Abstract:
:The blood-clotting protein fibrinogen is composed of three subunits, designated A alpha, B beta, and gamma, which are encoded by a family of related genes. As part of the acute-phase response, expression of the fibrinogen genes is coordinately regulated in the liver by glucocorticoids. To understand the factors underlying this hormonal response, we have examined control of transcription from fibrinogen gene fragments transfected into hepatocytes from the frog Xenopus laevis. This analysis is the first in any species to define transcriptional regulatory elements for the fibrinogen genes by transfection into primary liver cells, rather than liver-derived cell lines. A transfection vector was constructed containing the Xenopus B beta gene transcription start site and 1293 bp of the 5' flanking sequence linked to the firefly luciferase gene. When this construct was transfected into primary liver parenchymal cells, luciferase expression was induced approximately 14-fold by glucocorticoids, an increase similar to the transcriptional stimulation of the endogenous B beta subunit gene. DNA fragments with as little as 284 bases of upstream sequence retained full hormone responsiveness. This region contains a sequence resembling the canonical glucocorticoid response element (GRE) at bases -148 to -162. Deletions or specific point mutations eliminating this putative GRE led to complete loss of glucocorticoid inducibility. Physical association of the steroid hormone receptor with this functional GRE was demonstrated with a truncated form of the rat glucocorticoid receptor containing the DNA-binding domain. A second possible GRE at positions -526 to -540 was not hormone-responsive, in either the presence or the absence of the more proximal GRE. The regulatory region also has a sequence similar to the binding site for a liver-specific transcription factor, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF-1), at positions -120 to -132. Specific point mutations in the HNF-1-binding site, in a construct containing a wild-type GRE, reduced promoter activity by a factor of 10, while stimulation by glucocorticoids was retained. Binding studies confirmed specific interaction between this site and the transcription factor HNF-1 alpha from mouse. Thus, we have identified a GRE sufficient to account for full glucocorticoid inducibility and an HNF-1 site close to the promoter that are major determinants of transcriptional control of the Xenopus fibrinogen B beta subunit gene in cells from normal liver tissue.
journal_name
Biochemistryjournal_title
Biochemistryauthors
Roberts LR,Nichols LA,Holland LJdoi
10.1021/bi00094a020subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-11-02 00:00:00pages
11627-37issue
43eissn
0006-2960issn
1520-4995journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BIOCHEMISTRY文献大全abstract::Deposition of amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) into amyloid plaques is one of the invariant neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease. Proteins that codeposit with Abeta are potentially important for the pathogenesis, and a recently discovered plaque-associated protein is the collagenous Alzheimer amyloid plaque c...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi051263e
更新日期:2005-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) is a base excision repair enzyme with key functions in epigenetic regulation. Performing a critical step in a pathway for active DNA demethylation, TDG removes 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine, oxidized derivatives of 5-methylcytosine that are generated by TET (ten-eleven transloca...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00982
更新日期:2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The dynamics of the backbone and (some of) the side chains of lac headpiece (1-56; lac HP56) have been studied for the free protein and for its complex with lac half-operator DNA by 15N T1 and T1p relaxation measurements combined with [1H-15N] NOE experiments. For the structurally well-defined part of the free lac HP5...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi961670d
更新日期:1997-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::ROS-GC represents a membrane guanylate cyclase subfamily whose distinctive feature is that it transduces diverse intracellularly generated Ca(2+) signals into the production of the second messenger cyclic GMP. An intriguing feature of the first subfamily member, ROS-GC1, is that it is both stimulated and inhibited by ...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi990851n
更新日期:1999-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::To probe the motional and conformational properties of the choline head group of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphocholine (DPPsC), the Rp, Sp, and Rp + Sp isomers of [alpha-D2]DPPsC, [beta-D2]DPPsC, and [delta-D9]DPPsC in the subgel, gel, and liquid crystalline phases were investigated with deuterium NMR, and t...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00501a008
更新日期:1990-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Coordinate regulation of PARP-1 and -2 and PARG is required for cellular responses to genotoxic stress. While PARP-1 and -2 are regulated by DNA breaks and covalent modifications, mechanisms of PARG regulation are poorly understood. We report here discovery of a PARG regulatory segment far removed linearly from residu...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi100973m
更新日期:2010-09-07 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrogen-bonding and ionic interactions play fundamental roles in macromolecular recognition and function. In contrast to lysines and arginines, how histidines mediate these interactions is less well-understood due to the unique properties of its side chain imidazole that include an aromatic ring with two titratable n...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00756
更新日期:2018-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::A considerable body of data supports the model that the infectious agent (called a prion) which causes the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies is a replicating polypeptide devoid of nucleic acid. Prions are believed to propagate by changing the conformation of the normal cellular prion protein (PrPc) into an inf...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi982328z
更新日期:1999-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::The prion protein (PrP) is a cell-surface Cu2+ binding glycoprotein which can bind six copper ions. The role of Cu2+ in PrP function, misfolding, and prion disease has generated much interest; however, the field has been hampered by a lack of consensus with regard to the affinity of Cu2+ for PrPC. Here we build on our...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi9011397
更新日期:2009-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms of interaction of the recombinant N-terminal portion of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, rBPI21, with various planar asymmetric and symmetric bilayer membranes, including the lipid matrix of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, were investigated via electrical measurements. For the...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi970177e
更新日期:1997-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::A three-component soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) enzyme system catalyzes the hydroxylation of methane to methanol at a carboxylate-bridged diiron center housed in the alpha-subunit of the hydroxylase (MMOH). Catalysis is facilitated by the presence of a regulatory protein (MMOB) and inhibited by MMOD, a protein ...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi048140z
更新日期:2004-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::Prolyl oligopeptidase B from Galerina marginata (GmPOPB) has recently been discovered as a peptidase capable of breaking and forming peptide bonds to yield a cyclic peptide. Despite the relevance of prolyl oligopeptidases in human biology and disease, a kinetic analysis pinpointing rate-limiting steps for a member of ...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00012
更新日期:2017-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::The fusion of different protein domains via peptide linkers is a powerful, modular approach to obtain proteins with new functions. A detailed understanding of the conformational behavior of peptide linkers is important for applications such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based sensor proteins and mul...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi061288t
更新日期:2006-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Plasminogen is known to undergo an extremely large conformational change when it binds ligands; the two well-established conformations are either closed (absence of external ligand) or open (presence of external ligand). We show here that plasminogen is more complicated than can be accommodated by a two-state, closed/...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi050895y
更新日期:2005-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the molecular mechanisms and the binding site location for the fluorophor crystal violet (CrV), a noncompetitive antagonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR). To this end, radiolabeled competition binding, fluorescence spectroscopy, Schild-type analysis, patch-clamp recordings, and molecul...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi051752e
更新日期:2006-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction of alamethicin with artificial lecithin multilamellar dispersions was investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Raman spectroscopies. 31P NMR studies revealed perturbation of the lipid head groups in the presence of the icosapeptide. Simulation of the 31P NMR spectra indicated that the obser...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00347a019
更新日期:1985-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::One-dimensional 1H NMR was employed to study the effects of Ca2+ and Lu3+ binding on the apo and calcium-saturated forms of dog bone Gla protein (BGP, osteocalcin). Titration of apo dog BGP with Ca2+ in 20 mM NaCl showed spectral perturbations consistent with the binding of 5 mol equiv of calcium in the NMR slow-excha...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00093a012
更新日期:1993-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::In refolding of iso-2 cytochrome c from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, there are two slow folding reactions, tau 1a and tau 1b. The slower of the slow reactions, tau 1a = 100-200 s, is observed only by absorbance changes, while tau 1b (10-20-fold faster) is detected by fluorescence changes. The temperature dependence of th...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00348a024
更新日期:1985-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::The unfolding and dissociation of the tetrameric enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from pig kidney by guanidine hydrochloride have been investigated at equilibrium by monitoring enzyme activity, ANS binding, intrinsic (tyrosine) protein fluorescence, exposure of thiol groups, fluorescence of extrinsic probes (AEDANS,...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi034203m
更新日期:2003-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Site-directed mutants of human carbonic anhydrase III were used to examine the role of Thr-199 and its interaction with Phe-198 in the catalyzed hydration of CO2. Threonine-199 is a hydrogen bond acceptor for the zinc-bound water, and Phe-198 forms part of the hydrophobic side of the active-site cavity of carbonic anh...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00082a004
更新日期:1993-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Multielectron multiproton reactions play an important role in both biological systems and chemical reactions involved in energy storage and manipulation. A key strategy employed by nature in achieving such complex chemistry is the use of proton-coupled redox steps. Cytochrome c nitrite reductase (ccNiR) catalyzes the ...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi500854p
更新日期:2014-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the expression of only one type of receptor, there is great variation in the ability of different cell types to discriminate between C5a and its more stable metabolite, C5a des Arg74. The mechanism that underlies this phenomenon is not understood but presumably involves differences in the interaction with the ...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi990139q
更新日期:1999-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Regions of the negative strands of the satellite RNAs of chicory yellow mottle virus (sCYMV1) and arabis mosaic virus (sArMV) have similarity in sequence and predicted secondary structure compared to the tobacco ringspot virus satellite RNA (sTRSV) hairpin ribozyme, suggesting that they may also be catalytic RNAs of a...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00048a024
更新日期:1995-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::The high resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the synthetic DNA block polymer d(C15A15)-d(T15G15) were studied in order to more completely understand telestability in DNA, and to provide fundamental NMR data on DNA helices and random coils. Spectra were measured in the spectral region from 0 t...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00622a031
更新日期:1977-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of the homogeneous cutinase I, cutinase II, and the nonspecific esterase isolated from the extracellular fluid of cutin-grown Fusarium solani F. pisi (R.E. Purdy and P.E. Kolattukudy (1975), Biochemistry, preceding paper in this issue) were investigated. Using tritiated apple cutin as substrate, the two...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00684a007
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::By limited proteolysis of a type kappa immunoglobulin light chain (Oku) with clostripain, both the VL and CL fragments were obtained with a high yield. The unfolding and refolding by guanidine hydrochloride of light chain Oku and its VL and CL fragments were studied at pH 7.5 and 25 degrees C with circular dichroism a...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00393a015
更新日期:1987-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::Furamidine and related diamidines represent a promising series of drugs active against widespread parasites, in particular the Pneumocystic carinii pathogen. In this series, the phenylfuranbenzimidazole diamidine derivative DB293 was recently identified as the first unfused aromatic dication capable of forming stacked...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi0108453
更新日期:2001-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::The unfolding and refolding of alpha-helical proteins has been extensively studied, demonstrating formation of intermediate structures which retain the native-like alpha-helix but lack the tertiary structure. Studies on the folding of proteins consisting primarily of beta-sheet are interesting since, unlike the alpha-...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi952766v
更新日期:1996-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined in detail the kinetics of binding of the serpin alpha 2-antiplasmin to the serine proteases alpha-chymotrypsin and plasmin. These represent model systems for serpin binding. We find, in contrast to earlier published results with alpha 2-antiplasmin and plasmin, that binding is reversible, and slow bin...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00218a014
更新日期:1991-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::In cerebellum, inositol trisphosphate- (InsP(3)-) gated Ca channels play a key role in learning, though they exhibit a low sensitivity to InsP(3) compared to peripheral tissues. In the present study, the cerebellar InsP(3) receptor is shown to be associated with a novel inhibitor of InsP(3) binding. (3)H-InsP(3) bindi...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi992175v
更新日期:2000-03-28 00:00:00