A malaria vaccine that elicits in humans antibodies able to kill Plasmodium falciparum.

abstract：BACKGROUND:In common with many other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), rural to urban migrants in India are at increased risk of obesity, but it is unclear whether this is due to increased energy intake, reduced energy expenditure, or both. Knowing this and the relative contribution of specific dietary and phys...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Kinra S,Mallinson PAC,Cresswell JA,Bowen LJ,Lyngdoh T,Prabhakaran D,Reddy KS,Vaz M,Kurpad AV,Davey Smith G,Ben-Shlomo Y,Ebrahim S

更新日期：2020-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hospitalisation for adversity-related injury (violent, drug/alcohol-related, or self-inflicted injury) has been described as a "teachable moment", when intervention may reduce risks of further harm. Which adolescents are likely to benefit most from intervention strongly depends on their long-term risks of ha...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Herbert A,Gilbert R,González-Izquierdo A,Pitman A,Li L

更新日期：2015-12-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Attrition during the period from HIV testing to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is high worldwide. We assessed whether same-day HIV testing and ART initiation improves retention and virologic suppression. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We conducted an unblinded, randomized trial of standard ART initiation ver...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Koenig SP,Dorvil N,Dévieux JG,Hedt-Gauthier BL,Riviere C,Faustin M,Lavoile K,Perodin C,Apollon A,Duverger L,McNairy ML,Hennessey KA,Souroutzidis A,Cremieux PY,Severe P,Pape JW

更新日期：2017-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Psychosis is a severe mental condition that is characterized by a loss of contact with reality and is typically associated with hallucinations and delusional beliefs. There are numerous psychiatric conditions that present with psychotic symptoms, most importantly schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, an...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Huang JT,Leweke FM,Oxley D,Wang L,Harris N,Koethe D,Gerth CW,Nolden BM,Gross S,Schreiber D,Reed B,Bahn S

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND TO THE DEBATE:The UK Medical Research Council defines complex interventions as those comprising "a number of separate elements which seem essential to the proper functioning of the interventions although the 'active ingredient' of the intervention that is effective is difficult to specify." A typical example...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Shepperd S,Lewin S,Straus S,Clarke M,Eccles MP,Fitzpatrick R,Wong G,Sheikh A

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chris Beyrer and colleagues reflect on an underappreciated trend in multiple African, Asian, and Caribbean settings, in which the provision of HIV and other essential health services for sexual and gender minorities is expanding despite challenging legal and social environments. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Beyrer C,Makofane K,Orazulike I,Diouf D,Baral SD

更新日期：2016-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Kwonjune Seung and colleagues describe the Eugene Bell Foundation's experience of treating MDR-TB in North Korea. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Seung KJ,Franke M,Linton SW

更新日期：2016-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The optimal regimen for perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis is controversial. Use of combination prophylaxis with a beta-lactam plus vancomycin is increasing; however, the relative risks and benefits associated with this strategy are unknown. Thus, we sought to compare postoperative outcomes following ad...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Branch-Elliman W,Ripollone JE,O'Brien WJ,Itani KMF,Schweizer ML,Perencevich E,Strymish J,Gupta K

更新日期：2017-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a genetically heterogeneous group of retinal diseases that cause congenital blindness in infants and children. Mutations in the GUCY2D gene that encodes retinal guanylate cyclase-1 (retGC1) were the first to be linked to this disease group (LCA type 1 [LCA1]) and account f...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Williams ML,Coleman JE,Haire SE,Aleman TS,Cideciyan AV,Sokal I,Palczewski K,Jacobson SG,Semple-Rowland SL

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can stratify populations into cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk groups. We aimed to quantify the potential advantage of adding information on PRSs to conventional risk factors in the primary prevention of CVD. METHODS AND FINDINGS:Using data from UK Biobank on 306,654 individual...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Sun L,Pennells L,Kaptoge S,Nelson CP,Ritchie SC,Abraham G,Arnold M,Bell S,Bolton T,Burgess S,Dudbridge F,Guo Q,Sofianopoulou E,Stevens D,Thompson JR,Butterworth AS,Wood A,Danesh J,Samani NJ,Inouye M,Di Angelantoni

更新日期：2021-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Rare diseases affect as many as 60 million people in the United States and Europe. However, most rare diseases lack effective therapies and are in critical need of clinical research. Our objective was to determine the frequency of noncompletion and nonpublication of trials studying rare diseases. METHODS AN...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Rees CA,Pica N,Monuteaux MC,Bourgeois FT

更新日期：2019-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prescription opioid misuse has become a leading cause of unintentional injury and death among adolescents and young adults in the United States. However, there is limited information on how adolescents and young adults obtain prescription opioids. There are also inadequate recent data on the prevalence of ad...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Hudgins JD,Porter JJ,Monuteaux MC,Bourgeois FT

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol drinking, obesity, and several other well-studied unhealthy lifestyle-related factors each have been linked to the risk of multiple chronic diseases and premature death, little is known about the combined impact on mortality outcomes, in particular among Chinese ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Nechuta SJ,Shu XO,Li HL,Yang G,Xiang YB,Cai H,Chow WH,Ji B,Zhang X,Wen W,Gao YT,Zheng W

更新日期：2010-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In this month's editorial, PLOS Medicine's Chief Editor Larry Peiperl discusses the relevance of patient care to a journal editor's work. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Peiperl L,PLOS Medicine Editors.

更新日期：2017-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The World Health Organization (WHO) released revised guidelines in 2015 recommending that all people living with HIV, regardless of CD4 count, initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) upon diagnosis. However, few studies have projected the global resources needed for rapid scale-up of ART. Under the Health Poli...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Dutta A,Barker C,Kallarakal A

更新日期：2015-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To reduce the risk of drug-induced haemolysis, all patients should be tested for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency (G6PDd) prior to prescribing primaquine (PQ)-based radical cure for the treatment of vivax malaria. This systematic review and individual patient meta-analysis assessed the uti...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Ley B,Winasti Satyagraha A,Rahmat H,von Fricken ME,Douglas NM,Pfeffer DA,Espino F,von Seidlein L,Henriques G,Oo NN,Menard D,Parikh S,Bancone G,Karahalios A,Price RN

更新日期：2019-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) of houses provide effective malaria transmission control. There is conflicting evidence about whether it is more beneficial to provide both interventions in combination. A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted to investigate wheth...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： West PA,Protopopoff N,Wright A,Kivaju Z,Tigererwa R,Mosha FW,Kisinza W,Rowland M,Kleinschmidt I

更新日期：2014-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a progressive disease whereby there is often deterioration in glucose control despite escalation in treatment. There is significant heterogeneity to this progression of glycemia after onset of diabetes, yet the factors that influence glycemic progression are not well understood. Give...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Jiang G,Luk AO,Tam CHT,Lau ES,Ozaki R,Chow EYK,Kong APS,Lim CKP,Lee KF,Siu SC,Hui G,Tsang CC,Lau KP,Leung JYY,Tsang MW,Kam G,Lau IT,Li JK,Yeung VT,Lau E,Lo S,Fung SKS,Cheng YL,Chow CC,Pearson ER,So WY,

更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Antenatal corticosteroid therapy (ACT) is used clinically to prepare the fetal lung for impending preterm birth, but animal and human studies link corticosteroids to smaller birth size. Whether ACT is associated with birth size is debated; therefore, we assessed differences in birth size in treated versus un...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Rodriguez A,Wang Y,Ali Khan A,Cartwright R,Gissler M,Järvelin MR

更新日期：2019-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Only about half the studies that have collected information on the relevance of women's height and body mass index to their risk of developing ovarian cancer have published their results, and findings are inconsistent. Here, we bring together the worldwide evidence, published and unpublished, and describe th...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Collaborative Group on Epidemiological Studies of Ovarian Cancer.

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A nonsputum blood test capable of predicting progression of healthy individuals to active tuberculosis (TB) before clinical symptoms manifest would allow targeted treatment to curb transmission. We aimed to develop a proteomic biomarker of risk of TB progression for ultimate translation into a point-of-care ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Penn-Nicholson A,Hraha T,Thompson EG,Sterling D,Mbandi SK,Wall KM,Fisher M,Suliman S,Shankar S,Hanekom WA,Janjic N,Hatherill M,Kaufmann SHE,Sutherland J,Walzl G,De Groote MA,Ochsner U,Zak DE,Scriba TJ,ACS and GC6–74

更新日期：2019-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is unclear whether an upper gastrointestinal bleed is an isolated gastrointestinal event or an indicator of a deterioration in a patient's overall health status. Therefore, we investigated the excess causes of death in individuals after a non-variceal bleed compared with deaths in a matched sample of the ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Crooks CJ,Card TR,West J

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Xonghong Xiao and colleagues analyze the challenge of antimicrobial resistance in China. A government strategy to promote rational use of antimicrobials in health care reduced antibiotic sales and percentage of prescriptions for antimicrobials for both hospitalized patients and outpatients, and offers insights to shap...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Xiao Y,Zhang J,Zheng B,Zhao L,Li S,Li L

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thomas Platts-Mills and Matthew Perzanowski provide their expert Perspective on a translational study from Custovic and colleagues that identifies pairings of IgE that show value in estimating risk of concurrent asthma. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Platts-Mills TAE,Perzanowski M

更新日期：2018-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is evidence that a young child's risk of dying increases following the mother's death, but little is known about the risk when the mother becomes very ill prior to her death. We hypothesized that children would be more likely to die during the period several months before their mother's death, as well ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Clark SJ,Kahn K,Houle B,Arteche A,Collinson MA,Tollman SM,Stein A

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Immunohistochemical markers are often used to classify breast cancer into subtypes that are biologically distinct and behave differently. The aim of this study was to estimate mortality for patients with the major subtypes of breast cancer as classified using five immunohistochemical markers, to investigate ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Blows FM,Driver KE,Schmidt MK,Broeks A,van Leeuwen FE,Wesseling J,Cheang MC,Gelmon K,Nielsen TO,Blomqvist C,Heikkilä P,Heikkinen T,Nevanlinna H,Akslen LA,Bégin LR,Foulkes WD,Couch FJ,Wang X,Cafourek V,Olson JE,Bag

更新日期：2010-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In June 2016, the first phase of the Chilean Food Labelling and Advertising Law that mandated front-of-package warning labels and marketing restrictions for unhealthy foods and beverages was implemented. We assess foods and beverages reformulation after this initial implementation. METHODS AND FINDINGS:A da...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Reyes M,Smith Taillie L,Popkin B,Kanter R,Vandevijvere S,Corvalán C

更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The PLoS Medicine Editors discuss the link between shift work, diet, and type 2 diabetes, and argue that unhealthy eating should be considered a new form of occupational hazard. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： PLoS Medicine Editors.

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Whole genome sequencing provides better delineation of transmission clusters in Mycobacterium tuberculosis than traditional methods. However, its ability to reveal individual transmission links within clusters is limited. Here, we used a 2-step approach based on Bayesian transmission reconstruction to (1) id...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Xu Y,Cancino-Muñoz I,Torres-Puente M,Villamayor LM,Borrás R,Borrás-Máñez M,Bosque M,Camarena JJ,Colomer-Roig E,Colomina J,Escribano I,Esparcia-Rodríguez O,Gil-Brusola A,Gimeno C,Gimeno-Gascón A,Gomila-Sard B,González-Gran

更新日期：2019-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：:This month in PLOS Medicine we launched a Special Issue on New Tools and Strategies for Tuberculosis Diagnosis, Care, and Elimination. In this issue's Editorial, the Guest Editors Claudia Denkinger, Richard Chaisson, and Mark Hatherill highlight some of the research that will publish and how these studies focusing on ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Hatherill M,Chaisson RE,Denkinger CM

更新日期：2019-04-30 00:00:00