Abstract：
:1 Acetylcholine-induced contractions of the isolated chronically denervated soleus muscle of the mouse consist of two phases, but both phases are equivalent to the contracture phase seen in vivo.2 Low [Ca(2+)](0) (0.5-1.5 mM) augmented peak tension, as well as the rate of relaxation, of the first phase, but inhibited the second phase. Ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) or La(3+) (2 mM) also inhibited the second phase, but not the first.3 It was concluded that the first phase requires Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and is terminated by inactivation of the contractile process. The second phase is caused by the entry of activator Ca(2+) from the extracellular space.4 Increasing [Ca(2+)](o) to 5 or 10 mM after the addition of acetylcholine caused a contraction, starting after a delay of about 50 seconds. EGTA or La(3+) added during the second phase of the acetylcholine contraction caused relaxation after a much shorter lag time.5 It is concluded that most of the Ca(2+) entering from the extracellular fluid is taken up by the sarcoplasmic reticulum.6 The acetylcholine second phase was augmented in low (25 mM) [Na(+)](0). It is concluded that Na(+) and Ca(2+) compete for the acetylcholine controlled ionic channels.7 Isolated chronically denervated diaphragm muscles were less sensitive to acetylcholine and the contraction usually consisted of a first phase only.8 It is concluded that sequestration of Ca(2+) entering from the extracellular fluid is more complete in the diaphragm.
journal_name
Br J Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of pharmacologyauthors
Hall MT,Maleque MA,Wadsworth RMdoi
10.1111/j.1476-5381.1977.tb07556.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-12-01 00:00:00pages
627-38issue
4eissn
0007-1188issn
1476-5381journal_volume
61pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:1. Heat stress (HS) is known to protect against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury by improving mechanical dysfunction and decreasing necrosis. However, the mechanisms responsible for this form of cardioprotection remain to be elucidated. ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels have been shown to be involved in...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0701710
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation of aortic ring preparations was assessed and nitric oxide (NO) synthase activity measured in the lung, and cerebellum of cholesterol-fed and normal rabbits. Endothelium-dependent relaxation of acetylcholine and ATP was depressed while that to the calcium ionophore, A23...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb12796.x
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The central and peripheral effects of the omega (benzodiazepine) site ligands, clonazepam, alpidem, zolpidem, triazolam, flumazenil, ethyl beta carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCE) and N-methyl beta carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM) on intestinal myoelectrical activity were evaluated in conscious rats, chronically f...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb16204.x
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:S-nitrosothiols have a number of potential clinical applications, among which their use as antithrombotic agents has been emphasized. This is largely because of their well-documented platelet inhibitory effects, which show a degree of platelet selectivity, although the mechanism of this remains undefined. Recent progr...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00670.x
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The effects of pretreatment with aspirin, and of prostacyclin (PGI(2)) infusions, on responses to myocardial ischaemia and infarction produced by ligation of a coronary artery were investigated in conscious rats.2 Surgical preparation, under halothane anaesthesia, consisted of implanting exteriorized aortic and jugu...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1983.tb09359.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor blocking activity of the newly synthesized alpha-adrenoceptor blocking drug, benextramine, was evaluated in the isolated left atrium of the guinea-pig heart. 2 High-voltage stimulation increased the force of contraction of electrically driven atrial strips, presumably by releasing ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1982.tb09182.x
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of 10 mM caffeine (CAF) on intramembrane charge movements (ICM) were studied in isolated guinea-pig ventricular heart cells with the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. In the presence of CAF, the properties (voltage dependence, maximum Q(ON) [Q(max)], availability with voltage) of Q(ON) charge activated fro...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0704520
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Sarcoplasmic reticular (SR) Ca(2+) -ATPase (SERCA2a) is central to cardiac electrophysiological and mechanical function. It ensures full diastolic relaxation minimizing delayed after-potentials that would otherwise compromise membrane electrophysiological stability, and optimizes SR Ca(2+) refilling and syst...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.12288
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Picrotoxin selectively and reversibly suppressed the inhibitory action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), but not that of glycine, taurine or beta-alanine, on the frequency of spontaneous spike discharges in guinea-pig cerebellar slices. Strychnine reversibly suppressed the inhibitory action of glycine, taurine or b...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1976.tb07650.x
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In small arteries, small conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels (SK(Ca)) and intermediate conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels (IK(Ca)) restricted to the vascular endothelium generate hyperpolarization that underpins the NO- and PGI₂-independent, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor respo...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.12160
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We have examined the mechanisms of local oedema formation in the passive cutaneous anaphylactic (PCA) reaction in the rabbit. 2. IgE-containing antiserum was injected i.d. and allowed to sensitize skin sites for periods up to 240 h. Antigen (bovine gamma globulin) was injected i.d. or i.v. and local oedema formatio...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1992.tb13424.x
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In a first series of experiments, male Long Evans rats were chronically instrumented for the measurement of internal carotid blood flow and systemic arterial blood pressure; cardiovascular changes were assessed during and after 30 min infusions of human alpha-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) (0.06 and 0.6 nmo...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb13015.x
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol, the principal active component in Cannabis sativa extracts such as marijuana, participates in cell signalling by binding to cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors on the cell surface. The CB1 receptors are present in both inhibitory and excitatory presynaptic terminals and the CB2 receptors are fo...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bph.14780
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Glycine responses were studied under voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes injected with cDNA encoding mammalian glycine receptor subunits and in rat medullary neurones. Bath application of glycine gave strychnine-sensitive currents which reversed close to the expected equilibrium potentials for chloride ions. The peak ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15430.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 In the guinea-pig vas deferens, grayanotoxin I (G-I), a diterpenic toxin isolated from certain ericaceous plants caused rhythmic contractions which were dose-dependent (5 x 10(-5) M - 10(-3) M); these followed an initial transient contraction.2 The G-I (3 x 10(-4) M)-induced contraction was markedly inhibited or abo...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1983.tb08806.x
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Endothelial cells, under given circumstances, can initiate contraction (constriction) of the vascular smooth muscle cells that surround them. Such endothelium-dependent, acute increases in contractile tone can be due to the withdrawal of the production of nitric oxide, to the production of vasoconstrictor peptides ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0706042
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Retinoids, through their activation of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors, regulate diverse cellular processes, and pharmacological intervention in their actions has been successful in the treatment of skin disorders and cancers. Despite the many beneficial effects, administr...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.12543
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. [125I]-Tyr4-bombesin exhibited saturable binding to pancreatic acinar cells. 2. Preincubation of cells at 37 degrees C with 0.03 nM-1 microM-bombesin for 10 min followed by acid or neutral washes reduced subsequent binding of [125I]-Tyr4-bombesin in a concentration-dependent manner by up to 90%. 3. In cell suspensi...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13187.x
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Noradrenaline and clonidine were applied by microiontophoresis to single neurones in the cerebral cortex and medullary reticular formation of anaesthetized rats.2 Of a total of 247 neurones studied, 79% of medullary units and 60% of cortical units responded in the same manner to both noradrenaline and clonidine. The...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1974.tb10670.x
更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Gastric acid secretory responses to pentagastrin were characterized in the rat isolated gastric mucosa. In particular, the mechanisms underlying fade, declining response upon continued stimulation, and tachyphylaxis, progressively reduced responses upon repeated stimulation, were investigated. 2. Pentagastrin, 10(-...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1988.tb11738.x
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) plays an important role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion making it an attractive anti-diabetic target. This study characterizes the pharmacological profile of HWL-088 (2-(2-fluoro-4-((2'-methyl-[1,1'- biphenyl]-3-yl)methoxy)phenoxy)acetic acid), a nov...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.14980
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The respiratory response to microinjection of tachykinins and analogues into the commissural nucleus of the solitary tract (cNTS) of urethane-anaesthetized rats was investigated in the presence and absence of selective tachykinin NK(1), NK(2) and NK(3) antagonists (RP 67580, SR 48968 and SR 142801, respectively). 2...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0703172
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Melatonin deprival in young rats induces alterations in cerebral arteriolar wall similar to those observed during aging: atrophy and a decrease in distensibility. In this study, we examined the effects of melatonin treatment on cerebral arteriolar structure and distensibility and on the lower limit of cerebral blood f...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0705629
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two structurally distinct peptides, angiotensin IV and LVV-haemorphin 7, both competitive high-affinity inhibitors of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), were found to enhance aversion-associated and spatial memory in normal rats and to improve performance in a number of memory tasks in rat deficits models. These...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01402.x
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Citrated platelet-rich plasma was prepared from New Zealand white rabbits before, during and after administration of chlorpromazine (2 mg/kg) intramuscularly once daily for 3 to 4 weeks. 2 In these plasmas, the velocity of platelet aggregation by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) added at 1, 3 and 10 microM increased great...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1980.tb10889.x
更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In cardiac myocytes, cAMP produced by both β1 and β2 -adrenergic receptors (ARs) results in an increase in L-type Ca2+ channel activity and myocyte contraction. However, only cAMP produced by β1 ARs is able to enhance myocyte relaxation through phospholamban-dependent regulation of the sarco/endo...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.15382
更新日期：2021-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The bovine pulmonary vein contracts in response to acetylcholine, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and bradykinin. The tissue is particularly sensitive to 5-hydroxytryptamine (>0.1 ng/ml). Specific Schultz-Dale reactions were elicited in the pulmonary vein in response to horse plasma.2. The Schultz-Dale reaction is i...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1971-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Selective oestrogen receptor (ER) modulators (SERMs) are of great value in the treatment of breast cancer and osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to characterize pharmacologically a new class of SERMs synthesized based on the core structure of raloxifene. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:Competitive re...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0706960
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentration of intracellular free Ca2+ ( [Ca2+]i) in human blood platelets was measured by use of the fluorescent probe quin-2. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) caused a rapid increase of [Ca2+]i in the presence or absence of Ca2+ in the medium. The [Ca2+]i-rise was less marked in the absence of Ca2+ and could be anta...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb12939.x
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Kinins are pro-inflammatory peptides that are released during tissue injury, including that caused by inflammatory bowel disease. Herein, we assessed the role and underlying mechanisms through which the absence of kinin B(1) receptors exacerbates the development of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-i...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02136.x
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
