Abstract:
:The mitochondrial (mt) DNA control region (CR) of dogs and wolves contains an array of imperfect 10 bp tandem repeats. This region was studied for 14 domestic dogs representing the four major phylogenetic groups of nonrepetitive CR and for 5 wolves. Three repeat types were found among these individuals, distributed so that different sequences of the repeat types were formed in different molecules. This enabled a detailed study of the arrays and of the mutation events that they undergo. Extensive heteroplasmy was observed in all individuals; 85 different array types were found in one individual, and the total number of types was estimated at 384. Among unrelated individuals, no identical molecules were found, indicating a high rate of evolution of the region. By performing a pedigree analysis, array types which had been inherited from mother to offspring and array types which were the result of somatic mutations, respectively, could be identified, showing that about 20% of the molecules within an individual had somatic mutations. By direct pairwise comparison of the mutated and the original array types, the physiognomy of the inserted or deleted elements (indels) and the approximate positions of the mutations could be determined. All mutations could be explained by replication slippage or point mutations. The majority of the indels were 1-5 repeats long, but deletions of up to 17 repeats were found. Mutations were found in all parts of the arrays, but at a higher frequency in the 5' end. Furthermore, the inherited array types within the mother-offspring pair were aligned and compared so that germ line mutations could be studied. The pattern of the germ line mutations was approximately the same as that of the somatic mutations.
journal_name
Mol Biol Evoljournal_title
Molecular biology and evolutionauthors
Savolainen P,Arvestad L,Lundeberg Jdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026328subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-04-01 00:00:00pages
474-88issue
4eissn
0737-4038issn
1537-1719journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Sponges (Porifera) are among the simplest living and the earliest branching metazoans. They hold a pivotal role for studying genome evolution of the entire metazoan branch, both as an outgroup to Eumetazoa and as the closest branching phylum to the common ancestor of all multicellular animals (Urmetazoa). In order to ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msq174
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The MIKC MADS-box gene family has been shaped by extensive gene duplications giving rise to subfamilies of genes with distinct functions and expression patterns. However, within these subfamilies the functional assignment is not that clear-cut, and considerable functional redundancy exists. One way to investigate the ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msk016
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 20 protein-coding amino acids are found in proteomes with different relative abundances. The most abundant amino acid, leucine, is nearly an order of magnitude more prevalent than the least abundant amino acid, cysteine. Amino acid metabolic costs differ similarly, constraining their incorporation into proteins. O...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msu228
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum response factor (SRF) and myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) represent two types of members of the MCM1, AGAMOUS, DEFICIENS, and SRF (MADS)-box transcription factor family present in animals and fungi. Each type has distinct biological functions, which are reflected by the distinct specificities of the proteins bo...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msq214
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cDNA that encodes the heart-type lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-B) from the teleost fish Fundulus heteroclitus was cloned and sequenced. The protein encoded by the cDNA was analyzed in relation to 13 LDH proteins from a variety of taxa. One of the deductions from this analysis is that LDH-B proteins have residues in the...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040559
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genome and transcript sequences are composed of long strings of nucleotide monomers (A, C, G, and T/U) that require different quantities of nitrogen atoms for biosynthesis. Here, it is shown that the strength of selection acting on transcript nitrogen content is influenced by the amount of nitrogen plants require to c...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msy043
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Operons coding for the enzyme arsenite oxidase have been detected in the genomes from Archaea and Bacteria by Blast searches using the amino acid sequences of the respective enzyme characterized in two different beta-proteobacteria as templates. Sequence analyses show that in all these species, arsenite oxidase is tra...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msg071
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accelerated evolution of regulatory sequence can alter the expression pattern of target genes, and cause phenotypic changes. In this study, we used DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs) to annotate putative regulatory sequences in the human genome, and conducted a genome-wide analysis of the effects of accelerated evolu...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msw128
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Horizontal gene transfer threatens the therapeutic success of antibiotics by facilitating the rapid dissemination of resistance alleles among bacterial species. The conjugative mobile element Tn916 provides an excellent context for examining the role of adaptive parasexuality as it carries the tetracycline-resistance ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msv133
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We use variation at a set of eight human Y chromosome microsatellite loci to investigate the demographic history of the Y chromosome. Instead of assuming a population of constant size, as in most of the previous work on the Y chromosome, we consider a model which permits a period of recent population growth. We show t...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026091
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, a model allowing covarion-like evolution of DNA sequences is introduced. In contrast to standard representation of the distribution of evolutionary rates, this model allows the site-specific rate to vary between lineages. This is achieved by adding as few as two parameters to the widely used among-site rate vari...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003868
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Computational tools with a balanced sensitivity and specificity in identification of candidate cancer drivers are highly desired. In this study, we propose a new statistical test, namely the dJ/dS ratio test, to compute the relative mutation rate of exon/intron junction sites (dJ) to synonymous sites (dS); observation...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1093/molbev/msv083
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molar content of guanine plus cytosine (G + C) and optimal growth temperature (OGT) are main factors characterizing the frequency distribution of amino acids in prokaryotes. Previous work, using multivariate exploratory methods, has emphasized ascertainment of biological factors underlying variability between genomes,...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msj023
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that the effective population size (Ne) and the mutation rate (u) vary across the genome. Here, we show that ignoring this heterogeneity may lead to biased estimates of past demography. To solve the problem, we develop new methods for jointly inferring past changes in population size and detecting variatio...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msy212
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hybridization in plants may result in hybrid speciation or introgression and, thus, is now widely understood to be an important mechanism of species diversity on an evolutionary timescale. Hybridization is particularly common in ferns, as is polyploidy, which often results from hybrid crosses. Nevertheless, hybrid spe...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa097
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The capacity to biomineralize is closely linked to the rapid expansion of animal life during the early Cambrian, with many skeletonized phyla first appearing in the fossil record at this time. The appearance of disparate molluscan forms during this period leaves open the possibility that shells evolved independently a...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msp278
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spacer between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes of the chloroplast DNA has been implicated as an origin of replication in several species of plants. In the evening primrose, Oenothera, this site was found to vary greatly in size, with plastid genomes (plastomes) being readily distinguished. To determine whether plastome...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025645
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A parsimony analysis was performed on restriction sites at the Hba-ps4 pseudogene locus within one of four inversions associated with mouse t haplotypes. The results suggest that all t haplotypes form a monophyletic group and that the in (17)4 inversion originated before the radiation of the Mus musculus species compl...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040051
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Significance levels obtained from a chi 2 contingency test are suspect when sample sizes are small. Traditionally this has meant that data must be combined. However, such an approach may obscure heterogeneity and hence potentially reduce the power of the statistical test. In this paper, we present a Monte Carlo soluti...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040568
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Light-dependent and dark-operative protochlorophyllide oxidoreductases (LPORs and DPORs) are evolutionary and structurally distinct enzymes that are essential for the synthesis of (bacterio)chlorophyll, the primary pigment needed for both anoxygenic and oxygenic photosynthesis. In contrast to the long-held hypothesis ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa234
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The temporal change of phenotypes during the adaptive process remains largely unexplored, as do the genetic changes that affect these phenotypic changes. Here we focused on three mutations that rose to high frequency in the early stages of adaptation within 12 Escherichia coli populations subjected to thermal stress (...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msv228
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lineage-specific gene duplications contribute to a large variation in specialized metabolites among different plant species. There is also considerable variability in the specialized metabolites within a single plant species. However, it is unclear whether copy number variations (CNVs) derived from gene duplication ev...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msx234
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI and splice variant SR-BII) plays a central role in HDL cholesterol metabolism and represents a candidate gene for a number of related diseases. We examined the genetic diversity of its coding and flanking regions in a sample of 178 chromosomes from individuals of Euro...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msh074
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two recent studies have presented conflicting views on variation present within the 294 base third domain of the 12S rRNA gene in the genus Drosophila, and in D. pseudoobscura in particular. One study suggested that this gene is highly invariant across the genus, while another recovered 22 distinct haplotypes from 22 ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026374
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent study conducted the first genome-wide scan for selection in Inuit from Greenland using single nucleotide polymorphism chip data. Here, we report that selection in the region with the second most extreme signal of positive selection in Greenlandic Inuit favored a deeply divergent haplotype that is closely rela...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msw283
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adaptation of a complex trait often requires the accumulation of many modifications to finely tune its underpinning molecular components to novel environmental requirements. The investigation of cis-acting regulatory modifications can be used to pinpoint molecular systems partaking in such complex adaptations. Here, w...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msw096
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::At present there is tremendous interest in characterizing the magnitude and distribution of linkage disequilibrium (LD) throughout the human genome, which will provide the necessary foundation for genome-wide LD analyses and facilitate detailed evolutionary studies. To this end, a human high-density single-nucleotide ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msg032
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the importance of plant-plant interactions on plant community dynamics and crop yield, our understanding of the adaptive genetics underlying these interactions is still limited and deserves to be investigated in the context of complex and diffuse interactions occurring in plant assemblages. Here, based on 145 ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msz078
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleotide sequences of the 5'-flanking regions of the duplicated Amy genes in eight sibling species belonging to the melanogaster species subgroup are analyzed. In Drosophila melanogaster, a region of about 450 bp immediately upstream of the translation initiation site of the two paralogous genes (the proximal an...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025617
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is the heart of comparative sequence analysis. Recent studies demonstrate that MSA algorithms can produce different outcomes when analyzing genomes, including phylogenetic tree inference and the detection of adaptive evolution. These studies also suggest that the difference between MS...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/mss256
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00