Abstract:
:Serological and biochemical studies indicate that acute HBV infection is resolved in the context of an efficient cell-mediated immune (CMI) response, whereas, chronic infection is characterized by weak to undetectable CMI responses and relatively efficient humoral immunity. Because humoral immunity and CMI are regulated by different TH subsets, factors which influence the induction of TH1 vs TH2 cells specific for the HBV nucleocapsid antigens (HBcAg, HBeAg) were examined in a murine model system. The factors which affected the HBc/HBeAg-specific TH1/TH2-cell balance included: (1) the structure of the antigen (i.e. HBcAg vs HBeAg); (2) the host MHC and T-cell site recognized; (3) crossregulation between TH1 and TH2 cells; (4) T-cell tolerance, which is more complete in TH1 than in TH2 cells; (5) secreted HBeAg, which preferentially depletes TH1 cells; (6) the HBV-specific subset response could be skewed towards either TH1 or TH2 predominance by cytokine treatment in vivo. The results suggest that the balance between TH1 and TH2 cells specific for the HBc/HBeAgs may be relevant in acute and chronic HBV infections. Importantly, HBeAg-specific TH2 cells preferentially evade tolerance induction as compared to their TH1-cell counterparts. Because HBeAg may act as a tolerogen during the vertical transmission of chronic HBV infection and preferentially depletes TH1 cells in the circulation, the predominance of HBeAg-specific TH2 cells may influence the initiation or maintenance of the chronic carrier state. In this case, cytokine therapy designed to shift a TH2-like response toward TH1 predominance (i.e. IL-12) may be beneficial in the treatment of chronic HBV infection.
journal_name
J Viral Hepatjournal_title
Journal of viral hepatitisauthors
Milich DRdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2893.1997.tb00180.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-01-01 00:00:00pages
48-59eissn
1352-0504issn
1365-2893journal_volume
4 Suppl 2pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The establishment of an in vitro system for hepatitis C virus (HCV) propagation is essential to characterize virus replication, virus persistence and viral pathogenicity. The aim was to establish HCV replication in HepG2 cells by gene transfer of infectious HCV cDNA. First, several gene transfer methods were evaluated...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.1997.tb00162.x
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
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更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::We assessed the efficacy of prolonged interferon-alpha (IFN) therapy in children with chronic hepatitis caused by hepatitis delta virus (HDV) by treating 26 paediatric cases with IFN-alpha 2b (5 MU m-2, then 3 MU m-2 three times weekly for 12 (medium-term group MTG) or 24 months (long-term group, LTG). Compliance and ...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.1996.tb00002.x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2020-12-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.13236
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
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abstract::Drug users with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are frequently co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), but it is still not clear whether HIV-1 worsens the natural history of hepatitis C. To investigate this, we conducted a multicentre observational study in 163 drug addicts with histological...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2893.2000.00230.x
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.12234
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2007.00864.x
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The short-term prognosis of patients with severe acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) leading to acute liver failure is extremely poor. We have reported the efficacy of corticosteroid in combination with nucleoside analogue in the early stages, but virological efficacy has not been documented. Our aim was t...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.12258
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2007.00876.x
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2893.2003.00470.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.13060
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2007.00890.x
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2008.01015.x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.12363
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2007.00966.x
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anaemia during peginterferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) therapy is common in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV)-coinfected patients despite the use of lower doses of RBV than are recommended for HIV-seronegative persons. In addition, concurrent zidovudine (ZDV) may exacerbate the anaemia cause...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01486.x
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.12643
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is characterized by an impaired immune response to hepatitis B virus. Among the nucleos(t)ides used in CHB treatment, telbivudine is associated with the highest rates of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion rates, which are similar to those observed with pegylated interferon (PegIFN)....
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/jvh.12059
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 30% of patients with chronic HCV infection have persistently normal ALT levels. Although formerly referred to as 'healthy' or 'asymptomatic' HCV carriers, and thus historically excluded from antiviral treatment, it has now become clear that the majority of these patients have some degree of histological ...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01485.x
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00