Origin of the vertebrate visual cycle: II. Visual cycle proteins are localized in whole brain including photoreceptor cells of a primitive chordate.

abstract：:We investigated the manner in which the outputs of the three postreceptoral mechanisms (red-green, blue-yellow and luminance) combine to determine contrast threshold. We used a subthreshold summation paradigm to test whether the combination of the postreceptoral mechanism outputs could be described by a probability su...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Mullen KT,Sankeralli MJ

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:(-)[3H]Noradrenaline and [3H]clonidine bind in a saturable fashion to membrane preparations of bovine retinas. The dissociation constant for (-)[3H]noradrenaline is about 26 nM and for [3H]clonidine approximately 11.7 nM. The degree of (-)[3H]noradrenaline and [3H]clonidine binding associated with subcellular fraction...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Osborne NN

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In most visual search experiments in the laboratory, objects are presented on an isolated, blank background. In most real world search tasks, however, the background is continuous and can be complex. In six experiments, we examine the ability of the visual system to separate search items from a background. The results...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Wolfe JM,Oliva A,Horowitz TS,Butcher SJ,Bompas A

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms responsible for generating illusory contours are thought to fulfil an adaptive role in providing estimates of missing contour fragments generated by partial camouflage. One striking apparent counter-example to this view was described in Current Biology 21 (2011) 492-496, which showed that illusory conto...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Anderson BL,Tan K,Marlow PJ

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To gain new insight into the effects of monocular deprivation, we studied the visual cortex of adult cats deprived of vision in one eye. Local field potentials were recorded in response to contrast reversal of square-wave gratings modulated in time either by pseudorandom, m-sequences or periodically. We have found tha...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kasamatsu T,Kitano M,Sutter EE,Norcia AM

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following optic nerve crush in the adult lizard Ctenophorus ornatus, most retinal ganglion cells regrow their axons into visual brain centres: however, the regenerated projections lack retinotopic order and the animals are blind via the experimental eye. Here we have used 3H-thymidine autoradiography to demonstrate th...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Beazley LD,Tennant M,Stewart TM,Anstee SD

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The wave-front aberration of the human eye was measured for eight subjects using a spatially resolved refractometer (a psychophysical ray-tracing test). The eyes were undilated and presented with accommodative stimuli varying from 0 to -6 diopters. Monochromatic wave-front aberrations tend to increase with increasing ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： He JC,Burns SA,Marcos S

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The perceived contrast of a central stimulus can be decreased (surround suppression) or increased (surround facilitation) by the presence of surround stimuli. In this report we examined center-surround interactions in foveal and peripheral vision using contrast-matching tasks. We found that: (1) surround suppression b...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Xing J,Heeger DJ

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolonged inspection of moving stimuli causes stationary stimuli to appear moving in the opposite direction to the adapting stimulus (the Waterfall effect). It has been claimed that distracting the viewer's attention from the adapting stimulus by a secondary task reduces the strength of adaptation. However, the method...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Morgan MJ

更新日期：2012-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A modified version of the 'path finder' display consisting of many small oriented Gabor patches was used to study the joint contributions of spatial and temporal structures to shape perception. A two-interval forced-choice procedure measured detectability of curved 'paths' defined by orientation ('good continuation') ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Lee SH,Blake R

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perception of motion in depth is one of the most important visual functions for living in the three-dimensional world. Two binocular cues have been investigated for motion in depth: inter-ocular velocity difference (IOVD) and changing disparity (CD). IOVD provides direction information directly by comparing velocity s...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Wu W,Hatori Y,Tseng CH,Matsumiya K,Kuriki I,Shioiri S

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Foley [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11 (1994) 1710] has proposed an influential psychophysical model of masking in which mask components in a contrast gain pool are raised to an exponent before summation and divisive inhibition. We tested this summation rule in experiments in which contrast detection thresholds were measured fo...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Meese TS,Holmes DJ

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The grasshopper Phlaeoba sp. has ocular filters that are arranged in discrete retinal bands. These filters modify the spectra of some of its photoreceptors, all of which are apparently filled with the same resident photopigment. The receptor response differences produced by the ocular filters provide a potential basis...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Wasserman GS,Kong KL

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we use a dynamic noise-masking paradigm to explore the nature of the mechanisms mediating the motion perception of drifting isoluminant red-green gratings. We compare contrast thresholds for the detection and direction discrimination of drifting gratings (1.5 cpd), over a range of temporal frequencies (0...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Mullen KT,Yoshizawa T,Baker CL Jr

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A panel of anti-bovine rhodopsin monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) of defined site-specificity has been prepared and used for functional and topographic studies of rhodopsins. In order to select these antibodies, hybridoma supernatants that contained anti-rhodopsin antibodies have been screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbe...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Adamus G,Zam ZS,Arendt A,Palczewski K,McDowell JH,Hargrave PA

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophysiological recording demonstrated that visuo-tectal projections are topographically organised after optic nerve regeneration in aged Xenopus laevis. 3H-thymidine autoradiography confirmed previous reports [Taylor, Lack, & Easter, Eur. Journal of Neuroscience 1 (1989) 626-638] that cell division had already c...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Beaver RS,Dunlop SA,Harman AM,Stirling RV,Easter SS,Roberts JD,Beazley LD

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have presented evidence for the existence of channels tuned to the spatial frequency (SF) of binocular disparity modulation. Bandwidths reported for masking curves were extremely narrow, possibly because of off-frequency viewing, whereby observers can best detect a signal with a channel tuned to an SF...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Cobo-Lewis AB,Yeh YY

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two eyes are better than one at detecting a pattern, an advantage termed binocular summation. It is widely believed that binocular summation is mediated by neurons that sum the two eyes' inputs. Here we suggest an alternative model based on a model of binocular interactions proposed by Cohn, Leong & Lasley (Vision Res...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kingdom FAA,Woessner P

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two moving random-pixel arrays (RPAs) were presented simultaneously in the same target field. These RPAs are perceived as two superimposed transparent moving sheets. Although two directions are perceived simultaneously during stimulus presentation, the movement aftereffect (MAE) is unidirectional. The visual system av...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Verstraten FA,Fredericksen RE,van de Grind WA

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the blind spot encodes no visual information, one never perceives an odd blob or blank there, but sees a complete scene of the world even when viewing monocularly. This phenomenon called "filling-in" might be related to mechanisms essential to surface perception, but the neural representation has still been u...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Murakami I

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Distant visual acuity was determined for several viewing angles in two restrained White Carneaux pigeons. The behavioral technique was a classical conditioning procedure that paired presentation of sinusoidal gratings with shock. A conditioned heart rate acceleration during the grating presentation indicated resolutio...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Uhlrich DJ,Blough PM,Blough DS

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the effects of depolarization in the living human eye by using a spatially resolved Mueller-matrix polarimeter [Opt. Lett. 24 (1999) 64]. Results show that the degree of polarization for the central part of double-pass images is about 0.85 and 0.70 for 2 mm and 5 mm of pupil, respectively. This paramet...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Bueno JM

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Marine mammals have lost the ability to express S-cone opsin, and possess only one type of M/L-cone in addition to numerous rods. As they are cone monochromats they should be color blind. However, early behavioral experiments with fur seals and sea lions indicated discrimination ability between many shades of grey and...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Oppermann D,Schramme J,Neumeyer C

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined the ability of observers to parse bimodal local-motion distributions into two global motion surfaces, either overlapping (yielding transparent motion) or spatially segregated (yielding a motion boundary). The stimuli were random dot kinematograms in which the direction of motion of each dot was drawn ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Smith AT,Curran W,Braddick OJ

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have tested whether defocus imposed on local retinal areas can produce local changes in eye growth, even if accommodation is available to clear part of the imposed defocus. Hemi-field lenses were attached to little leather hoods that were worn by young chickens from day 11-15 post-hatching. The lens segments defocu...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Diether S,Schaeffel F

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tse (2005) recently introduced a new class of illusory brightness changes where shifts of attention lead to shifts in perceived brightness across overlapping, transparent figures, under conditions of visual fixation. In the absence of endogenous attentional shifts, illusory brightness changes appear to shift from figu...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Tse PU,Caplovitz GP,Hsieh PJ

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Age related changes in the dynamics of accommodation (far to near focus) and disaccommodation (near to far focus) are reported in this study. Dynamic responses to step stimulus demands from 1D to 6D, in 1D steps, were recorded with a PowerRefractor in 66 subjects in the age range 14-45 years. The accommodative and dis...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kasthurirangan S,Glasser A

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Normal subjects were first light adapted to a standard photopic background and a control photopic ERG was obtained. The subjects were then light adapted to a brighter background for 5 min at the end of which the luminance was returned to the control background and ERGs were taken at regular intervals. Most of the ERG/...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Rousseau S,Lachapelle P

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the effects of prism-induced disparity on static and intrasaccadic alignment in six normal human subjects. A ten diopter base-out prism, calling for convergence, was placed in front of the central field of the right eye, so that at the center the eye viewed through the prism; at left and right, outside the ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Averbuch-Heller L,Lewis RF,Zee DS

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence suggests a double dissociation of size and spacing limit on letter recognition-it is limited by size in the fovea and critical spacing in the normal periphery. Here, we evaluated whether size or spacing limits letter recognition in people with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) who must use their p...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Chung ST

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00