easier for people to navigate, understand, and use information and services to take care of their health. The aims of this study were to validate the HLHO-10 questionnaire in the Italian lang...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph17072508
更新日期:2020-04-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Environmental lead exposure detrimentally affects children's educational performance, even at very low blood lead levels (BLLs). Among children in Chicago Public Schools (CPS), the severity of the effects of BLL on reading and math vary by racial subgroup (White vs. Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic Black). We inves...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijerph13080774
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary heart disease is a public health problem and is one of the leading causes of loss of quality of life, disability, and death worldwide. The main procedure these patients undergo is cardiac catheterisation, which helps improve their quality of life, symptoms of myocardial ischemia, and ventricular function, thu...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijerph17228439
更新日期:2020-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Sars-cov-2 virus (Covid-19) is a member of the coronavirus family and is responsible for the pandemic recently declared by the World Health Organization. A positive correlation has been observed between the spread of the virus and air pollution, one of the greatest challenges of our millennium. Covid-19 could have an ...
journal_title:International journal of environmental research and public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijerph17124487
更新日期:2020-06-22 00:00:00