Abstract:
:Artificial intelligence (AI) is seen as a strategic lever to improve access, quality, and efficiency of care and services and to build learning and value-based health systems. Many studies have examined the technical performance of AI within an experimental context. These studies provide limited insights into the issues that its use in a real-world context of care and services raises. To help decision makers address these issues in a systemic and holistic manner, this viewpoint paper relies on the health technology assessment core model to contrast the expectations of the health sector toward the use of AI with the risks that should be mitigated for its responsible deployment. The analysis adopts the perspective of payers (ie, health system organizations and agencies) because of their central role in regulating, financing, and reimbursing novel technologies. This paper suggests that AI-based systems should be seen as a health system transformation lever, rather than a discrete set of technological devices. Their use could bring significant changes and impacts at several levels: technological, clinical, human and cognitive (patient and clinician), professional and organizational, economic, legal, and ethical. The assessment of AI's value proposition should thus go beyond technical performance and cost logic by performing a holistic analysis of its value in a real-world context of care and services. To guide AI development, generate knowledge, and draw lessons that can be translated into action, the right political, regulatory, organizational, clinical, and technological conditions for innovation should be created as a first step.
journal_name
J Med Internet Resjournal_title
Journal of medical Internet researchauthors
Alami H,Lehoux P,Auclair Y,de Guise M,Gagnon MP,Shaw J,Roy D,Fleet R,Ag Ahmed MA,Fortin JPdoi
10.2196/17707subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-07-07 00:00:00pages
e17707issue
7eissn
1439-4456issn
1438-8871pii
v22i7e17707journal_volume
22pub_type
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