Abstract:
:Background: Improved diagnostic tests are needed for the early identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected young children exposed to an active TB (aTB) index case. We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of new blood-based tests to that of the tuberculin skin test (TST) for the identification of all infected children and for a potential differentiation between aTB and latent TB infection (LTBI). Methods: 144 children exposed to a patient with aTB were included, and those who met all inclusion criteria (130/144) were classified in three groups based on results from classical investigations: non-infected (NI: n = 69, 53%, median age 10 months), LTBI (n = 28, 22%, median age 96 months), aTB disease (n = 33, 25%, median age 24 months). The first whole blood assay consisted of a 7-days in vitro stimulation of blood with four different mycobacterial antigens (40 μl/condition), followed by flow cytometric measurement of the proportions of blast cells appearing among lymphocytes as a result of their specific activation. Thresholds of positivity were determined by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis (results of NI children vs. children with LTBI/aTB) in order to identify infected children in a first stage. Other cut-offs were determined to discriminate subgroups of infected children in a second step (results from children with aTB/LTBI). Analysis of blood monocytes and dendritic cell subsets was performed on 100 μl of blood for 25 of these children as a second test in a pilot study. Results: Combining the results of the blast-induced CD3+ T lymphocytes by Heparin-Binding Haemagglutinin and by Culture Filtrate Protein-10 identified all but one infected children (sensitivity 98.2% and specificity 86.9%, compared to 93.4 and 100% for the TST). Further identification among infected children of those with aTB was best achieved by the results of blast-induced CD8+ T lymphocytes by purified protein derivative (sensitivity for localized aTB: 61.9%, specificity 96.3%), whereas high proportions of blood type 2 myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) were a hallmark of LTBI. Conclusions: New blood-based tests requiring a very small volume allow the accurate identification of M. tuberculosis-infected young children among exposed children and are promising to guide the clinical classification of children with aTB or LTBI.
journal_name
Front Pediatrjournal_title
Frontiers in pediatricsauthors
Dreesman A,Dirix V,Smits K,Corbière V,Van Praet A,Debulpaep S,De Schutter I,Felderhof MK,Malfroot A,Singh M,Locht C,Mouchet F,Mascart Fdoi
10.3389/fped.2019.00311subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-07-25 00:00:00pages
311issn
2296-2360journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Maternal primary and non-primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy can result in in utero transmission to the developing fetus. Congenital CMV (cCMV) can result in significant morbidity, mortality or long-term sequelae, including sensorineural hearing loss, the most common sequela. As a leading cause of...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00013
更新日期:2020-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose of Review: A significant number of pregnancies are complicated by a fetus with a life-limiting diagnosis. As diagnoses are made earlier in the pregnancy, families experience anticipatory grief and are faced with navigating goals of care for a baby that has yet to be born. With the support of the care team, fam...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00556
更新日期:2020-09-08 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Placenta shows high transcription levels of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) that are overexpressed during embryonic and fetal development. Methods: In order to gather further information on the degree of HERV activation in maternal and fetal tissues we assessed the transcription levels of pol genes o...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00244
更新日期:2020-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::DNA repair defects are inborn errors of immunity that result in increased apoptosis and oncogenesis. DNA Ligase 4-deficient patients suffer from a wide range of clinical manifestations since early in life, including: microcephaly, dysmorphic facial features, growth failure, developmental delay, mental retardation; hip...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2018.00426
更新日期:2019-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common life-threatening gastrointestinal condition among very and extremely preterm infants. Stem cell therapy has shown some promising protective effects in animal models of intestinal injury, including NEC, but no systematic review has yet evaluated the preclin...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.578984
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (Microcephaly Primary Hereditary, MCPH) is a rare disorder, affecting 1 in 10,000 children in areas where consanguineous marriages are common. WDR62 gene mutations are the second most common cause of MCPH. Herein, we report a case of primary microcephaly caused by t...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fped.2019.00457
更新日期:2019-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the second most common leukemia of childhood and is associated with high rates of chemotherapy resistance and relapse. Clinical outcomes for children with AML treated with maximally intensive multi-agent chemotherapy lag far behind those of children with the more common acute lymphoblas...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fped.2017.00248
更新日期:2017-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: The pediatric perineal microbiomes inhabit a dynamic environment with changes related to diet, toileting habits, and hormonal development. We hypothesized that next-generation sequencing would reveal different perineal bacterial signatures associated with developmental milestones in premenstrual females....
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.542413
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of orthostatic hypertension in children was first proposed in 2012. The pathogenesis is not clear by now. Orthostatic hypertension is one of the important causes of orthostatic intolerance in children and is related to the development of essential hypertension in the future. It is commonly seen in older ch...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00425
更新日期:2020-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::The use of prolonged respiratory support under the form of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is frequent in newborn infants. Introduction of oral feeding under such nasal respiratory support is, however, highly controversial among neonatologists, due to the fear that i...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2017.00296
更新日期:2018-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::The term osteopetrosis describes a group of rare hereditary diseases of the skeleton, characterized by an increase in bone density, caused by a defect in the development or function of osteoclasts. It comprises a clinically and genetically heterogeneous conditions ranging from infantile onset life-threatening forms to...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fped.2018.00213
更新日期:2018-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives: Empirical assessment of parental needs and affecting factors for counseling success after prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods:Counseling success after fetal diagnosis of CHD was assessed by a validated standardized questionnaire. The dependent variable "Effective Counseling" was m...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00026
更新日期:2020-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::In recent decades, new research into the developmental defects and pathophysiological basis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has revealed opportunities for the development of innovative therapies. Importantly, the use of animal models to represent this anomaly in the laboratory has resulted in the discovery of...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fped.2014.00036
更新日期:2014-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a common systemic vasculitis affecting children. It is managed in the outpatient setting and rarely associated with malignancy. We present a case of neuroblastoma in a 7-year-old boy diagnosed after suspected HSP. Our case highlights the importance of maintaining a broad differential ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00077
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of surgical techniques exist for the management of urolithiasis. Minimally invasive techniques have replaced open surgery in the last few decades. For complex stone management, robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) has emerged as a safe and feasible alternative in adults. The literature for RALS for u...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fped.2019.00351
更新日期:2019-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Viral respiratory tract infections (VRTI) may cause severe respiratory and sepsis-like symptoms in infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Little is known about the frequencies of VRTI in relation to visiting policies in the NICU. Objective: Aim of this study was to evaluate the fr...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.606262
更新日期:2020-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::To date, the only known effective treatment for celiac disease (CD) is a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) for life. Patients with CD often find it difficult to adhere to strict GFD. Oats, compared with wheat, barley, and rye, contain less amounts of prolamins. Inclusion of oats in a GFD might be valuable due to their nut...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fped.2019.00384
更新日期:2019-09-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bloodstream infection (BSI) is one of the significant causes of morbidity and mortality encountered in a neonatal intensive care unit, especially in developing countries. Despite the implementation of infection control practices, such as strict hand hygiene, the BSI rate in our hospital is still high. The us...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2015.00020
更新日期:2015-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory processing difficulties are common among many special needs children, especially those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The sensory sensitivities often result in interference of daily functioning and can lead to social isolation for both the individual and family unit. A quality improvement (QI) project wa...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2017.00193
更新日期:2017-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Pediatric neuro-oncology surgery continues to progress in sophistication, largely driven by advances in technology used to aid the following aspects of surgery: operative planning (advanced MRI techniques including fMRI and DTI), intraoperative navigation [preoperative MRI, intra-operative MRI (ioMRI) and intra-operat...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fped.2018.00309
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is an X- linked recessive disorder and the most common error of the urea cycle, caused by the mutations in the OTC gene. Due to X-inactivation, 15-20% of female carriers present symptoms of OTCD at late onset. Early diagnosis of OTCD by molecular analysis in fem...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00321
更新日期:2020-07-23 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Pediatric sepsis causes significant global morbidity and mortality and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear the bulk of the burden. International sepsis guidelines may not be relevant in LMICs, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), due to resource constraints and population differences. There is a...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2017.00278
更新日期:2017-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by neurodegeneration, combined immunodeficiency, and oculocutaneous telangiectasia. The hyper-IgM phenotype of A-T, correlating with a class-switch recombination defect, IgG and IgA deficiency, T helper and B cell lymphopenia, immune dysregul...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.570330
更新日期:2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear factor kappa-B subunit 2 (NF-κB2/p100/p52), encoded by NFKB2 (MIM: 164012) belongs to the NF-κB family of transcription factors that play a critical role in inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. Heterozygous C-terminal mutations in NFKB2 have been associated with early-onset...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fped.2019.00303
更新日期:2019-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives: Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a primary immunodeficiency disease characterized by the early onset of recurrent infections and persistent severe neutropenia, with or without genetic defect. We aimed to study the different clinical features and hematological and bone marrow characteristics of patien...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2018.00305
更新日期:2018-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a giant gastric phytobezoar in a child with repaired congenital esophageal atresia. At age two, a gastric interposition (pull-up) procedure was performed for severe and recurrent esophageal strictures. For 12 months post-gastric interposition, he experienced frequent respiratory illnesses requiring hospita...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fped.2017.00098
更新日期:2017-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Background Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the sleep characteristics of children and explore associations with various socio-demographic factors in an area of Greece characterized by cultural diversity. Methods: A questionnaire about children's sleep habits had been distributed to parents of children who vis...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00023
更新日期:2020-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: To evaluate serial ferritin levels measured in the initial 72 h of admission as a biomarker for new and progressive multi organ dysfunction syndrome (NPMODS) and mortality (unfavorable outcomes) in critically ill children with sepsis due to tropical infections. Material and Methods: In this prospective obse...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.607673
更新日期:2020-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is a useful first-line treatment for Kawasaki disease (KD); however, 10-20% of patients fail to respond and require additional IVIG. Soluble CD163 (sCD163) is considered a biomarker for macrophage activation. There are no reports measuring serum sCD163 in KD patient...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00148
更新日期:2020-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::High-pressure processing (HPP) is a non-thermal technology that is being increasingly applied in food industries worldwide. It was proposed that this method could be used as an alternative to holder pasteurization (HoP; 62.5°C, 30 min) in milk banks but its impact on the immunologic, enzymatic and hormonal components ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fped.2018.00323
更新日期:2018-11-16 00:00:00