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Comparison of the direct and indirect reduction techniques during the surgical management of posterior malleolar fractures.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:The optimal method for the reduction and fixation of posterior malleolar fracture (PMF) remains inconclusive. Currently, both of the indirect and direct reduction techniques are widely used. We aimed to compare the reduction quality and clinical outcome of posterior malleolar fracture managed with the direct reduction technique through posterolateral approach or the indirect reduction technique using ligamentotaxis. METHODS:Patients with a PMF involving over 25% of the articular surface were recruited and assigned to the direct reduction (DR) group or the indirect reduction (IR) group. Following reduction and fixation of the fracture, the quality of fracture reduction was evaluated in post-operative CT images. Clinical and radiological follow-ups were performed at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and then at 6 month-intervals postoperatively. Functional outcome (AOFAS score), ankle range of motion, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were evaluated at the last follow-up. Statistical differences were compared between the DR and IR groups considering the patient demographics, quality of fracture reduction, AOFAS score, and VAS. RESULTS:Totally 116 patients were included, wherein 64 cases were assigned to the DR group and 52 cases were assigned to the IR group. The quality of fracture reduction was significant higher in the DR group (P = 0.038). In the patients who completed a minimum of 12 months' follow-up, a median AOFAS score of 87 was recorded in the DR group, which was significantly higher than that recorded in the IR group (a median score of 80). The ankle range of motion was slightly better in the DR group, with the mean dorsiflexion restriction recorded to be 5.2° and 6.1° in the DR and IR group respectively (P = 0.331). Similar VAS score was observed in the two groups (P = 0.419). CONCLUSIONS:The direct reduction technique through a posterolateral approach provide better quality of fracture reduction and functional outcome in the management of PMF over 25% of articular surface, as compared with the indirect reduction technique using ligamentotaxis. TRIAL REGISTRATION:NCT02801474 (retrospectively registered, June 2016, ClinicalTrails.gov).

journal_name

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

journal_title

BMC musculoskeletal disorders

authors

Shi HF,Xiong J,Chen YX,Wang JF,Qiu XS,Huang J,Gui XY,Wen SY,Wang YH

doi

10.1186/s12891-017-1475-7

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-03-14 00:00:00

pages

109

issue

issn

1471-2474

pii

10.1186/s12891-017-1475-7

journal_volume

pub_type

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Comparison of the direct and indirect reduction techniques during the surgical management of posterior malleolar fractures.