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Prevalence and Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in People of Rural Communities of the High Jungle of Northern Peru.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Vector-borne transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi is seen exclusively in the Americas where an estimated 8 million people are infected with the parasite. Significant research in southern Peru has been conducted to understand T. cruzi infection and vector control, however, much less is known about the burden of infection and epidemiology in northern Peru. METHODOLOGY:A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of T. cruzi infection in humans (n=611) and domestic animals [dogs (n=106) and guinea pigs (n=206)] in communities of Cutervo Province, Peru. Sampling and diagnostic strategies differed according to species. An entomological household study (n=208) was conducted to identify the triatomine burden and species composition, as well as the prevalence of T. cruzi in vectors. Electrocardiograms (EKG) were performed on a subset of participants (n=90 T. cruzi infected participants and 170 age and sex-matched controls). The seroprevalence of T. cruzi among humans, dogs, and guinea pigs was 14.9% (95% CI: 12.2-18.0%), 19.8% (95% CI: 12.7-28.7%) and 3.3% (95% CI: 1.4-6.9%) respectively. In one community, the prevalence of T. cruzi infection was 17.2% (95% CI: 9.6-24.7%) among participants < 15 years, suggesting recent transmission. Increasing age, positive triatomines in a participant's house, and ownership of a T. cruzi positive guinea pig were independent correlates of T. cruzi infection. Only one species of triatomine was found, Panstrongylus lignarius, formerly P. herreri. Approximately forty percent (39.9%, 95% CI: 33.2-46.9%) of surveyed households were infested with this vector and 14.9% (95% CI: 10.4-20.5%) had at least one triatomine positive for T. cruzi. The cardiac abnormality of right bundle branch block was rare, but only identified in seropositive individuals. CONCLUSIONS:Our research documents a substantial prevalence of T. cruzi infection in Cutervo and highlights a need for greater attention and vector control efforts in northern Peru.

journal_name

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

journal_title

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors

Alroy KA,Huang C,Gilman RH,Quispe-Machaca VR,Marks MA,Ancca-Juarez J,Hillyard M,Verastegui M,Sanchez G,Cabrera L,Vidal E,Billig EM,Cama VA,Náquira C,Bern C,Levy MZ,Working Group on Chagas Disease in Peru.

doi

10.1371/journal.pntd.0003779

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-05-22 00:00:00

pages

e0003779

issue

eissn

1935-2727

issn

1935-2735

pii

PNTD-D-14-01735

journal_volume

pub_type

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Prevalence and Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in People of Rural Communities of the High Jungle of Northern Peru.