Abstract:
:The development of bowel and bladder control by day and at night during the first six years of life in 320 Swiss children in the Zurich longitudinal study (1955--1976) is described in detail. A scoring system was used which included intermediate stages of control. With toilet-training started in 96 per cent of the children during the first year of life, bowel control was completed in 32 per cent at age one, in 75 per cent at age two and in 97 per cent at age three. Complete bladder control by day and at night were established in none of the children at age one, in 20 per cent at ages two and three and in 90 per cent at age four. Complete bowel control and complete bladder control by day and at night were found in 5 per cent at age two, in 11 per cent at age three, in 77 per cent at age four and in 91 per cent at age six. The significant relationships between bowel control, bladder control during the day and bladder control at night (p less than 0-001) demonstrate that the same developmental process acts in bowel and bladder control. Highly correlated to each other, first bowel control develops, then bladder control by day and finally bladder control at night. The relevance of these interrelations for toilet-training and for the management of enuretic and encopretic children is discussed.
journal_name
Dev Med Child Neuroljournal_title
Developmental medicine and child neurologyauthors
Largo RH,Stutzle Wdoi
10.1111/j.1469-8749.1977.tb07993.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-10-01 00:00:00pages
598-606issue
5eissn
0012-1622issn
1469-8749journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Three cases of 'vertical' hydrocephalus are described, characterised by absence of the bones of the skull vault, progressive vertical soft-tissue growth of the head, and normal occipito-frontal head circumference. The management of the condition by ventriculo-peritoneal shunt is discussed, and a theory proposed as to ...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1979.tb01657.x
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Our aim was to contribute new findings related to the pre-regressional verbal development of females with a variant of Rett syndrome (RTT) as the loss of spoken language is one of the key clinical features of RTT, and it would be of particular interest to study the early speech-language development of females who a...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04123.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:We evaluated the level of evidence of speech, language, and communication interventions for infants at high-risk for, or with a diagnosis of, cerebral palsy (CP) from 0 to 2 years old. METHOD:We performed a systematic review of relevant terms. Articles were evaluated based on the level of methodological quality an...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/dmcn.13342
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To explore cortical activation during bimanual tasks and functional correlates in unilateral cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD:This cross-sectional study included eight participants with unilateral CP (six females, two males; mean age [SD] 20y 10mo [5y 10mo], 13y 8mo-31y 6mo) in Manual Ability Classification System leve...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dmcn.14458
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS) is a rare disorder of metabolism caused by a defective gene on the X chromosome. It is typically characterized by choreoathetosis, hypertonia, hyperreflexia, and self-mutilation. The present study is a 4-year follow-up investigation of the cognitive status of six subjects with a mean age of ...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0012162299000547
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two groups of clinically normal newborns, differing in the number of non-optimal factors in their obstetric history, were compared by measuring heart-rate response to a series of auditory stimuli. There was a significant difference between the groups in the direction of the average heart-rate response. The high risk" ...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1976.tb03685.x
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To estimate the impact of different types of language disorders on socio-emotional development and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in 8-year-old children. METHOD:In a prospective cohort including 13 427 newborns, of 10 911 eligible children (66 excluded because of intellectual disability or foreign language...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03794.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::One-hundred-and-sixty-six children whose blood lead levels had previously been determined were assessed on a battery of psychometric tests. Blood lead levels ranged from 7 to 33 micrograms/100 ml, and the group performed within the average range on all tests of attainment and intelligence. There were significant assoc...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1981.tb02038.x
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to determine audiological function at 14 years of age of very-low-birthweight (VLBW < or = 1500 g) children compared with a cohort of normal birthweight (NBW > 2499 g) children. Participants were consecutive surviving preterm children of birthweight < 1000 g born between 1977 and 1982 (n=86) a...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differentiating a sudden-onset concomitant squint from a paralytic squint in an ill child can be difficult, but the distinction is important in view of the neurological implications of the latter. Furthermore, the two types may co-exist, and four such cases are described. The causes of sudden-onset squint are discusse...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1987.tb02137.x
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that there is a positive epidemiological correlation between the rates of premature delivery and intra-uterine growth retardation. This was tested across three series of live births, cross-classified according to gravidity and mother's age in two states, North Carolina (caucasians and blacks), an...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1982.tb13701.x
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate if communication ability and method were related to each other and to age, sex, gross motor function, or manual ability in children with cerebral palsy. METHOD:This cross-sectional study used data registered in the Swedish Cerebral Palsy Surveillance Program registry, involving 3000 children aged 0 ...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dmcn.14546
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the influence of equinus gait treatments on the vertical displacement of the body's centre of mass (COM) in 21 patients with cerebral palsy (14 males, 7 females; mean age 8 y 9 mo [SD 2 y]; range 3 y 7 mo-17 y) presenting different topographical types (quadriplegia, n = 1; diplegia, n = 6; right hemiplegia...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0012162206001757
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To conduct a longitudinal follow-up of the development of global cognitive abilities and adaptive skills in individuals with congenital and childhood forms of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). METHOD:Fifty-one participants (29 males, 22 females, mean age 19y 5mo, SD 4y 11mo, range 10y 10mo-28y 11mo) were divided in...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dmcn.14161
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effects of functional gait training on walking ability in children and young adults with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD:The review was conducted using standardized methodology, searching four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science) for rel...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/dmcn.13708
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Victimization by peers affects 10 to 20% of school children under the age of 12 years. Physical, verbal, and psychological victimization (being pushed, hit, called names, teased, being the target of rumours, theft, extortion) is associated with short- and long-term adjustment problems, such as peer rejection, social w...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0012162204000854
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) were recorded from 48 children with language disorders (aged four to nine years old, IQs normal to borderline, normal audiometric thresholds and attending special school) and 20 healthy children (four to eight years old, with normal IQs, audiometry and school-level). The la...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1994.tb11762.x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive pediatric disorder that affects both muscle and brain. Children with DMD have mean IQ scores that are about one standard deviation lower than population means, with lower Verbal IQ than Performance IQ scores. For the present study, verbal skills and verbal memory skil...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2007.00123.x
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 10-year-old male was referred with difficulties at school. He had particular difficulty with reading long words, following the sequence of text down a page, writing words in the correct order, writing words in line, and copying from the blackboard. He had a history of infective endocarditis complicated by intracereb...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0012162203000641
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Lack of muscle growth relative to bone growth may be responsible for development of contractures in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Here, we used ultrasonography to compare growth of the medial gastrocnemius muscle in children with and without CP. METHOD:Twenty-six children with spastic CP (15 males, 11 females...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dmcn.12950
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The aim of this study was to gain insights, from the perspectives of both parents and pediatric therapists, into the experiences of children learning to use a power mobility device. METHOD:The purposive sample included 33 participants: 14 parents of children who were learning, or had learned, to use a power mobili...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dmcn.13906
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports a total population-based cohort study of over 500 surviving children born in 1974, 1975 and 1976, who were identified as having been a low birthweight (less than 200g). The prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP) diagnosed by age six years was compared for groups who had various antenatal and perinatal at...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In four generations of a family with autosomal dominant hyperekplexia (startle disease), untreated affected adult members had pes cavus and extensor plantar responses, as well as hyper-reflexia. Electroencephalography during a startle, electromyography, nerve conduction velocities and somatosensory evoked potentials w...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1996.tb12144.x
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Our aim was to review available studies which test transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to reduce symptom severity in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHOD:We performed a systematic scoping review in PubMed and PsychINFO databases for studies employing tDCS in children and adolescents with...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dmcn.14104
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five children (three males, two females; four right-, one left-handed; age range 6 to 14 years) who developed aphasia after gross-total excision of left predominantly thalamic tumors are reported. Three patients had Broca aphasia, one had mixed transcortical aphasia, and one patient had conduction aphasia. In the mont...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0012162200001109
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three cases with sensory peripheral neuropathies are reported. Case 1 presented with scoliosis, and cases 2 and 3 presented with abnormal gait. None had trophic limb changes, evidence of weakness, or a tendency to self-mutilation and each had normal motor studies on neurophysiological testing. Sural nerve biopsies sho...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1990.tb16915.x
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the effects of oral stimulation with those of oral support on non-nutritive sucking and feeding parameters in preterm infants. Preterm infants (23 males, 20 females) born between 29 and less than 34 weeks' gestational age (GA; mean GA 31.2wks [standard error of mean{SEM} 0.39]; mean birth-weight 15...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2007.00439.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Difficult-to-treat epilepsies and attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occur. Because of concerns about the use of stimulants in children with this comorbidity, the impact of ADHD treatment on seizure frequency and severity is not known. This pilot study evaluated the safety and efficacy of meth...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dmcn.12121
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies were determined in 157 institutionalised Cantonese children, mean age 9.5 +/- 3.9 (SD) years, with profound neurodevelopmental disabilities. Eighty-seven (55.4%) were H. pylori seropositive compared with four of 50 (8%, P > 0.0002) of an age-matched control group, mean age 7.2 +/- 4...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07363.x
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paper reports the second of two studies designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Kinaesthetic Training Programme (Laszlo and Bairstow, 1985) for children with movement difficulties. Three groups of 12 children were matched on age, IQ and sex as well as degree of kinaesthetic and motor impairment. One group re...
journal_title:Developmental medicine and child neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1996.tb15059.x
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00