Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Assuming a higher risk of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection in the population of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in October of 1998 the TB Control Program of Clementino Fraga Filho Hospital (CFFH) routinely started to recommend a two-step tuberculin skin test (TST) in contacts of pulmonary TB cases in order to distinguish a boosting reaction due to a recall of delayed hypersensitivity previously established by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) or BCG vaccination from a tuberculin conversion. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of boosted tuberculin skin tests among contacts of individuals with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). METHODS:Retrospective cohort of TB contacts > or = 12 years old who were evaluated between October 1st, 1998 and October 31st 2001. Contacts with an initial TST < or = 4 mm were considered negative and had a second TST applied after 7-14 days. Boosting reaction was defined as a second TST > or = 10 mm with an increase in induration > or = 6 mm related to the first TST. All contacts with either a positive initial or repeat TST had a chest x-ray to rule out active TB disease, and initially positive contacts were offered isoniazid preventive therapy. Contacts that boosted did not receive treatment for latent TB infection and were followed for 24 months to monitor the development of TB. Statistical analysis of dichotomous variables was performed using Chi-square test. Differences were considered significant at a p < 0.05. RESULTS:Fifty four percent (572/1060) of contacts had an initial negative TST and 79% of them (455/572) had a second TST. Boosting was identified in 6% (28/455). The mean age of contacts with a boosting reaction was 42.3 +/- 21.1 and with no boosting was 28.7 +/- 21.7 (p = 0.01). Fifty percent (14/28) of individuals whose test boosted met criteria for TST conversion on the second TST (increase in induration > or = 10 mm). None of the 28 contacts whose reaction boosted developed TB disease within two years following the TST. CONCLUSION:The low number of contacts with boosting and the difficulty in distinguishing boosting from TST conversion in the second TST suggests that the strategy of two-step TST testing among contacts of active TB cases may not be useful. However, this conclusion must be taken with caution because of the small number of subjects followed.
journal_name
BMC Public Healthjournal_title
BMC public healthauthors
Salles CG,Ruffino-Netto A,Lapa-e-Silva JR,Kritski AL,Cailleaux-Cesar M,Queiroz-Mello FC,Conde MBdoi
10.1186/1471-2458-7-38subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-03-19 00:00:00pages
38issn
1471-2458pii
1471-2458-7-38journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe has established the Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) to monitor changes in overweight in primary-school children. The aims of this paper are to present the anthropometric results of COSI Round 2 (2009/2010) and to explore changes ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-806
更新日期:2014-08-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The burden of obesity and obesity-related conditions is not borne equally and disparities in prevalence are well documented for low-income, minority and rural adults in the United States. The current literature on rural versus urban disparities is largely derived from national surveillance data which may not...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1051
更新日期:2014-10-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common and costly healthcare problems worldwide. Disability from LBP is associated with maladaptive beliefs about the condition, and such beliefs can be influenced by public health interventions. While socioeconomic status (SES) has been identified as an important facto...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4387-4
更新日期:2017-05-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Globally syphilis is an important yet preventable cause of stillbirth, neonatal mortality and morbidity. OBJECTIVES:This review sought to estimate the effect of detection and treatment of active syphilis in pregnancy with at least 2.4 MU benzathine penicillin (or equivalent) on syphilis-related stillbirths ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-S3-S9
更新日期:2011-04-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Personal problems are known to influence mental health among workers. The current study investigated the most concerning present personal problems which have the greatest impact on psychological distress among working-age Japanese men, rather than issues relating to work tasks or duties. METHODS:We obtained...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1676-7
更新日期:2015-03-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Like many countries, Australia is currently changing its guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention from drug treatment for everyone with 'high blood pressure' or 'high cholesterol', to prevention based on a patient's absolute risk. In thi...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-398
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about adolescents' cancer awareness and help-seeking behaviour in Britain. This study assessed adolescents': awareness of cancer symptoms, common cancers, and the relationship between cancer and age; anticipated delay and perceived barriers to seeking medical advice; and examined variation by...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-580
更新日期:2012-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To date, research on men who have sex with men (MSM) has largely focused on their sexual health needs and on men recruited from gay-orientated venues. National probability survey data provide a rare opportunity to examine the broader sociodemographic, behavioural, and health profiles of MSM, defined as men w...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3149-z
更新日期:2016-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The emergence and spread of pathogenic bacteria that is resistant to antibiotics has become a major public health concern. The incorrect prescription, inappropriate consumption and excess use of antimicrobial drugs, specifically antibiotics, are possibly the main factors contributing to the widespread of ant...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08676-8
更新日期:2020-04-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Respiratory infections are the leading cause of childhood deaths in Bangladesh. Promoting respiratory hygiene may reduce infection transmission. This formative research explored community perceptions about respiratory infections. METHODS:We conducted 34 in-depth interviews and 16 focus group discussions wit...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-901
更新日期:2011-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The potential of web-based interventions in dietary behaviour modification of the diabetics has not been fully explored. We describe the protocol of a 12-month match-design randomised controlled trial of a web-based dietary intervention for type 2 diabetic patients with primary aim to evaluate the effect of ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-359
更新日期:2011-05-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The eastern and western regions of China are different in many ways such as socioeconomic characteristics and health resource distribution. This study aimed to explore the outpatient health-seeking behavior and compare the influencing factors of residents in Zhejiang and Qinghai Province, which represent the...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7305-0
更新日期:2019-07-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global disease burden. Although stroke was thought to be more prevalent than coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese, the epidemic pattern might have been changed in some rural areas nowadays. This study was to estimate up-to-date prevalence of CVD and its...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-34
更新日期:2012-01-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Indo-Asians in Canada are at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. There is a need for cultural and language specific educational materials relating to this risk. During this project we developed and field tested the acceptability of a hypertension public education pamphlet tailored to fit the needs of...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-24
更新日期:2011-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In recent decades, the incidence of cervical cancer and cervical cancer mortality in Austria has declined by varying degrees. The Pap smear is to be considered a causal factor for this decline. METHODS:This longitudinal analysis is based on a data set of Pap smear assessments collected by the Committee for ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-998
更新日期:2013-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the public health significance of annual influenza outbreaks, the literature comparing the epidemiology of influenza A and B infections is limited and dated and may not reflect recent trends. In Canada, the relative contribution of influenza A and B to the burden of morbidity is not well understood. ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1351-z
更新日期:2015-01-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Primary care organisations are faced with implementing a large number of guideline recommendations. We present methods by which the number of eligible patients requiring treatment, and the relative benefits to the whole population served by a general practice or Primary Care Trust, can be calculated to help ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-3-7
更新日期:2003-01-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are a global health problem with northern countries such as Canada at particular risk. A number of sociodemographic factors have been reported to be associated with low vitamin D levels but prior studies have been limited by the ability of the researchers to gather this data di...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-316
更新日期:2013-04-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown that there may be gender disparities in the prevalence of hypertension; however, these studies do not address the spatial information contained in the sample which may limit the analytical results. Our study extends the existing Shared Component Model (SCM) and compares its utilit...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3121-y
更新日期:2016-05-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since 1998, China has gradually moved toward voluntary uncompensated blood donation. In some cities, the shortage of platelets has been noticeably severe. Mutual assistance that collects blood from one's family and social networks is a potential solution. The measure, however, turned out problematic. There a...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7783-0
更新日期:2019-12-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) including maltreatment and exposure to household stressors can impact the health of children. Community factors that provide support, friendship and opportunities for development may build children's resilience and protect them against some harmful impacts of ACEs. We exa...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5699-8
更新日期:2018-06-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To evaluate the association between weight misperception and psychological symptoms in the Determinants of young Adults Social well-being and Health (DASH) longitudinal study. METHODS:A longitudinal sample of 3227 adolescents, in 49 secondary schools in London, aged 11-16 years participated in 2002/2003 and...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08823-1
更新日期:2020-05-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ghana has reached an advanced stage of nutrition transition, contributing to an increase in nutrition-related non-communicable diseases, particularly amongst urban women. Community involvement is an important factor in the success of efforts to promote healthy eating. The readiness of populations to accept a...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6989-5
更新日期:2019-05-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Public Health policies related to social distancing efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic helped slow the infection rate. However, individual-level factors associated with social distancing are largely unknown. We sought to examine social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan, an infection "hots...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-021-10287-w
更新日期:2021-01-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level is a surrogate marker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver disorder in adolescents. The majority of previous NAFLD studies in adolescents were performed in selected obese populations or had a cross-sectional design without a time...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5548-9
更新日期:2018-05-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although parental support is an important component in overweight prevention programs for children, current programs pay remarkably little attention to the role of parenting. To close this gap, we developed a web-based parenting program for parents entitled "Making a healthy deal with your child". This e-lea...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1394-1
更新日期:2015-02-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Efforts to explain children's nutrition behavior or weight often involve investigating the parent-child relationship, typically studying the associations between food parenting practices (FPPs) and child outcomes. However, these behaviors are embedded in a broader system: general parenting (GP, the general e...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3683-8
更新日期:2016-09-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:When an influenza pandemic occurs most of the population is susceptible and attack rates can range as high as 40-50 %. The most important failure in pandemic planning is the lack of standards or guidelines regarding what it means to be 'prepared'. The aim of this study was to assess the preparedness of acute...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2025-6
更新日期:2015-09-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An emerging body of research suggests the trajectory of a family's income affects children's health and development more profoundly than the often-measured income at a single time point. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between changes in family income status, early-life risk factors...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-417
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Injection overuse and unsafe injection practices facilitate transmission of bloodborne pathogens such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Anecdotal reports of unsafe and unnecessary therapeutic injections and the high prevalence of HBV (8.0%), HCV (6.5...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-5-56
更新日期:2005-06-02 00:00:00