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Assessment of adult body composition using bioelectrical impedance: comparison of researcher calculated to machine outputted values.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVES:To explore the usefulness of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) for general use by identifying best-evidenced formulae to calculate lean and fat mass, comparing these to historical gold standard data and comparing these results with machine-generated output. In addition, we explored how to best to adjust lean and fat estimates for height and how these overlapped with body mass index (BMI). DESIGN:Cross-sectional observational study within population representative cohort study. SETTING:Urban community, North East England PARTICIPANTS:Sample of 506 mothers of children aged 7-8 years, mean age 36.3 years. METHODS:Participants were measured at a home visit using a portable height measure and leg-to-leg BIA machine (Tanita TBF-300MA). MEASURES:Height, weight, bioelectrical impedance (BIA). OUTCOME MEASURES:Lean and fat mass calculated using best-evidenced published formulae as well as machine-calculated lean and fat mass data. RESULTS:Estimates of lean mass were similar to historical results using gold standard methods. When compared with the machine-generated values, there were wide limits of agreement for fat mass and a large relative bias for lean that varied with size. Lean and fat residuals adjusted for height differed little from indices of lean (or fat)/height(2). Of 112 women with BMI >30 kg/m(2), 100 (91%) also had high fat, but of the 16 with low BMI (<19 kg/m(2)) only 5 (31%) also had low fat. CONCLUSIONS:Lean and fat mass calculated from BIA using published formulae produces plausible values and demonstrate good concordance between high BMI and high fat, but these differ substantially from the machine-generated values. Bioelectrical impedance can supply a robust and useful field measure of body composition, so long as the machine-generated output is not used.

journal_name

BMJ Open

journal_title

BMJ open

authors

Franco-Villoria M,Wright CM,McColl JH,Sherriff A,Pearce MS,Gateshead Millennium Study core team.

doi

10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008922

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-01-07 00:00:00

pages

e008922

issue

issn

2044-6055

pii

bmjopen-2015-008922

journal_volume

pub_type

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Assessment of adult body composition using bioelectrical impedance: comparison of researcher calculated to machine outputted values.