Abstract：
:1. The role of chloride concentration in modulating vasoconstrictor responses of the rat isolated kidney, perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution, to angiotensin II (AII), arginine vasopressin (AVP) and phenylephrine (PE) was investigated. 2. Reduction of perfusate chloride from a high (117 mM) to low (87 mM) concentration, by substitution of sodium chloride with a mixture of sodium salts of propionate, acetate and methanesulphonate, reduced responsiveness to all three vasoconstrictors, the change for AII being most pronounced. 3. For AII, reduced vasoactivity with low chloride was evident both in terms of the threshold dose and on the linear part of the dose-response curve but not for the maximum response. This attenuating effect of low chloride on the vasoconstrictor response to AII was reversed when perfusion with high chloride was reinstituted. Continuous perfusion with high chloride progressively increased the vasoconstrictor effect of low doses of AII for successive dose-response curves. 4. In addition to reducing responses on the linear part of the dose-response curve for both AVP and PE, low chloride also reduced the maximum vasoconstrictor response to PE, whereas the threshold dose for the two agonists was unchanged. In contrast to the enhanced pressor response to AII, during continuous perfusion with high chloride, tachyphylaxis occurred with AVP and PE. 5. The ability of chloride to modify renal responsiveness to vasoconstrictor agents may contribute to the increase in renal vascular resistance and decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) which occurs during infusion of hyperchloremic solutions into the renal artery and explain the need for chloride as the anion accompanying sodium in salt-sensitive hypertensive models.
journal_name
Br J Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of pharmacologyauthors
Quilley CP,Lin YS,McGiff JCdoi
10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13447.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
106-10issue
1eissn
0007-1188issn
1476-5381journal_volume
108pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Azithromycin has been reported to modify activation of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype. Here, we have sought to identify the mechanisms underlying this modulatory effect of azithromycin on human monocytes, classically activated in vitro. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:Human blood monocytes were prim...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01576.x
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Porcine neuromedin U-8 produced a concentration (0.3 nM-1 microM)-dependent contraction of the longitudinal muscle of the human isolated ileum, which was unaffected by either atropine (1 microM) or tetrodotoxin (1 microM). 2. By contrast, neuromedin U-8 had only a weak effect on the circular muscle of the human iso...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb14675.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. [35S]t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate (TBPS) is a high affinity ligand for the picrotoxin site of GABA(A) receptors. Here we examined TBPS binding to the cloned receptors made of alpha 1, alpha 3 or alpha 6 in combination with beta 2 or beta 2 and gamma 2 subunits, in the presence of GABA and several allosteric liga...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13185.x
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In non-allergic subjects, histamine induced a reduction of minimal nasal cross-sectional area (Amin) and an increase in albumin release into nasal lavage. The effect of histamine on albumin release was inhibited by pretreatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), 1 mumol but not by D-NAME, 1 mumol. L-NAME,...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb16653.x
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The putative 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor blocking drugs methysergide (10 mg/kg) and methergoline (5 mg/kg) were found to abolish some components of the hyperactivity syndrome, including head weaving and forepaw treading, which follow administration to rats of tranylcypromine (20 mg/kg) and L-tryptophan (100 ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1978.tb17290.x
更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The synthesis of several butyrophenone analogues of haloperidol is described. 2 The effects of these compounds on alpha-adrenoceptors were evaluated by examining their ability to reduce alpha 1-stimulated K+ release from rat parotid slices and to displace [3H]-phentolamine from human platelet membrane alpha 2-adreno...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1982.tb08775.x
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Capsaicin, the irritant principle of hot peppers, is a vanilloid agonist known to activate the transient receptor potential channel vanilloid subfamily member 1 (VR1), recently reported to be involved in neurodegeneration. The present study investigated the role of VR1 in a model of global cerebral ischemia in gerb...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0706115
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Initiation of 60 min ischaemia to rat isolated hearts produced a depression in developed tension and heart rate. Subsequent reperfusion caused a greatly exacerbated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) efflux and limited functional recovery. Sulphinpyrazone (100 ng ml-1 and 1 microgram ml-1) significantly reduced CPK release,...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1984.tb10138.x
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In Ca-free solution, the contractile response of guinea-pig taenia caecum to 10(-4) M carbachol was mediated through muscarinic receptors and was reduced time-dependently by desensitization with 10(-4) M carbachol, but not 10(-4) M histamine. On the other hand, the response to 10(-4) M histamine was shown to be med...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1988.tb11600.x
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lignocaine suppresses insulin-stimulated glucose transport into the cells and insulin-stimulated glycogenesis at doses equivalent to that used in the treatment of muscle pain disorder. We evaluated the direct effect of lignocaine on insulin receptor (IR) kinase activity. After lignocaine (40 mM, approximately equivale...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0704691
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the clinic, low efficacy positive GABAA modulators might be preferred to high efficacy positive modulators insofar as low efficacy modulators might have comparatively less abuse and dependence liability. Drug discrimination was used to examine the behavioral effects of L-838,417 and bretazenil, two low efficacy pos...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0706550
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were examined in the longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus (LM-MP) preparation of guinea-pig ileum. 5-HT increased the spontaneous release and inhibited the electrically-evoked release of [3H]-GABA. The 5-HT-evoked release was Ca...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1989.tb12601.x
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibiotics are an essential part of modern medicine. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant mutants among bacteria is seemingly inevitable, and results, within a few decades, in decreased efficacy and withdrawal of the antibiotic from widespread usage. The traditional answer to this problem has been to introduce new a...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0707432
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of the spasmogenic agents, carbachol (CCh), histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 9,11-epithio-11,12-methano-thromboxane A2 (STA2) were investigated on smooth muscle tissues of the dog trachea. 2. CCh (10 microM) produced a larger contraction than high K (128 mM), 10 microM histamine, 5-HT or STA2. ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb12049.x
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The potential influences of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins on the renal effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) have been investigated in the captopril-treated anaesthetized rat by examining the effect of indomethacin or the NO synthase inhibitor, N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), on the renal respo...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702003
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The effect of clonidine on the 3H-purine release evoked by KCl or (-)-adrenaline was assessed in the superfused helical strip of the rabbit pulmonary artery pretreated with [3H]-adenosine. 2 Clonidine (3 x 10(-5) M to 10(-4) M) significantly enhanced the 3H-purine efflux evoked by 50 mM KCl but not by 3 x 10(-6) M) ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1981.tb10482.x
更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular effects of a novel, potent and specific phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE 5) inhibitor, 1,3 dimethyl-6-(2-propoxy-5-methane sulphonylamidophenyl)-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-(5H)-one (DMPPO) in phenylephrine-precontracted rat aortic rings and different in vivo rat p...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15548.x
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tachykinin, neurokinin A (NKA), contracts guinea-pig airways both in vitro and in vivo, preferentially activating smooth muscle NK(2) receptors, although smooth muscle NK(1) receptors may also contribute. In vitro evidence suggests that NKA activates epithelial NK(1) receptors, inducing the release of nitric oxide...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0703135
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of pregnancy on mesenteric arterial function were examined in constantly perfused (5 ml min-1) mesenteric arterial beds isolated from 21-day pregnant rats. The function of sympathetic and sensory-motor perivascular nerves, endothelium and smooth muscle was examined. The role of nitric oxide and prostagl...
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doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15307.x
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), a constitutively acting multi-functional serine threonine kinase is involved in diverse physiological pathways ranging from metabolism, cell cycle, gene expression, development and oncogenesis to neuroprotection. These diverse multiple functions attributed to GSK3 can be explained by...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2008.00085.x
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Electrical stimulation of the mid-brain raphé in anaesthetized adrenalectomized rats produced a significant decrease in the forebrain content of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and an increase in the concentration of 5-hydroxyindol-3-ylacetic acid (5-HIAA).2. Stimulation of peripheral sensory nerves did not influence ei...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1970.tb09550.x
更新日期：1970-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Until recently, hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) was exclusively viewed a toxic gas and an environmental hazard, with its toxicity primarily attributed to the inhibition of mitochondrial Complex IV, resulting in a shutdown of mitochondrial electron transport and cellular ATP generation. Work over the last decade established mu...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bph.12369
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The tension developed in the guinea-pig cremaster was recorded during spontaneous activity and electrical stimulation. Spontaneous rhythmic contraction was observed in many preparations, particularly in the tip of the cremaster. These contractions were very slow, lasting about 20 s and occuring at about 2 min interv...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1975.tb07423.x
更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relaxin family peptides, although structurally closely related to insulin, act on a group of four G protein-coupled receptors now known as Relaxin Family Peptide (RXFP) Receptors. The leucine-rich repeat containing RXFP1 and RXFP2 and the small peptide-like RXFP3 and RXFP4 are the physiological targets for relaxin...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0707140
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Ca2+ buffering function of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in the resting state of arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was examined. Differences in the effects of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and thapsigargin, agents which inhibit the Ca(2+)-ATPase of SR, on tension and cellular Ca2+ level were assessed in ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0700857
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Hypercholesterolaemia often occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes, who therefore encounter administration of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Alteration of pancreatic beta-cell function leading to an impaired insulin secretory response to glucose plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Therefore...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702397
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monocytes and macrophages provide key targets for the action of novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics targeted at inhibition of PDE4 cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases. PDE4 enzymes provide the dominant cAMP phosphodiesterase activity in U937 human monocytic cells. Differentiation of U937 monocytic cells to a macrophage-...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0705770
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The uptake of (3)H-digitoxin, (3)H-ouabain and (3)H-dihydro-ouabain by isolated guinea-pig atria has been studied and compared with the inhibition of the sodium pump and with the inotropic effect.2. Analysis of the curve relating the uptake of digitoxin and ouabain at equilibrium to the bath concentration enabled a...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1972.tb08146.x
更新日期：1972-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Short-circuit current (SCC) technique was used to study the adrenoceptors involved in the electrogenic chloride secretion by cultured cauda epididymal epithelium of rats. Stimulation of the epithelium with noradrenaline (primarily beta 1-adrenoceptor selective agonist), salbutamol (beta 2-adrenoceptor selective ago...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1992.tb14477.x
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Salmeterol, a novel, long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist, has been compared with isoprenaline and salbutamol for activity in vitro on a range of beta-adrenoceptor containing preparations from laboratory animals and man, and in vivo for bronchodilator activity in the conscious guinea-pig. 2. Salmeterol, like isopr...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1991.tb12486.x
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
