Abstract:
:Following an outline that details the pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) identified in studies from Europe, this article reviews the guidelines for the management of CAP in four European countries--France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. The method behind the development of each document is described, followed by a comparison of the scope of each document. All four documents provide guidelines for the management of two groups of patients--the severely ill and the nonseverely ill patient. A penicillin or macrolide feature for the nonseverely ill and the combination of a third-generation cephalosporin plus a macrolide for the severely ill patient are described in all four guidelines. Despite their different origins and methods, these four guidelines have more similarities than differences--the latter serving to emphasize some of the areas that require further research in this important condition. An important area for research is the impact that these guidelines have on practice and especially on clinical outcomes.
journal_name
Chestjournal_title
Chestauthors
Woodhead Mdoi
10.1378/chest.113.3_supplement.183ssubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-03-01 00:00:00pages
183S-187Sissue
3 Suppleissn
0012-3692issn
1931-3543pii
S0012-3692(15)47982-6journal_volume
113pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CHEST文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND:COPD is a heterogeneous disease characterized by airflow obstruction and diagnosed by lung function. CT imaging is emerging as an important, noninvasive tool in phenotyping COPD. However, the use of CT imaging in defining the disease heterogeneity above lung function is not fully known. METHODS:Seventy-five...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.10-3007
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) by helmet and face mask in immunocompromised patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure (ARF). DESIGN:Case-control study. SETTING:The general ICU of a university hospital. PATIENTS:Nineteen immunocompromised patients (hemato...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.126.5.1508
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) improves hemodynamics and exercise capacity. However, its effect on respiratory function is unclear. Our objective was to investigate the effect of BPA on respiratory function. METHODS:We enrolled patients with inop...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chest.2016.10.002
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:We assessed whether transpleural methods for diagnosing peripheral lung cancer, such as needle aspiration or tumor excision, affect relapse and prognosis, because these techniques have potential to spread malignant cells from the tumor. DESIGN:A retrospective study. SETTING:National referral hospital....
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.120.5.1595
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reported is a patient with bilateral pulmonary artery stenosis which developed concurrently with an episode of idiopathic pericarditis. This association has been unreported previously. The stenosis was corrected surgically. Postoperatively, magnetic resonance imaging was used to follow the status of the pulmonary arte...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.93.4.883
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationships between pulmonary function and sleep-induced respiratory events were studied in 34 consecutive male patients with suspected sleep apnea syndrome. In view of the effects of obstructive airway disease on pulmonary volume and airway resistance (Raw), patients were divided into two groups, those with and...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.87.4.437
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:There have been many studies on the physical characteristics at the time of contraction of a primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP), but it has not been shown when and how such physical characteristics develop. These issues were investigated. PATIENTS AND DESIGN:Physical development of 27 male patient...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.116.4.899
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess the diagnostic accuracy of the chest radiograph in the evaluation of acute pulmonary complications in immunocompromised patients. METHODS:The study included the chest radiographs in 149 consecutive acute pulmonary complications seen in immunocompromised patients in whom a definitive diagnosis was mad...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.108.5.1283
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To determine the incidence and mortality as well as to analyze the clinical and pathologic changes of aortic dissection. DESIGN AND SETTING:A population-based longitudinal study over 27 years on a study population of 106,500, including 66 hospitalized and 18 nonhospitalized consecutively observed pati...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.117.5.1271
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE) usually affects people living in the tropics, especially those in Southeast Asia, India, and certain parts of China and Africa. However, owing to the rising frequency of world-wide travel and the migration between continents, this disease is increasingly seen in the West, where th...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.113.6.1673
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nineteen consecutive patients with clinically suspected sarcoidosis underwent 67Ga-scintigraphy prior to transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) to determine if 67Ga uptake in lung parenchyma would increase the diagnostic yield of the biopsy procedure. Biopsies were obtained from the areas showing parenchymal uptake on the ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.82.1.7
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the degree to which bioactive penicillin, metronidazole, ceftriaxone, clindamycin, vancomycin, and gentamicin penetrate into empyemic pleural fluid using our new rabbit model of empyema. METHODS:An empyema was created via the intrapleural injection of 10(8)()Pasteurella multocida bacteria into t...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.117.6.1734
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aortic valve atresia is usually associated with hypoplasia of the left ventricle and mitral valve. We report a patient presenting aortic atresia with ventricular septal defect and a normally sized left ventricle. The electrocardiogram showed left axis deviation and left ventricular hypertrophy. The ventricular septal ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.69.1.121
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Massive pulmonary emboli is a rare disease in children, with only 39 reported cases in the last 50 years. Almost 50% of the patients died suddenly without receiving medical treatment. Most of the patients who were managed medically (70% of the treated patients) underwent surgical pulmonary embolectomy with 80% surviva...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.11-2759
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Significant concentrations of asbestos fibers have been found in samples of laryngeal tissue from two patients with past exposure to asbestos and associated asbestosis. In one case, there was a polyp on a vocal cord and in the other one a laryngeal carcinoma. These findings could provide an indication of a local carci...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.76.6.697
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term response to vasodilator therapy was assessed in six patients with PPH. Following an acute trial, each patient was restudied after (1) two months of drug administration, (2) one month of abstinence from therapy, and (3) an additional two months of therapy. Three of six patients had no long-term reduction of P...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.95.6.1185
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To evaluate, through clinical and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) follow-up, the natural history of persistent pericardial effusion (PE) after postoperative day 15 in patients who were given and were not given anticoagulant therapy. DESIGN AND PATIENTS:We retrospectively studied a cohort of 1,277...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.125.6.2182
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is a pulmonary vasculopathy resulting in exercise intolerance, usually due to dyspnea. We hypothesized that ventilation is increased during exercise in PPH relative to normal because the ventilated lung is underperfused, cardiac output increase is restricted, and arterial...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.127.5.1637
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is uniquely suited for the study of large airway lesions in the ventilated premature infant. However, no standardized clinical scoring system of distal tracheal injury exists and the adverse consequences of FB in ventilated premature infants are not well described. Using a prototype Olympus ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.98.5.1219
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:An overdiagnosis bias occurs with the diagnosis of a disease that does not produce signs or symptoms before the patient dies from other causes. We sought to determine whether overdiagnosis bias is a factor when screening for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. DESIGN:Retrospective study of the Miyagi Popula...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.126.1.108
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and severity of arterial oxygen desaturation during and after endotracheal suctioning in a group of ventilator-dependent patients with acute respiratory failure (the majority of whom had underlying obstructive lung disease) and to evaluate the efficacy of severa...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.83.4.621
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe three cases of acute uncomplicated bacterial pneumonia due to viridans streptococci in previously healthy adults, which were indistinguishable from those caused by other well-known respiratory pathogens. On arrival, all of these patients were treated with IV aqueous penicillin based on Gram stain of sputum...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.96.4.831
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of one hour exposures of healthy nonsmoking human volunteers to submicrometer H2SO4 droplets via nasal mask on tracheobronchial mucociliary particle clearance were studied using two different sized monodisperse gamma-tagged Fe2O3 test aerosols. The larger sized Fe2O3 aerosol, 7.5 micrometers AMAD, was depo...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.80.6.873
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare sublingual PCO(2) (PslCO(2)) measurements with gastric intramucosal PCO(2) (PimCO(2)) as well as with the traditional indexes of tissue oxygenation in hemodynamically unstable ICU patients. DESIGN:A prospective, validation study. SETTING:The medical and coronary ICUs of a community teaching hospi...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.120.3.923
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spontaneous pneumothorax is a complication that is commonly reported in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). An understanding of the pathophysiology of this complication and its consequences is important for the management of patients with CF. OBJECTIVE:To identify risk factors associated with pneumothorax a...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.128.2.720
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Physician productivity, practice expense, resource allocation, facilities, staff, and malpractice are variables in medical practice profitability. The ongoing challenge of collecting reliable and consistent data created an opportunity in 2001 for the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) Practice Admin...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.130.3.885
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of two-dimensional echocardiographic (2D echo) measurements in diagnosing right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). These measurements of the right atrium and the ventricle were made in 15 patients with right ventricular hypertrophy and in 11 normal subjects and were...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.84.2.154
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because PGE1 previously has been reported to increase survival of patients with ARDS, we evaluated physiologic effects and side effects of PGE1 in a prospective open-label study of patients with ARDS. Seventeen patients with ARDS who did not have significant renal or hepatic dysfunction received PGE1 by continuous cen...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.97.3.684
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We hypothesized that intermittent hypoxia might influence serum substance P levels, and that this effect might in turn contribute in excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). PATIENTS AND METHODS:Fifty-five patients with newly diagnosed OSAS and 15 age-match...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.06-2348
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::COPD and OSA are both highly prevalent, which implies that both disorders occurring together (overlap syndrome) is likely to be common based on chance association alone. However, different clinical COPD phenotypes influence the likelihood of coexisting OSA in that the increased lung volumes and low BMI associated with...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.chest.2017.04.160
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00