Abstract:
:A method of drawing outlines of the distal end of the humerus is presented and carried out on some pongids (Pan troglodytes, Pan paniscus, Pongo pygmaeus), on modern man, and on some casts of Plio-Pleistocene hominids. It appears that these outlines are good indicators of the overall morphology and permit the distinguishing of the different hominoids. For example, the morphology of the pillars surrounding the fossa olecrani is useful for this purpose. In modern man, the lateral pillar is quadrangular, contrasting with the triangular medial one. In pongids, both of them are triangular; however, it is possible to note differences between Pongo and Pan. In the South Asian ape, there is a stronger anteroposterior flattening of the pillars as well as the diaphysis. The similarity of the shape of the pillars might be considered as a result of an adaptation to suspension. The differences might be due to different weights of the animals. Plio-Pleistocene hominids are variable with regard to the morphology of this region. For example, Gombore IB 7594 is similar to Homo. KNMER 739 exhibits features intermediate between hominids and pongids. Finally, AL 288.1M is closer to pongids. These results confirm a previous anatomical work.
journal_name
Am J Phys Anthropoljournal_title
American journal of physical anthropologyauthors
Senut Bdoi
10.1002/ajpa.1330560307subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-11-01 00:00:00pages
275-83issue
3eissn
0002-9483issn
1096-8644journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Human physique classification by somatotype assumes that adult humans are geometric similar to each other. However, this assumption has yet to be adequately tested in athletic and nonexercising human populations. In this study, we assessed this assumption by comparing the mass exponents associated with girth measureme...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10351
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studying the current distribution of genetic diversity in humans has important implications for our understanding of the history of our species. We analyzed a set of linked STR and SNP loci from the paternally inherited Y chromosome to infer the past demography of 55 African and Eurasian populations, using both the pa...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22707
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leprosy was a well-recognized and dreaded disease in medieval Europe (5th-15th century AD). It is reported to have reached Germany with the Roman invasion. A much larger fraction than previously assumed appears to have been affected by leprosy in the medieval period. This article estimates the frequency (i.e., the pre...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20744
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between ethnicity and biology is of interest to anthropologists, biomedical scientists, and historians in understanding how human groups are constructed. Ethnic self-identification in recently admixed groups such as Hispanics, African Americans, and Native Americans (NA) is likely to be complex due to...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20945
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mean cranial capacities of 50 male and 50 female Zulu crania were found to be 1373.3 +/- 107.4 ml for males and 1251.2 +/- 101.1 ml for females (means +/- SD). The male value resembles that of other Negro groups, while the female value is somewhat higher than the value for Negro crania as a whole. The index of sex...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330710304
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Socioeconomic variation in estimated growth velocities (annual growth increments) of several anthropometric dimensions was considered in schoolchildren from a rural, subsistence agricultural community in the Valley of Oaxaca in southern Mexico. The children (114 males, 99 females), 6-13 years of age, were measured twi...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330760404
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Femoral head size provides important information on body size in extinct species. Although it is well-known that femoral head size is correlated with acetabular size, the precision with which femoral head size can be estimated from acetabular size has not been quantified. The availability of accurate 3D surface models...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22591
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of geometric morphometric methods have recently been used to describe dental shape variation in human evolutionary studies. However, the applicability of these methods is limited when teeth are worn or are difficult to orient accurately. Here we show that elliptical best fits on outlines of dental tissues be...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22866
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::New fossil hominid specimens from the Laetolili fossil locality in Tanzania are described. The material includes mandibles and teeth derived from reliably-dated deposits of Pliocene age. Preliminary descriptions, measurements and illustrations are presented. ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330460203
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The new optical device Lipometer allows noninvasive, quick, and safe determination of the thickness of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) layers (in mm) at any site of the human body. The specification of 15 evenly distributed body sites enables the precise measurement of subcutaneous body fat distribution, so-called s...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1056
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent discovery of unexpectedly ancient human remains has fuelled interest about the first dispersion of Homo outside Africa. The Dmanisi mandible is perhaps one of the most interesting findings, as it supposedly represents one of the oldest hominids outside of Africa. Recently, different interpretations have bee...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199810)107:2<145::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently spatial autocorrelation has been employed to infer microevolutionary processes from patterns of genetic variation. In theory, different processes should show characteristic signature correlograms; e.g., clinal selection should produce correlograms decreasing from positive to negative autocorrelation, whereas ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330950403
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study is to present the characteristics of a collection of identified infants and young children housed in the Laboratory of Anthropology of the University of Granada, Spain. The sample, which is still being enlarged, is currently composed of 230 complete skeletons aged from 5 months of gestation...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22165
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:A marked asymmetry was previously reported in the sacral alae and S1-L5 facets orientation of the Neandertal individual Regourdou 1. Here, we provide a detailed description and quantification of the morphology and degree of asymmetry of this sacrum. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Regourdou 1 was compared to a modern ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23968
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Warao Indian village of Jobure has two modes for height within its adult male population. One mode is at 158 cm and the second occurs at 169 cm. Mean height for adult males and females for this village is significantly higher (alpha less than or equal to 0.05) than for the other Warao villages studied. Examination...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330530311
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The basicranium has been argued to contain a strong phylogenetic signal in previous analyses of primate cranial morphology. Therefore, further study of basicranial morphology may offer new insights into controversial phylogenetic relationships within primate groups. In this study, I apply 3-D geometric morphometric te...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21370
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:In recent years, several studies have shown that populations from cold, high-latitude regions tend to have relatively shorter limbs than populations from tropical regions, with most of the difference due to the relative length of the zeugopods (i.e., radius, ulna, tibia, fibula). This pattern has been explai...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22774
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Food sharing among nonkin-one of the most fascinating cooperative behaviors in humans-is not widespread in nonhuman primates. Over the past few years, a large body of work has investigated the contexts in which primates cooperate and share food with unrelated individuals. This work has successfully demonstrated that s...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22043
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evolutionary trends for dental reduction are presented for European Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic samples. The analysis demonstrates that the greatest decrease in tooth size occurs between the two divisions of the Upper Paleolithic, while little and insignificant change characterizes the Late Upper Paleolithic/Meso...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330460114
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although degenerative joint disease is an old and exceedingly common problem, clinical investigators have not reached a consensus regarding the etiology of this disease. Comparative osteological analysis of the knee, hip, shoulder, and elbow joints of 789 individuals from four human skeletal populations (Black and Whi...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330460214
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multivariate analyses, supplemented by univariate statistical methods, of measurements from mandibular tooth crown dimensions and the mandible of Gigantopithecus blacki, G. bilaspurensis, Plio-Plelstocene hominids, Homo erectus, and seven Neogene ape species from the genera Proconsul, Sivapithecus, Ouranopithecus, and...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330530410
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies on human energetics have been conducted in developed and developing countries, but very few simultaneously measured time use and energy expenditure. Only a few quantitatively compared subsistence patterns between rural and urban dwellers of an identical population. Here we present the daily physical ac...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1096-8644(200103)114:3<258::AID-AJPA1024>3
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it is commonly stated that the ischia of the late Pliocence-early Pleistocene hominid fossils are long and ape-like, new interpretations show this view to be falacious. An important new theory proposed by Robinson concludes that the gracile form of early hominid was an efficient biped, but the robust form was...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330430107
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sibling correlations for size attained in height, weight, sitting height, estimated leg length, the triceps skinfold, arm circumference, and estimated midarm muscle circumference were compared in 6- through 13-year-old schoolchildren grouped by household socioeconomic status. The children were residents of a Zapotec-s...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330710110
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A host of ecological, anatomical, and physiological selective pressures are hypothesized to have played a role in the evolution of hominid bipedalism. A referential model, based on the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and bonobo (Pan paniscus), was used to test through experimental manipulation four hypotheses on the evol...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10058
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Spearman-Brown Prophesy formula, derived from psychometrics, may be used in anthropometric studies to describe the relationship between the intraclass reliability coefficient for a single measurement and the reliability resulting from the mean of replicate measurements. This theory may be applied to determine expe...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330790108
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Vertical clinging and climbing have been integral to hypotheses about primate origins, yet little is known about how an animal with nails instead of claws resists gravity while on large, vertical, and cylindrical substrates. Here we test models of how force is applied to maintain posture, predicting (1) the ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22803
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five polymorphisms involving two paternally inherited loci were surveyed in 38 world populations (n = 1,631) to investigate the origins of Native Americans. One of the six Y chromosome combination haplotypes (1T) was found at relatively high frequencies (17.8-75.0%) in nine Native American populations (n = 206) repres...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199703)102:3<301::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:First ribs bear information about thorax morphology and are usually well preserved, compared to other ribs, in bone/fossil samples. Several studies have addressed ontogeny of the first rib by studying changes in bone microanatomy and rib morphology separately, but no studies have combined both approaches to ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23313
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neo-darwinian and population genetics theory assumes that the necessary and sufficient set of conditions for all genetic, therefore evolutionary, change has been identified. Punctuationalists have assumed the opposite and cite the fossil record as evidence for change too rapid to be explained in neo-darwinian theory. ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330730110
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00