Abstract:
:Body mass--strictly speaking: the adipose tissue mass--is regulated in a feed-back system by the hypothalamus and brainstem, where adiposity signals (leptin, insulin, amylin) and intestinal peptides (ghrelin, PYY, PP, GLP-1, OXM, CCK) and the vagal nerve provide afferent information to the central controller on the size of white adipose tissue and the actual nutritional state, respectively. Two distinct groups of neurons in the arcuate nucleus accept and process the afferent information provided by leptin produced by white adipocytes in proportion to their mass. Leptin binding to the leptin-receptors on the surface of these neurons initiates intracellular signal transduction and activation of target genes, resulting in the synthesis and release of neuropeptides (POMC, CART) with anorectic effects. Secondary centers in the brain are also activated, and finally integrated effector mechanisms are generated in order to regulate the balance between energy intake and expenditure. The regulation of body weight is carried out by the central nervous system in a complex and redundant way, characterized by interconnections and overlaps with other neuroendocrine functions, such as growth, thyroid and adrenal function, memory, addictive and reward mechanisms. Targeting one or another component of this complicated system with drugs might result in interference with other systems and functions, so the occurrence of adverse events is probable. The worldwide epidemic of obesity--resulting mostly from the abundance of energy-dense foods and sedentary lifestyle coupled with a regulatory system unable to cope with this environment--has resulted in a continuous increase of research activities in both academic and industrial centers to develop new drugs and treatment strategies beyond lifestyle changes (diet, physical activity and behavioral therapy) to fight obesity more effectively.
journal_name
Orv Hetiljournal_title
Orvosi hetilapauthors
Juhász A,Katona E,Csongrádi E,Paragh Gdoi
10.1556/OH.2007.28085subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-09-30 00:00:00pages
1827-36issue
39eissn
0030-6002issn
1788-6120pii
E0668070155M7715journal_volume
148pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
ORVOSI HETILAP文献大全abstract::The Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance System of Congenital Anomalies, 1980-1987 contains 10,937 index patients affected by congenital anomalies and 10,937 matched control cases. Their comparative analysis indicated a significantly higher rate of some congenital anomaly types in the offspring of women worked in agric...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-05-27 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a 15 years old child with Friedreich ataxia was treated with idebenone on the basis of a preliminary study reported in the literature. After 3 months of treatment the muscle thickness and mass and idices of diastolic function on echocardiogram and ischaemic signs on ECG ...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::The simultaneous recording of urodynamic parameters and x-ray imaging of the lower urinary tract is the ideal technique for a complex investigation of the lower urinary tract morphology and function. The urodynamic and micturating cystourethrography findings were reviewed in 57 children. The causes of the examinations...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::The authors present the most typical forms of the prostatic cancer imaged by transrectal ultrasound. They compared the results of investigations of two tumor markers [prostatic specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP),] the transrectal ultrasound and the rectal palpation. The sensibility of PSA, the ul...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-02-18 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Studies on well-being of students in higher education are in the centre of international research interest, because adult health as a value plays an important role in the life of future generation. AIM:The authors studied variables that affect the value of well-being (satisfaction with life, student succe...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1556/650.2016.30572
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A computer-based data processing was made at 6762 motor handicapped children. The data were obtained by questionnaires about the health status, educational, social level and rehabilitation of these children. The authors could state the use of therapeutical equipment, the further need for rehabilitation--specialists an...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Low HDL cholesterol level is an independent risk factor in the cardivascular diseases and the therapeutic aim is to increase this. In high risk patients (cardiovascular disease-, diabetic- or metabolic syndrome patients), the target value of HDL cholesterol is more than 1,0 mmol/l in males and 1,3 mmol/l in females. T...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2006-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity is an increasing problem all over the world as the lifestyle changes and fast food chains gain popularity. In India, 31% of men and 29% of women are overweight, which is a growing trend over the last 11 years. Obesity increases the risk of many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, reflux disease, gastroin...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1556/650.2016.30534
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to the Semmelweis Plan for Saving Health Care, "the capacity of the national network of intensive care units in Hungary is one but not the only bottleneck of emergency care at present". Author shows on the basis of data reported to the health insurance that not on a single calendar day more than 75% of beds ...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1556/OH.2011.29137
更新日期:2011-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::The authors report first time in the Hungarian literature on multifetal pregnancy reduction: a quadruplet pregnancy was reduced to twins on transabdominal way in the 16th week of gestation on request of the parents. The quadruplets resulted from a forcefully induced ovulation. First weeks of gestation were complicated...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Trisomy 13 was diagnosed with genetic amniocentesis in a fetus of a 50 years old patient. Fetopathologic examination has shown cyclopy, proboscis and semilobar holoprosencephaly of the fetus, which is consistent with Patau syndrome. DNA was extracted from frozen liver tissue. Result of comparative genomic hybridizatio...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2001-05-13 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIM:In my study, analysing the data available from the change of the regime to the present day, from among the social services, I examine the changes of the financial support relating to children and its parts which are currently financed from the budget of the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1556/650.2019.31395
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The author interprets disability on the basis of the "International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)". In this review the applied method is a purpose oriented, restricted survey of continuously increasing articles published during the last two decades. Definition and interpretation of seconda...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1556/OH.2012.29504
更新日期:2012-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the review is to evaluate the putative clinical interactions between alcohol metabolism and the administration of H2-receptor antagonists. Places of the first-pass metabolism of ethanol in the body have been investigated as well. According to the in vitro experimental results the H2-receptor antagonists can...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-06-16 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The prevalence of invasive pneumococcal disease, which is depending on risk factors and comorbidities, is increasing over the age of 50 years. Most developed countries have recommendations but vaccination rates remain low. AIM:To assess the general practitioners' daily practice in relation to pneumococcal...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1556/OH.2015.30054
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The health status and social circumstances of medical professionals have been studied worldwide. However, there are only a few published studies pertaining to these topics in the countries of the former Eastern block. The present paper aimed at charting the state of health, the medical career path and some s...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1556/OH.2009.28566
更新日期:2009-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::Gastroesophageal reflux disease affects more than 10% of the adult population. Most patients can be effectively treated with lifestyle changes and adequate acid-reducing therapy. However, about 10% of the patients remain symptomatic despite treatment and severe complications may develop. Interestingly, some of these c...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1556/650.2017.30759
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In single-payer health care financing systems data extracted from hospital report forms submitted for reimbursement purposes may be used for epidemiological investigations. AIM:Based on data submitted by 14 neurological wards in Central Hungary the authors examined the reliability of these reports. METHO...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1556/650.2015.30258
更新日期:2015-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::The results of a pilot study of head and neck lymphoscintigraphy are presented. The study was performed in 35 cases with technetium-99m-labelled microcolloid. The scintigraphic observations of the intact and tumorous neck are presented. The results of this pilot study suggest that this method might create the base of ...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a multisystem inflammation, generated by the uncontrolled and excessive activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Severe immunodeficiency and generalized macrophage activation can often be detected in the background of this life threatening disorder. It is cl...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1556/OH.2014.29790
更新日期:2014-03-09 00:00:00
abstract::The authors describe in their case study the history of a 51 year old man, at whom they verified without thoracotomy thoracal actinomycosis. They achieved recovery giving permanently high doses of Penicillin. In connection with this rare case the authors review pathogenesis, the symptomatology, the diagnosis and the t...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The authors examined 25 children with allergic rhinitis, who were sensitive to grass, weed and tree pollens. During the allergic season nasal lavage was performed then repeated after 4 weeks of loratadine treatment. Tryptase, IL-5, ECP, TNF-alpha and RANTES levels were measured from the nasal lavage fluid. Tryptase, I...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::Prevalence of antibodies to variants HHV-6A and B as well as HHV-7, the time of primary infections are not know in Hungarian children. Therefore, antibodies to these viruses were studied in 21 healthy children aged between 6 and 18 months. Lymphoid cultures were infected with standard virus strains for indirect immuno...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::The authors performed 3539 successful endoscopic retrograde cholangio-panreatographies between 1982 and 1992. In 1160 (32.7%) of the cases was revealed some kind of pathological condition. In connection with one case, following conventional cholecystectomy, a very rare complication was diagnosed by endoscopic means. T...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::At the menopause outpatient unit among 100 patients with climacteric problems 50 were treated with continuous hormone replacement therapy alone (Group A), and in 50 other cases were given a combination of a half dose hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and anxiolytic drug (Group B). After a 3 month treatment period the ...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:2000-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most frequent endocrine disease among women of reproductive age. It is associated with increased risks of various metabolic disorders and complications. most recent data suggest that women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome are most exposed to several psychological problems. It h...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1556/OH.2014.30024
更新日期:2014-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::Gastric cancer is one of the most frequent cancer type in the world today. This fact emphasises the importance of identification of useful diagnostic and prognostic markers for gastric cancers in their earliest stages. Aim of this review is to summarize the genetic knowledge related to gastric carcinogenesis and progr...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2004-05-02 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The noninvasive evaluation of right ventricular function is difficult, especially in postoperative complex congenital heart disease due to the special right ventricular geometry. The right ventricular dysfunction is a key factor in morbidity and mortality and in the determination of the necessity of reoperat...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1556/OH.2008.28266
更新日期:2008-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Authors present two cases. One of their patient was followed for 30 years. They discuss the pathological characters and diagnostic difficulties of the disease. They have observed that with radical operations of--according to necessity--serial surgical interventions the outcome of patients can be properly controlled ag...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Intestinal fatty acid binding protein, a small cytosolic protein abundantly present in mature enterocytes of small and large intestine, has proven to be a sensitive marker for damage to the intestinal epithelium. Upon cellular damage of the enterocyte, intestinal fatty acid binding protein is readily released into the...
journal_title:Orvosi hetilap
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1556/650.2016.30336
更新日期:2016-01-10 00:00:00